27 research outputs found
Opvallend, onhandig, onbesuisd of onzeker? psychomotorische kenmerken van kinderen met psychiatrische stoornissen
No full textSeasonality of weather and tree phenology in a tropical evergreen mountain rain forest
No full textBendix J, Homeier J, Ortiz EC, et al. Seasonality of weather and tree phenology in a tropical evergreen mountain rain forest. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2006;50(6):370-384.Flowering and fruiting as phenological events of 12 tree species in an evergreen tropical mountain rain forest in southern Ecuador were examined over a period of 3-4 years. Leaf shedding of two species was observed for 12 months. Parallel to the phenological recordings, meteorological parameters were monitored in detail and related to the flowering and fruiting activity of the trees. In spite of the perhumid climate of that area, a high degree of intra- and inter-specific synchronisation of phenological traits was apparent. With the exception of one species that flowered more or less continuously, two groups of trees could be observed, one of which flowered during the less humid months (September to October) while the second group started to initiate flowers towards the end of that phase and flowered during the heavy rains (April to July). As reflected by correlation coefficients, the all-time series of meteorological parameters showed a distinct seasonality of 8-12 months, apparently following the quasi-periodic oscillation of precipitation and related cloudiness. As revealed by power spectrum analysis and Markov persistence, rainfall and minimum temperature appear to be the only parameters with a periodicity free of long-term variations. The phenological events of most of the plant species showed a similar periodicity of 8-12 months, which followed the annual oscillation of relatively less and more humid periods and thus was in phase or in counter-phase with the oscillations of the meteorological parameters. Periods of unusual cold or dryness, presumably resulting from underlying longer-term trends or oscillations (such as ENSO), affected the homogeneity of quasi-12-month flowering events, fruit maturation and also the production of germinable seeds. Some species show underlying quasi-2-year-oscillations, for example that synchronise with the development of air temperature; others reveal an underlying decrease or increase in flowering activity over the observation period, influenced for instance by solar irradiance. As Ecuador suffers the highest rate of deforestation in South America, there is an urgent need for indigenous plant material for reforestation. A detailed knowledge of the biology of reproduction in relation to governing external factors (mainly climate) is thus required
Early onset psychosis
No full textBACKGROUND: There is little research on characteristics and prognosis of early onset psychosis (at the age of 12-18 years). AIM: To advance our knowledge of this disorder for the purpose of proper diagnosis and treatment. Premorbid and prodromal characteristics, treatment history, symptoms and classifications, and similarities and differences between subgroups with affective and with schizophrenic psychosis are focused on. METHOD: A chart review was constructed to study a group of 129 subjects with psychotic symptoms. RESULTS: The group was characterised by early -but non-specific - treatment, developmental problems (mostly social), and clear prodromes. Drug abuse, depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviour were also frequent. Male gender, a relatively long prodromal phase, school problems and drug abuse were more indicative for a schizophrenic subgroup. Introversion was characteristic for schizophrenic boys. Classificaties, however, were notstable. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that early identification of all early onset psychosis should take place in existing treatment settings. Careful examination of the prodromal phase seems helpful to differentiate between schizophrenic and affective psychosis, which is significant for both research as (early) intervention.</p
Psychosen bij jeugdigen
No full textBACKGROUND: There is little research on characteristics and prognosis of early onset psychosis (at the age of 12-18 years). AIM: To advance our knowledge of this disorder for the purpose of proper diagnosis and treatment. Premorbid and prodromal characteristics, treatment history, symptoms and classifications, and similarities and differences between subgroups with affective and with schizophrenic psychosis are focused on. METHOD: A chart review was constructed to study a group of 129 subjects with psychotic symptoms. RESULTS: The group was characterised by early -but non-specific - treatment, developmental problems (mostly social), and clear prodromes. Drug abuse, depressive symptoms and suicidal behaviour were also frequent. Male gender, a relatively long prodromal phase, school problems and drug abuse were more indicative for a schizophrenic subgroup. Introversion was characteristic for schizophrenic boys. Classificaties, however, were notstable. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that early identification of all early onset psychosis should take place in existing treatment settings. Careful examination of the prodromal phase seems helpful to differentiate between schizophrenic and affective psychosis, which is significant for both research as (early) intervention
Clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with borderline intellectual functioning or mild intellectual disability:an overview of the literature
No full textBACKGROUND: Sexual abuse in individuals with (above) average iq is associated with a wide range of behavioural and psychological clinical characteristics, including characteristics regarding body experience. However, research on the clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with borderline intellectual functioning or mild intellectual disability (bif-mid) is scarce. OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the literature on the clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with bif-mid.<br/> METHOD: PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, cinahl, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for relevant publications using terms related to 'intellectual disability' and 'sexual abuse'. <br/> RESULTS: Seven studies were included. The studies in question mostly reported behavioural and psychological characteristics such as challenging behaviour, sexualised behaviour or posttraumatic stress, anxiety or depressive symptoms associated with sexual abuse in individuals with bif-mid. None of the studies reported problems regarding body experience. CONCLUSIONS Sexual abuse in individuals with bif-mid is associated with a broad range of behavioural and psychological characteristics similar to that of individuals with (above) average iq. Whether sexually abused individuals with bif-mid have similar problems in body experience as sexually abused individuals with (higher than) average iq needs to be investigated.</p
Gross motor performance and physical fitness in children with psychiatric disorders
No full text0.05) than the population norm score. Physical fitness was poor in all subgroups. The subdomains locomotion and object control were unusually highly correlated in the PDD group (r=0.68). Moreover, only in the PDD group were the locomotion scores significantly correlated with neuromotor fitness (r=0.47, p=0.02). Interpretation The specific combinations of impairments in gross motor skills and physical fitness in children with psychiatric disorders indicate the importance of the assessment of these domains in order to provide interventions tailored to the specific profile of each individual child
Clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with borderline intellectual functioning or mild intellectual disability:an overview of the literature
No full textBACKGROUND: Sexual abuse in individuals with (above) average iq is associated with a wide range of behavioural and psychological clinical characteristics, including characteristics regarding body experience. However, research on the clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with borderline intellectual functioning or mild intellectual disability (bif-mid) is scarce. OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the literature on the clinical characteristics of sexually abused individuals with bif-mid.<br/> METHOD: PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, cinahl, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched for relevant publications using terms related to 'intellectual disability' and 'sexual abuse'. <br/> RESULTS: Seven studies were included. The studies in question mostly reported behavioural and psychological characteristics such as challenging behaviour, sexualised behaviour or posttraumatic stress, anxiety or depressive symptoms associated with sexual abuse in individuals with bif-mid. None of the studies reported problems regarding body experience. CONCLUSIONS Sexual abuse in individuals with bif-mid is associated with a broad range of behavioural and psychological characteristics similar to that of individuals with (above) average iq. Whether sexually abused individuals with bif-mid have similar problems in body experience as sexually abused individuals with (higher than) average iq needs to be investigated.</p
Clinical characteristics of individuals with intellectual disability who have experienced sexual abuse. An overview of the literature
No full textBackground: Sexual abuse in individuals with average IQ or above is associated with a wide range of behavioural, psychological and body-related characteristics. It is unknown whether individuals with intellectual disability (ID) and a history of sexual abuse suffer from similar clinical characteristics. Objective: The aim of the review is to provide an overview of the literature on the clinical characteristics of individuals with ID who have experienced sexual abuse. Method: PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Web of Sciences were searched for relevant publications using terms related to concepts of “intellectual disability” and “sexual abuse”. Two independent reviewers screened and selected articles for inclusion in the study, resulting in seven studies. Results: The studies mostly reported behavioural and psychological characteristics such as aggression, self-injury, or posttraumatic stress, anxiety or depressive symptoms associated with sexual abuse in individuals with ID. None mentioned body-related characteristics. Conclusions: Similar to individuals with average IQ or above, sexual abuse in individuals with ID is associated with a broad range of behavioural and psychological characteristics. Conduct disorders, self-injury, inappropriate sexualised talk and poor feelings of personal safety seem to be more indicative for the ID population. Anxiety, depression and PTSD are prevalent in individuals with and without ID who both have experienced sexual abuse. Whether individuals with ID experience body-related characteristics is unclear.</p
