1,721,011 research outputs found
Efficacia e potenziale fitotossicità di alcuni diserbanti impiegati in vivaio nelle colture in contenitore
No full textUtilizzo di pacciamature biodegradabili per il controllo delle infestanti in aiuole di piante ornamentali
No full textPavimentazioni e suolo
No full textQuali effetti hanno sugli alberi i diversi tipi di pavimentazioni? Una ricerca condotta su 24 esemplari, per specie, di bagolaro e orniello ha verificato quanto sia significativo per le piante il suolo di partenza, e quanto la pavimentazione porosa sia utile a mitigare le isole di calore urbane
Efficacia e potenziale fitotossicità di alcuni erbicidi usati in vivaio su Hydrangea macrophylla e Pachysandra terminalis
No full textMulching as alternative to chemical weed control in nursery containerized crops
No full textWeed control effectiveness of five mulching materials was determined in three container-grown ornamental crops (Photinia xfraseri 'Red Robin',Prunus laurocerasus 'Rotundifolia' and Thujaplicata 'Atrovirens'). Mulches tested were: AW-Disk® (a by-product of coconut); Basotop® (made of almond drupe shells without glue); two other materials made of vegetal and synthetic fibers; an experimental textile made of both polyester and synthetic absorbent fibers. Two chemicals-Gallery® T-DG (trifluralin + isoxaben) and Ronstar® (oxadia-zon)-were also evaluated in comparison to hand weeding. Weeds were counted and removed from pots twice during the growing season. Where differences in weed number were observed among treatments, mulches tended to provide more effectiveness than chemical products. Moreover, moisture loss was reduced in mulched containers. Mulches did not affect plant growth (dry biomass and height increase during growing season)
Non-chemical alternatives for weed control in containerized plants
No full textWeeds are a serious problem in nursery for container production, because air, nutrient and water are limited by the container volume. Chemical weeding is the main method to control weeds in nurseries but problems as proper calibration, herbicide run-off, need for multiple applications and product cost must be taken into account. The aim of this work was to investigate the degradation time and cost of some environmental-friendly materials used to control weeds in three widely used container-grown shrubs (Photinia ×fraseri 'Red Robin', Prunus laurocerasus 'Rotundifolia', Thuja plicata 'Atrovirens'). 120 plants per species were potted into 3 L containers. Four non-chemical mulching materials were used: 1) coconut fibre discs; 2) vegetal and synthetic fibre discs; 3) viscose fibre discs; 4) a mineral grain mixture without chemical additives (Gerval ®). The effectiveness of these materials was compared with a chemical control (oxadiazon) and with a hand weeding control. Weeds in container were counted and removed every 45 days during two growing seasons (2006 and 2007). Plant height and biomass were recorded at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Vegetal/synthetic fibre discs allowed a weed control as good as the chemical in all the species tested. Due to its short duration this material was replaced at the beginning of the second growing season. Coconut discs and Gerval ® assured a satisfying weed control. No differences between these treatments and vegetal/synthetic fibre discs were found. These materials were applied at the beginning of the experiment and were not replaced in the second year. Serious damages to the root flare were caused by Gerval ®. The viscose fibre discs did not allow a satisfying weed control, because of their quick degradation, and they had to be replaced during the trial. No significant differences in plant height and biomass production were found among treatments. Total cost of weed control (including installation) in the two years of the trial was 0.19 €/pot for coconut discs and 0.20 €/pot for vegetal/synthetic fibre discs. Chemical control allowed weed control with half of the cost, but this value does not take into account chemical externalities and a possible rise of resistances in weeds. Costs of Gerval ®, viscose fibre discs and manual weed removal did not give a result acceptable for nursery production
Biochar and green compost as peat alternatives in the cultivation of photinia and olive tree
No full textEvaluation of zero-runoff irrigation systems for containerized nursery production
No full textWater is a primary resource and its availability for ornamental industry will soon be reduced because of increasing costs and because of competition with other sectors. In addition, in nursery production a noteworthy amount of fertilizers is leached off in the environment with water, causing pollution of the superficial water bodies. Technologies able to rationalize both the irrigation and the fertilization, like closed-loop or capillary mat systems, are a possible solution to reduce both water use and fertilizer leaching. The aim of this study was to test different irrigation systems for nursery ornamental crops, analyzing also the problems linked to reuse of drained solutions. A traditional irrigation system (OI - overhead irrigation) was compared with two zero-runoff systems: A closed system (WR - overhead irrigation with recycling of runoff) and a sub-irrigation system with capillary mat (CM). For each system a 300 m 2 tunnel covered with an anti-hail net was used. About water consumption, CM allowed 26% water savings, while the WR system allowed the saving of 20% of the water. No differences in plant quality were observed among irrigation systems. In the zero-runoff systems economic and ecological benefits are clear. In particular, the system equipped with capillary mat showed the best performances
Effects of shading on growth, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of three container-grown shrubs
No full textThe aim of this work was to find the optimal level of irradiance for growth and leaf gas exchange in three container-grown widely-used ornamental shrubs (Rhododendron hybr. 'Orion', Choisya ternata H.B.K. and Viburnum ×pragense Vik). One-hundred and twenty rooted cuttings per each species were grown in shadehouses which provided different light environments (full sun, 30% shade and 60% shade). Light intensity was reduced by using commercially available shade material consisting of black woven polypropylene fabric that acted as a neutral filter to PAR. Standard commercial nursery production for fertilization, irrigation and pest control was followed. Plant height, dry weight, and shoot o root ratio were measured at the end of the growing season in 2005 and 2006. Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured in 2006. For Viburnum ×pragense the total leaf number per plant, mean area per leaf, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) were measured in 2005 and 2006. Rhododendron hybr. responded to shading by decreasing its transpiration and stomatal conductance. Shaded plants also had lower shoot and root dry weight. Shading increased carbon assimilation of Choisya ternata; plants of this species were also taller and had higher total plant shoot and root dry weights. Viburnum ×pragense showed a great adaptability to the different light environments. Plants grown in full sun and under 60% shade had similar plant dry weight and leaf gas exchange. Our results confirm that response to shade is species-specific. Rhododendron performed better in full sun. Choisya performed better under 60% shade, which may lead to water saving in nursery production of the species, without compromising plant quality. Viburnum can grow both in full sun and 60% shade. In this species, the most shaded plants also showed a higher number of leaves/plant, average leaf area, LAI and LAR especially in the second year
- …
