68,798 research outputs found
Measuring and analyzing German and Spanish customer satisfaction of using the iPhone 4S Mobile Cloud service
No full textThis paper presents the customer satisfaction analysis for measuring popularity in the Mobile Cloud, which is an emerging area in the Cloud and Big Data Computing. Organizational Sustainability Modeling (OSM) is the proposed method used in this research. The twelve-month of German and Spanish consumer data are used for the analysis to investigate the return and risk status associated with the ratings of customer satisfaction in the iPhone 4S Mobile Cloud services. Results show that there is a decline in the satisfaction ratings in Germany and Spain due to economic downturn and competitions in the market, which support our hypothesis. Key outputs have been explained and they confirm that all analysis and interpretations fulfill the criteria for OSM. The use of statistical and visualization method proposed by OSM can expose unexploited data and allows the stakeholders to understand the status of return and risk of their Cloud strategies easier than the use of other data analysis
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A letter and invitation from Franklin Chang-Diaz to Dr. Hector P. Garcia
No full textA letter and invitation from Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, NASA Astronaut, to Dr. Hector P. Garcia regarding an upcoming mission launc
Microsarimodes Chang et Chen 2019
No full textGenus <i>Microsarimodes</i> Chang et Chen, 2019 <p> <i>Microsarimodes</i> Chang et Chen, 2019 <i>in</i> CHANG <i>et al.</i> 2019: 137. Type species: <i>Microsarimodes tumida</i> Chang et Chen, 2019, by original designation.</p> <p> <i>Eusarimodes</i> Meng, Qin et Wang <i>in</i> ZHANG <i>et al.</i> 2020: 499, syn. n. Type species: <i>Eusarimodes</i> <i>maculosus</i> Che, Zhang et Wang, 2020, by original designation.</p> <p> Notes. <i>Microsarimodes</i> and its single included species (<i>M. tumida</i> in its original description, here corrected to <i>M. tumidus</i>, because the grammatical gender of <i>Microsarimodes</i> is masculine, cf. ICZN (1999), Art. 30.1.4.4) were not treated by ZHANG <i>et al.</i> (2020). The peculiar ventral lobe of the phallobase (narrow basally, but strongly enlarged before apex), the dorsolateral lobes of phallobase being provided with large semicircular processes ventrally covering ventral aedeagal hooks, and the massive styles, without neck, but with a comb before capitulum dorsally, clearly illustrated by both author groups (CHANG <i>et al.</i> 2019, figs 25, 27, 28; ZHANG <i>et al.</i> 2020, figs 224e, 224h, 224i), leave no doubt that the two genera are identical, therefore their subjective synonymy is hereby proposed, resulting in the following new combination:</p>Published as part of <i>Gnezdilov, Vladimir M., 2022, New Synonymies And New Combinations For Chinese Issidae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Fulgoroidea), pp. 45-52 in Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 68 (1)</i> on page 49, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.68.1.45.2022, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7160706">http://zenodo.org/record/7160706</a>
Brain Segmentation ? A Case study of Biomedical Cloud Computing for Education and Research
No full textMedical imaging is widely adopted in Hospitals and medical institutes, and new ways to improve existing medical imaging services are regularly exploited. This paper describes the adoption of Cloud Computing is useful for medical education and research, and describes the methodology, results and lesson learned. A working Bioinformatics Cloud platform can demonstrate computation and visualisation of brain imaging. The aim is to study segmentation of brains, which divides the brain into ten major regions. The Cloud platform has these two functions: (i) it can highlight each region for ten different segments; and (ii) it can adjust intensity of segmentation to allow basic study of brain medicine. Two types of benefits are reported as follows. Firstly, all the medical student participants are reported to have 20% improvement in their learning satisfaction. Secondly, 100% of volunteer participants are reported to have positive learning experience
Mauriesia Chang, 2010, gen. nov.
No full textMauriesia gen. nov. Diagnosis: Differs from the other genera of Glomeridae in the following combination of characters. Mediumsized Glomeridae with all four palps of gnathochilarium subequal in length. Organ of Tőmősváry suboval, short. Antennae with four normal apical cones. Collum with two transverse striae. Thoracic shield with a small hyposchism field and numerous transverse striae, of which several crossing the dorsum. Colour pattern vivid. Tegument smooth and shining, devoid of pilosity. Male pygidium with a median lobule at caudal margin. Male leg 17 with a high outer coxal lobe and a 4 -segmented, somewhat reduced telopodite. Male leg 18 with an ogival, or arcuated, syncoxite notch and a 4 -segmented, less strongly reduced telopodite. Male leg 19 (telopod) unusually stout, prefemur especially short (Figs 10 and 11); syncoxite horns high, central lobe present; prefemur medially with a membranous sac and a strong seta near its base on caudal face; femur with a peculiar, long, basal, mediad directed apophysis (a) and a very conspicuous, strongly sclerotized, distal finger (f) on caudal face, as well as with a setose bulge (s) medially; tibia with a smaller but evident, likewise strongly sclerotized, distal finger (p) caudolaterally; tarsus with a strong seta apically. Type species: Mauriesia splendida sp. nov. Name: Honours Jean-Paul Mauriès, the globally renowned specialist in Diplopoda and the author of the modern classification of the Glomerida.Published as part of Chang, Hsueh-Wen, 2010, Pill-millipedes (Glomerida, Diplopoda) in Taiwan, pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 2477 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19531
Tetranchyroderma schizocirratum Chang, Kubota & Shirayama 2002
No full text<i>Tetranchyroderma schizocirratum</i> Chang, Kubota & Shirayama, 2002 <p>(Fig 4)</p> <p> <i>Tetranchyroderma schizocirratum</i> Chang, Kubota & Shirayama, 2002, p. 770, figs. 1, 2.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 3 inds, Hyeobje beach, Jeju I., 10 Aug. 1997, <i>leg</i>. H.S. Rho & J.W. Choi; 7 inds., Biando I., 25 Nov. 2000, <i>leg</i>. J. Lee & C.Y. Chang; 5 inds., Daejeong, Jeju I., 3 Apr. 2002, <i>leg</i>. J. Lee & U.H. Kwon; 5 inds., Seongsan, Jeju I., 24 Jan. 2003, leg. J. Lee, J.M. Jeon & C.Y. Chang; 4 inds., Yongdu beach, Boryeong, 13 July 2003, <i>leg</i>. J. Lee & C.Y. Chang.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body oblong, Lt 309 µm; both sides nearly parallel, weakly constricted in pharyngeal region. Widths of head/PhJIn/trunk/caudal base 51/43/57/34 µm at U06/U37/U58/U93, respectively.</p> <p>Head protruding, with its anterior border undulating and with numerous sensory hairs. A pair of pestle organs located dorsolaterally at U07, each accompanied by a sensory bristle.</p> <p>Epidermal glands 4 per side, arranged from mid-pharyngeal region to posterior intestinal region (U20–U75), different in size (10–16 µm in diameter) with generally circular shape containing granules.</p> <p>Cuticular armature with tetrancres only, arranged in 13–16 columns in mid-trunk region, each column comprising about 55–61 ancres; each tine of tetrancres similar in length; ancres 14 µm long in diagonal length between opposite tines at mid-trunk region, but smaller on both anterior part of oral hood and caudal base.</p> <p>Four pairs of dorsolateral cirratum-type tubes located from just behind PhJIn to posterior trunk region at U39, U63, U77 and U86, respectively; last one long and robust, with its distal portion bifurcate.</p> <p>Adhesive tubes: TbA, 6–7 per side, comprising a medial tube and 5–6 ventrolateral tubes forming an arc. TbVL, 15–17 per side, anterior 2 tubes, including a cirratum-type tube, in pharyngeal region and others in intestinal region at U38–U69; eighth tube with a small cirratum-type tube issuing together at its base. A pair of foot-type TbV, each consisting of 3 tubes at U80. TbP, 12 per side, forming pedicles with 2 distal tubes and 1 dorsal cirratumtype tube; flanked with 6 lateral tubes and 3 medial ones.</p> <p>Reproductive system: simultaneous hermaphrodite, testis reaching to U41, behind PhJIn; copulatory organ small, pyriform located in U78–U87. Seminal receptacle small, suboval in front of copulatory organ. Two ova located in mid-intestinal region.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species was first recorded from subtidal sands at Shirahama, Japan by Chang <i>et al.</i> (2002). Korean specimens agree well with the original description, especially in having the last pairs of dorsolateral cirratum-type tubes with cleft at distal part. However, Korean specimens show some differences from the original description in possessing four dorsolateral cirratum-type tubes per side, including an additional tube issued between second and third. Moreover, Korean specimens have more adhesive tubes such as 6–7 TbA per side, 14– 16 TbVL per side at intestinal region and 5–6 lateral TbP per side.</p> <p>Korean specimens were collected from fine to medium sands in the subtidal bottom (3–5 m deep) of the Yellow Sea coast and around Jeju Island.</p>Published as part of <i>Lee, Jimin, Kim, Dongsung & Chang, Cheon Young, 2013, Description of three new Tetranchyroderma gastrotrichs (Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from South Korea, pp. 483-493 in Zootaxa 3709 (5)</i> on pages 491-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3709.5.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/216025">http://zenodo.org/record/216025</a>
Batillipes longispinosus Chang & Rho 1997
No full text17. <i>Batillipes longispinosus</i> Chang & Rho, 1997a <p> <i>Batillipes longispinosus</i> n. sp. (Chang & Rho 1997a)</p> <p> <b> <i>Terra typica</i>: Yellow Sea (South Korea, Asia)</b> </p> <p> <b>East China Sea:</b></p> <p> • <i>34°43′N, 127°59′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, South Gyeongsang Province, Sangju-ri, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. <b>Rho</b> <i>et al.</i> <b>(1999)</b></p> <p> • <i>34°31′N, 127°07′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, South Jeolla Province, Sorokdo Island, intertidal or shallow sublittoral zone, sand or shell gravel. <b>Rho</b> <i>et al.</i> <b>(1999)</b></p> <p> • <i>33°31′N, 126°32′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> Undefined locality, South Korea, Jeju Province, Cheju [Jejudo] Island, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> <b>Sea of Japan:</b></p> <p> • <i>38°29′N, 128°26′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, Gangwon Province, Hwajinpo, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <i>36°12′N, 129°22′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, North Gyeongsang Province, Wolpo, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <i>35°01′N, 128°23′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, South Gyeongsang Province, Taechon, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> <b>Yellow Sea:</b></p> <p> • <i>37°16′N, 126°06′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, Incheon Metropolitan City, Tokchok [Yeongheung-do] Island, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <b>36°47′48′′N, 126°08′39′′E; 6–7 m bsl: [FAO61] Type Locality:</b> South Korea, South Chungcheong Province, Manripo, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, bottom, submerged sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <i>35°40′N, 126°31′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> South Korea, North Jeolla Province, Kyokpo, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <i>35°31′N, 126°30′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> Undefined locality, South Korea, North Jeolla Province, Kochang County, intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> • <i>34°28′N, 126°16′E; 0 m bsl:</i> <b>[FAO61]</b> Undefined locality, South Korea, South Jeolla Province, Chindo [Jin-do Island], intertidal or shallow subtidal zone, sediment or sand. <b>Chang & Rho (1997a)</b></p> <p> <b>Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification):</b> East China Sea: 3, Sea of Japan: 3, Yellow Sea: 5; <b>total: 11.</b></p> <p> <b>Record numbers (FAO classification):</b> FAO61: 19; <b>total: 11.</b></p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This species is distributed widely on the South Korean coast. It has been reported from sand in the intertidal or shallow subtidal zones.</p>Published as part of <i>Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, pp. 1-189 in Zootaxa 4037 (1)</i> on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4037.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/233519">http://zenodo.org/record/233519</a>
Death Cast of Chang and Eng Bunker
No full textThis plaster cast was made from the bodies of conjoined twins Chang and Eng Bunker after their autopsy in 1874. Eng is on the left, and Chang, who died first (presumably of a cerebral clot), is on the right. In life, their usual position was standing side-by-side, with an arm over each other’s shoulder.
Chang and Eng were the original “Siamese Twins.” They were born in Siam (now Thailand) in 1811. After spending much of their lives on exhibition tours, the Bunkers settled in Mount Airy, North Carolina. They married sisters and raised a total of 21 children. They maintained separate households on separate farms, taking turns in spending a week at each house.
Doctors from Philadelphia went to Mount Airy after the twins’ death on January 17, 1874, and received permission from the families to examine the bodies. They wanted to settle the question of whether or not they could have been separated during life.
The doctors transported the bodies to The College of Physicians of Philadelphia, where the autopsy was done in The Mütter Museum. This plaster cast shows the incision, which revealed that the band connecting the twins included portions of the peritoneal cavities of each twin and that their livers were joined by a thin strip of liver tissue. The doctors concluded that the twins could not have been safely separated because of the blood loss that would have resulted from the operation. The joined livers are on display in the Museum, right below this cast.
The brothers were temperamentally quite different. Chang was a heavy drinker with a bad temper, while Eng was placid and easy-going
Tetranchyroderma megabitubulatum Lee & Chang 2012, sp. nov.
No full textTetranchyroderma megabitubulatum sp. nov. <p>(Figs 3, 5D, E)</p> <p> <b>Type material</b>. Holotype (DBG1901) and 12 paratypes (DBG1902–1910, NIBRIV0000245096, 0000245097) mounted in glycerin on H-S slides, 29 June 2006, <i>leg</i>. J. Lee.</p> <p> <b>Type locality</b>. Baegripo Beach, Taean, Korea, 36°48'43"N 126°09'14"E, 1–3 m deep.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The proposed specific name <i>megabitubulatum</i> alludes to a pair of large dorsolateral adhesive tubes.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis</b>. A small <i>Tetranchyroderma</i> an adult length to 464 µm; pharynx length to 100 µm; with fanwise head and slender body; armed with two pairs of rod-like cephalic tentacles and a pair of pestle organs; cuticular armature consisting of pentancres only; adhesive tubes: an oblique row of three TbA per side, comprising a medial and two ventrolateral tubes; a pair of long TbDL in mid-intestinal region; 14–15 TbVL per side, foremost tube located in anterior pharyngeal region and 13–14 TbVL in intestinal region; a pair of foot-type TbV consisting of two tubes; 5–7 TbP per side, forming trifid pedicles with two distal tubes and a dorsal cirratum, flanked by a medial and 2–3 lateral tubes.</p> <p> <b>Description of holotype</b>. Body (Fig. 3A, B) slender and elongate, arched dorsally, flattened ventrally, 353 µm long; bothsides more and less parallel, except for a slight constriction in posterior pharyngeal region and caudal base; caudal pedicle elongate; widths of head/neck/PhJIn/trunk/caudal base 57/25/28/32/17 µm at U6/U27/U34/ U60/U93, respectively.</p> <p>Head broad and fanwise with 15 sensory hairs scattered on dorsal surface of oral hood; anterior margin convex and uneven, with seven peaks, each peak bearing 2–3 papillae with sensory hairs. Two pairs of rod-like cephalic tentacles present; first pair slender and long, 15 µm long, situated on anterolateral peak of oral hood at U2; second pair short, 10 µm, situated slightly dorsally just behind the preceding one at U3. A pair of pestle organs situated at posterolateral corner of head, beside ventrolateralmost TbA at U10, protruding ventrolaterally, each accompanied by two short hairs. Numerous paired sensory hairs (~17 µm long) dorsolateral and lateral surfaces behind pestle organ to middle of caudum (U12).</p> <p>Epidermal glands of granular type, six per side, asymmetrically distributed from U21 to U86, with different size (4–7 µm in diameter).</p> <p>Cuticular armature (Figs. 3C, 5E) with pentancres only, scattered all over dorsal surface excluding anteriormost part of oral hood and caudum; arranged in 13–15 columns in mid-trunk region (U53), each column with up to 50–55 pentancres; ancres with slender tines, 3 µm in diagonal length on head, 4 µm on caudal base, and 16 µm in mid-trunk region.</p> <p>Adhesive tubes: three TbA per side arranged obliquely, consisting of a small medial tube, 8 µm long, pointing backward at U12 and two ventrolateral tubes, 13 µm and 9 µm long, U11 and U10, respectively; a pair of elongated TbDL (Fig. 5D), 57 µm long, situated in middle of intestinal region at U62; 14–15 TbVL per side, foremost tube 9 µm long, at U16, others more robust, from 9 µm in length, distributed intestinal region U36 to U78; paired foottype TbV represented by two tubes at posterior intestinal region at U81, medial tube shorter than lateral tube, 9 µm and 15 µm long, respectively; 6–7 TbP per side, forming a little elongated pedicle with three tubes, two horizontal tubes and a dorsal, cirratum-type tube, 8 µm long; flanked by a medial tube (10 µm long) and 2–3 lateral tubes, of which the latter extends to the anus at U89.</p> <p>Ventral ciliation aligned in a single column from just behind TbA to the anus (U13–U92).</p> <p>Digestive tract: oral opening broad (52 µm wide) with oral hood extending forward above the mouth from U0 to U10; pharynx 85 µm long, narrows to half of posterior part at U23-U34; a pair of pharyngeal pores opens laterally, slightly in front of PhJIn at U32; intestine broad with both ends narrowing a little; anus opens ventrally at U89.</p> <p>Reproductive system: simultaneous hermaphrodite; single testis on right side, extending far behind, at U47. A large ovum (20X56 µm in diameter) located dorsally in midtrunk region at U52–U68. Seminal receptacle between ovum and copulatory organ at U67–U78, elongated, ellipsoidal, 41 µm long, containing several spermatozoa. Copulatory organ elongated, protruding anteriorly, 39 µm long (U77–U94).</p> <p> <b>Ecology</b>. Specimens occurred in low abundance in fine to medium sublittoral sands (1–3 m in depth), often together with <i>Tetranchyroderma multicirratum</i> Lee & Chang, 2007 and <i>Ptychostomella orientalis</i> Lee & Chang, 2003.</p> <p> <b>Measurements and variability</b>. Body lengths of 12 type specimens mounted in glycerin range from 316 to 464 µm (mean 388 µm, standard deviation 39), maximum widths from 29–39 µm.</p> <p>Number and arrangement of adhesive tubes show some variation. Two specimens have an additional ventrolateral TbA on one side. Foot-type TbV usually consists of two tubes, except for four specimens with three tubes on one side only. Single TbVL is present in the pharyngeal region consistently, but the number of tubes in the intestinal region is rather variable, 13–20 per side, asymmetrically distributed. TbP usually form a trifid pedicle flanking a medial tube, however, the number of lateral tubes are variable, ranging from 2 to 4 per side.</p> <p> <b>Taxonomic affinities</b>. Among the allied congeners with cuticular armature of pentancres only, <i>T. megabitubulatum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is most similar to <i>T. quadritentaculatum</i> Todaro, Balsamo & Tongiorgi, 1992 in having two pairs of cephalic tentacles and a pair of TbDL. However, <i>T. megabitubulatum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is clearly distinguished from this species by the presence of pestle organs, a pair of TbV, a TbVL in the anterior pharyngeal region, much longer TbDL in the mid-intestinal region, and the fanwise shape of head (compared to a truncated anterior margin of the head in <i>T. quadritentaculatum</i>).</p> <p> In the genus <i>Tetranchyroderma</i>, <i>T. megabitubulatum</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> shares two pairs of cephalic tentacles and pestle organs only with <i>T. multicirratum</i> Lee & Chang, 2007 from Korea. It is easily distinguished from <i>T. multicirratum</i> by a larger body size (353 µm in <i>T. megabitubulatum</i> versus 227 µm in <i>T. multicirratum</i>), absence of cirratum-type tubes, and a different composition of cephalic tentacles (consisting of two rod-like tentacles in <i>T. megabitubulatum</i>, while a rod-like tentalcle and a conical tentacle are present in <i>T. multicirratum</i>).</p>Published as part of <i>Lee, Jimin & Chang, Cheon Young, 2012, Three new gastrotrich species of the genus Tetranchyroderma (Macrodasyida: Thaumastodermatidae) from Korea, pp. 245-255 in Zootaxa 3368 (1)</i> on pages 249-251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3368.1.12, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5252476">http://zenodo.org/record/5252476</a>
Olophrinus parastriatus Chang, Yin & Li 2019, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Olophrinus parastriatus</i> Chang, Yin & Li, sp. nov. <p> <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE: J, <b>CHINA: YUNNAN:</b> ‘China: Yunnan Prov., Nabanhe N. R., Xiao-nuo-you-xia-zhai, N22°14.121’, E100°37.09 ’’, alt. 950 m, 20.xi.2008, J.-Y. Hu & L. Tang leg.’ (deposited in the Insect Collection of Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; abbreviation: SNUC). PARATYPE: <b>CHINA: YUNNAN:</b> 1 J, ‘ China: Yunnan Prov., Nabanhe N. R., Manfei, alt. 700 m, 05.v.2009, J.-Y. Hu & Z.-W. Yin leg.’ (SNUC).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Olophrinus parastriatus</i> is most similar to <i>O</i>. <i>striatus</i> in sharing the head, pronotum, and elytra with microsculpture consisting of transverse waves, and the right paramere of the aedeagus much broader than the left one. The new species may be separated by the much deeper emargination of male sternite VI, and the relatively much shorter parameres of the aedeagus without a preapical denticle on the ventral surface. For species description and illustrations see CHANG et al. (2019).</p>Published as part of <i>Chang, Yuan, Yin, Zi-Wei & Li, Li-Zhen, 2019, Validation of Olophrinus parastriatus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae), pp. 490 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 59 (2)</i> on page 490, DOI: 10.2478/aemnp-2019-0038, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5340337">http://zenodo.org/record/5340337</a>
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