246 research outputs found
Effects of Ergosan on early immune response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles to enteric red mouth (ERM) vaccine
No full textIn vitro assessment of SARS-CoV-2: efficacy evaluation of new antivirals in novel and established models
No full textThe emergence of a novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to one of the most significant pandemics of human history. SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve under immune selective pressure, the risk of vaccine escape variants increases, particularly with ongoing high transmission levels. Given the clinical importance of emerging viral variants with enhanced transmissibility, a deeper understanding of the early stages of viral replication is urgently needed.
This study aims to identify the replication kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the initial phases in 2D and 3D cellular models, VERO C1008 [Vero 76, clone E6, Vero E6] and AESC-based respiratory epithelia in air-liquid interface (ALI) culture conditions respectively.
We used the viral isolate BetaCov/Italy/CDG1/2020|EPIISL412973|2020-02-20, obtained from a COVID-19 patient, to infect VERO E6 cells in Labteck chamber slides. Experiments were conducted in a certificate Biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL-3) at Istituto Superiore di Sanità.
Infected Vero E6 cells were analyzed at different time points, at the very early stages of viral infection (0 - 30 minutes post virus adsorption). We performed Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to label viral and cellular proteins and to track the progression of viral protein synthesis throughout the viral life cycle. The results showed that after 5 minutes post-infection, Vero-E6 expressed nucleocapsid (N) and membrane (M) viral proteins, which were distributed throughout the cytoplasm, accompanied by significant alterations in cellular compartments.
Notably, moderate colocalization of N and M proteins with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus was observed as early as 5 minutes after infection. Host cellular involvement begins in the initial stages of infection. These results emphasize the importance of studies concerning the interaction of viral proteins and cellular structures involved during the very early stages of the SARS-CoV-2 viral cycle.
Similar experiments were conducted on air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures of AESC-based respiratory epithelial cells derived from nasal tissue and the results allowed us to propose a model for the mechanism of viral entry and budding in respiratory epithelium.
Additionally, this study aims to investigate the antiviral effect of Paulownia tomentosa Steud extract against SARS-CoV-2. Our results indicated that P. tomentosa extract can inhibit viral replication by directly interacting with both the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease and spike protein in Vero E6 and also in ALI cultured cell conditions
How Perennial Grass has Modified Distribution of Organic Carbon in a Peach Orchard in Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy)
No full textIn this study, the distribution of the total and humified organic carbon in a peach orchard tilled-irrigated on the row and perennial grassed on the inter-row space after 16 years of cultivation were evaluated. The TOC has shown differences not statistically significant in the 0-20 cm horizon, whereas the difference in the row vs. inter-row 20-40 cm horizon was significant. The highest content of humic substances was found in the 0-20 cm of the inter-row with perennial grass vs. row tilled soil: the absence of tillage increases the accumulation of humified compounds. DRIFT and TG-DTA analysis pointed out only some small structural variation in the humic fraction of the samples taken from the layer at depth 20-40 cm
Modificazione della distribuzione del carbonio con l’inerbimento: nuove esperienze su pesco
No full textIn this study, the distribution of the total (TOC) and humified (HA+FA) organic carbon (C) in a 16 years-old peach orchard was evaluated by comparing the row that is tilled and irrigated and the inter-row that is covered with perennial grass. The grass favoured the accumulation of TOC and humified C in the top layer (0-20 cm), indicating that the absence of tillage promoted the accumulation of humified compounds. In the deep layer (20-40 cm) the TOC content was higher in the row while the content of humic substances was similar. TG-DTA analysis pointed out structural variations related to the carbohydrates and aromatic compounds content in the humic fraction of the samples taken from both top and deep layers of the two soil management systems
Isotopic discrimination during litter decomposition and delta 13C and delta 15N soil profiles in a young artificial stand and in an old floodplain forest
No full textFertilizzare con vinacce
No full textIl reimpiego dei sottoprodotti della vinificazione, consentito dalla scorsa vendemmia, va incontro a istanze di reddito e organizzative del viticoltore ma deve tenere conto anche delle caratteristiche fisico-chimiche di questo materiale, che sono in grado di influenzare l'equilibrio della microflora del terreno
Potenzialità della spettrometria di massa nella valutazione della qualità degli alimenti
No full text"Strumenti innovativi per la ricerca avanzata nelle produzioni animali". Greppi G.F., Enne G. Ed., Scientific Publication
Thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and isotopic characterization ( 13C-15N) of humic acids from different origins
No full textThermal analyses (TG-DTA), elemental composition and isotope analyses (13C and 15N) were performed on humic acids (HA) from peats, leonardites and lignites, in order to investigate their structure and the changes taking place during the humification process. Thermal analyses showed structural differences between HA samples in relation to their coalification rank. In particular the lignite HA were characterized by a more stable chemical composition at high temperatures. The δ13C and δ15N values can provide information on the biogeochemical processes involved in HA formation. In particular, peat HA were linked to anoxic environments that enable plant residues to persist in their structure. In contrast, leonardite and lignite HA formation seems to be governed by different biogeochemical processes from those responsible for peat diagenesis. However, the isotopic analyses did not provide any distinction between leonardite and lignite HA. On the basis of the data presented in this study, it may be concluded that TG-DTA and isotope ratio measurements are powerful tools for investigating the formation pathway of humic substances from coals. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Endonasal endoscopic approach for removal of intraorbital cavernous hemangioma in childhood.
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