400 research outputs found
At the End of Night: explorations of Antarctica and Space in the sound art of Philip Samartzis
No full textThis article explores the work of Australian sound artist Philip Samartzis, who documented the eco-acoustic characteristics and atmospheric effects of Antarctica and its environs during two field trips in 2010 and 2016. It begins by situating his work within the context of other compositions that engage with Antarctica, the atmosphere and Outer Space, before focusing on examples of two of his compositions. At the End of Night is based on sound recordings of a Medium Frequency Spaced Array radar used to measure upper atmospheric conditions through the transmission and reception of coded sine tone pulsations, while Aurora Australis is derived from the sonification of digital data generated by auroral activity produced over one calendar year. The article concludes with a section in which the composer reflects on Antarctica and its soundscape ecology, as well as the methods and processes he has employed whilst conducting field work in this extreme environment. In doing so, it aims to reveal the approaches and methods behind his sound art and to show how his compositions can not only enhance general understanding of Antarctica and the Earth’s atmosphere, but also encourage us to engage with these spaces in new, and powerfully affecting, ways
White matter alterations in early stages of schizophrenia: A systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies
No full textSeveral lines of evidence suggest that the normal integration of cerebral communication may be compromised in schizophrenia, with white matter (WM) abnormalities being integral to these functional deficits. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a neuroimaging technique which has increasingly been used to study WM through quantitative indices of its structural and orientational characteristics. Identifying the WM differences early in the course of schizophrenia may assist in prevention, early diagnosis and identification of treatment targets. In that respect, the aims of the present study were to (a) systematically review WM integrity in the early stages of schizophrenia as inferred by DTI and (b) specifically examine parameters that may affect WM: age, duration of illness and treatment. In summary, DTI studies in early schizophrenia suggest that structural dysconnectivity may be already present in recent-onset and drug-naïve patients, as well as in individuals clinically at high risk for developing schizophrenia. Although the pattern of WM differences is not totally consistent frontal, fronto-temporal and fronto-limbic connections, with tracts including the superior longitudinal fasciculus, cingulum bundle, uncinate fasciculus and corpus callosum seem to be affected. These differences may depend on the developmental stage of the subjects, the duration of illness and exposure to antipsychotic medication. © 2013 by the American Society of Neuroimaging
sj-pdf-1-gsj-10.1177_21925682211058158 – Supplemental Material for Research Practices and Needs Among Spine Surgeons Worldwide
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-gsj-10.1177_21925682211058158 for Research Practices and Needs Among Spine Surgeons Worldwide by Niccole Germscheid, Jason P. Y. Cheung, Marko H. Neva, F. Cumhur Öner, Brian K. Kwon, Marcelo Valacco, Waleed Awwad, Daniel M. Sciubba, Stephen J. Lewis, Laurence D. Rhines, Sangwook T. Yoon, Mauro Alini, Sibylle Grad, Charles Fisher and Dino Samartzis in Global Spine Journal</p
sj-pdf-2-gsj-10.1177_21925682211058158 – Supplemental Material for Research Practices and Needs Among Spine Surgeons Worldwide
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-2-gsj-10.1177_21925682211058158 for Research Practices and Needs Among Spine Surgeons Worldwide by Niccole Germscheid, Jason P. Y. Cheung, Marko H. Neva, F. Cumhur Öner, Brian K. Kwon, Marcelo Valacco, Waleed Awwad, Daniel M. Sciubba, Stephen J. Lewis, Laurence D. Rhines, Sangwook T. Yoon, Mauro Alini, Sibylle Grad, Charles Fisher and Dino Samartzis in Global Spine Journal</p
Vertebral bone marrow (Modic) changes
No full textModic changes (MCs) are bone marrow changes in the spine, and they are classified into three categories (types 1, 2, and 3) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance. They share several determinants with bone marrow changes at other sites of the body. The precise pathology of MCs is still unclear but includes structural disc damage and the inflammatory response to it, atypical mechanical loading, and possible bacterial etiology. In particular, Modic type 1 change (MC1) is thought to be associated with low back pain (LBP) but may also occur among the normal, asymptomatic population. However, MC1 may play a role, especially among patients with chronic, troublesome LBP. Clinically, MCs are diagnosed using MRI with no evident clinical tests or diagnostic algorithms. Unfortunately, no evidence-based treatment options exist yet for patients with pain and MCs although fusion surgery, antibiotic, and nerve ablation treatment are being explored. Overall, MCs are clinically important structural spine phenotypes, with varied etiology and prognostics and a need for refined classification.</p
Supplemental Material, GSJ_Supplemental_Material - Cell Therapy for Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Systematic Review
No full textSupplemental Material, GSJ_Supplemental_Material for Cell Therapy for Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Systematic Review by Dino Samartzis, Niccole M. Germscheid, Michael G. Fehlings, Charles G. Fisher, Marinus de Kleuver, F. Cumhur Öner, S. Tim Yoon, Luiz R. Vialle, Hans-Joerg Meisel, Neha Agarwal, Patrick C. Hsieh, Andrea Skelly, Jong-Beom Park, Darrel Brodke, Jeffrey C. Wang, S. Tim Yoon and Zorica Buser in Global Spine Journal</p
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-gsj-10.1177_21925682211022311 - Telemedicine in Spine Surgery: Global Perspectives and Practices
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-1-gsj-10.1177_21925682211022311 for Telemedicine in Spine Surgery: Global Perspectives and Practices by Grant Riew, Francis Lovecchio, Dino Samartzis, Philip K. Louie, Niccole Germscheid, Howard An, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Norman Chutkan, Gary Michael Mallow, Marko H. Neva, Frank M. Phillips, Daniel Sciubba, Mohammad El-Sharkawi, Marcelo Valacco, Michael H. McCarthy, Melvin Makhni and Sravisht Iyer in Global Spine Journal</p
Detecting chirality in mixtures using nanosecond photoelectron circular dichroism
No full textWe report chirality detection of structural isomers in a gas phase mixtureusing nanosecond photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD). Combiningpulsed molecular beams with high-resolution resonance enhancedmulti-photon ionization (REMPI) allows specific isolated transitionsbelonging to distinct components in the mixture to be targete
Effectiveness of autologous chondrocyte implantation in cartilage repair of the knee: A systematic review of controlled trials
No full textObjective: The relative differences in effectiveness of subchondral stimulation, osteochondral grafts, and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) are still unclear. It is the objective of this study to systematically review the literature on ACI compared to other treatments by clinical outcome and the quality of the repair tissue, including an assessment of the validity of these findings. Method: The online databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and BioMed were searched. Controlled trials comparing ACI with other methods of cartilage repair or placebo were included. Data on clinical outcome and the quality of the repair tissue was abstracted in duplicate. Study validity was assessed by individual components (randomization, blinded outcome assessment, sample size, attrition, percentage biopsies). Results: Nine studies were included. The internal validity of most of these studies was poor. Studies comparing ACI with subchondral stimulation have a higher quality and show no differences in clinical outcomes, but suggest better results in tissue quality. The high quality evidence comparing ACI with osteochondral grafts shows better clinical outcomes and higher tissue quality after ACI. Conclusion: Among the included studies there is much inconsistency in methodological quality and findings. Regardless of these problems, the absolute differences between groups are fairly small, thus raising questions about their clinical importance. Future studies will be needed to answer the question of benefits of ACI compared to other treatments, and could profit from addressing and avoiding the problems seen in this group. Finally conclusions concerning long-term effects are still difficult. © 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
A Water Futures Approach on Water Demand Forecasting with Online Ensemble Learning
No full textZanutto D, Michalopoulos C, Chatzistefanou G-A, et al. A Water Futures Approach on Water Demand Forecasting with Online Ensemble Learning. In: The 3rd International Joint Conference on Water Distribution Systems Analysis &amp; Computing and Control for the Water Industry (WDSA/CCWI 2024). Basel Switzerland: MDPI; 2024: 60.This study presents a collaborative framework developed by the Water Futures team of researchers for the “Battle of the Water Demand Forecasting” challenge at the 3rd International WDSA-CCWI Joint Conference. The framework integrates an ensemble of machine learning forecasting models into a deterministic outcome consistent with the competition formulation. The water demand trajectory over a week exhibits complex overlapping patterns and non-linear dependencies to multiple features and time-dependent events that a single model cannot accurately predict. As such, the reconciled forecast from an ensemble of models exceeds the performance of the individual ones and exhibits higher stability across the weeks of the year and district metered areas considered
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