8,521 research outputs found
Purchasing power parity in G-7 countries: Further evidence based on ADL test for threshold cointegration
No full textThis study applies a newly-developed Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ADL) test for threshold cointegration, proposed by Li and Lee (2010) to test the validity of long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) for G-7 countries over the January 1994 to April 2010. The empirical results indicate that PPP only holds true for Canada and France two countries. Our results have important policy implications for the G-7 countries under study.Purchasing Power Parity; G-7 Countries; ADL Test; Threshold Cointegration
Constructing active architectures in the ArchWare ADL
No full textSubmitted to ICSE 2004Software that cannot change is condemned to atrophy: it cannot accommodate the constant revision and re-negotiation of its business goals nor intercept the potential of new technology. To accommodate change in such systems we have defined an active software architecture to be: dynamic in that the structure and cardinality of the components and interactions are not statically known; updatable in that components can be replaced dynamically; and evolvable in that it permits its executing specification to be changed. Here we describe the facilities of the ArchWare architecture description language (ADL) for specifying active architectures. The contribution of the work is the unique combination of concepts including: a pi-calculus based communication and expression language for specifying executable architectures; hyper-code as an underlying representation of system execution; a decomposition operator to break up and introspect on executing systems; and structural reflection for creating new components and binding them into running systems
ArchWare ADL release 1 : A user reference manual
No full textThis documentation of deliverable D4.3 is intended to serve as a user reference manual for the first release of ArchWare ADL
Sociodemographic Effects on the Onset and Recovery of ADL Disability among Chinese Oldest-old
No full textBy pooling the data from the three waves (1998, 2000, and 2002) of the Chinese Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey, this study examines the association of sociodemographic factors with the onset and recovery of ADL disability including changes in functional status before dying. The results show that the sociodemographic factors play some specific roles in disability dynamics at very high ages even after controlling for a rich set of confounders. Our results also point out that the conventional method, which excludes the information of ADL changes before dying due to unavailability of the data, overestimates the effects of age, gender, ethnicity, and living alone on disability transitions whereas it underestimates the effects of SES, although such discrepancies are not very big compared with the results including information of ADL changes before dying.ADL disability, China, oldest old, socio-demographic effect
Support for evolving software architectures in the ArchWare ADL
No full textSoftware that cannot evolve is condemned to atrophy: it cannot accommodate the constant revision and re-negotiation of its business goals nor intercept the potential of new technology. To accommodate change in software systems we have defined an active software architecture to be: dynamic in that the structure and cardinality of the components and interactions are changeable during execution; updatable in that components can be replaced; decomposable in that an executing system may be (partially) stopped and split up into its components and interactions; and reflective in that the specification of components and interactions may be evolved during execution. Here we describe the facilities of the ArchWare architecture description language (ADL) for specifying active architectures. The contribution of the work is the unique combination of concepts including: a pi-calculus based communication and expression language for specifying executable architectures; hyper-code as an underlying representation of system execution that can be used for introspection; a decomposition operator to incrementally break up executing systems; and structural reflection for creating new components and binding them into running systems
ABC/ADL: An ADL Supporting Component Composition
No full textArchitecture Description Language (ADL) is one of the keys to software architecture research, but most attention was paid to the description of software structure and high-level analysis of some system properties, while the ability to support refinement and implementation of Software Architecture (SA) models was ignored. In this paper, we present the ABC/ADL, an ADL supporting component composition. Besides the capability of architecting software systems, it provides support to the automated application generation based on SA model via mapping rules and customizable connectors
ADL and Cognitive Function in Chinese Elderly: Mediating Role of Social Participation and Moderating Role of Intergenerational Support
No full textWanling Li,1,2,&ast; Dinuo Xin,2,&ast; Xiaofang Feng,2 Yueqin Li,2 Wenjuan Zhu,2 Jiajia Xu,2 Shiyu Yin1 1Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shiyu Yin, Department of Nursing, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-18834896110, Email [email protected] Jiajia Xu, Department of Nursing, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-351-8379512, Email [email protected]: This study aimed to explore the relationship between activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive function in Chinese elderly, and to analyze in depth the mediating and moderating roles of social participation and children’s intergenerational support in this relationship, in order to provide a reference basis for delaying cognitive decline in the elderly.Patients and Methods: Based on data from the 2020 wave of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS 2020), this study included 5612 subjects aged 60 years and older, and extracted main variables such as demographic information, ADL, social participation, cognitive function, and children’s intergenerational support. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation analysis in SPSS 27.0 were used to analyze the relationship between the main variables, and regression and Bootstrap analysis in SPSS 27.0 PROCESS macro (Model 4 and Model 14) were further used to analyze the mediating and moderating effects.Results: Among Chinese elderly, ADL significantly positively correlated with social participation (r = 0.086, P < 0.001) and cognitive function (r = 0.193, P < 0.001), and social participation significantly positively correlated with cognitive function (r = 0.144, P < 0.001). Social participation partially mediated the relationship between ADL and cognitive function (β = − 0.202, P < 0.001), accounting for 5.74% of the total effect. Moreover, children’s intergenerational support negatively moderated the relationship between social participation and cognitive function (β = − 0.182, P < 0.001). Thus, a moderated mediation model was developed.Conclusion: ADL can affect cognitive function directly or indirectly through social participation in elderly. Furthermore, children’s intergenerational support plays a negative moderating role in this mechanism. Therefore, governments, hospitals, communities, and families should provide personalized intervention strategies for elderly to delay cognitive decline and promote healthy aging through early prevention of ADL impairment, promotion of social participation, and optimization of family support.Keywords: activities of daily living, cognitive function, elderly, social participation, intergenerational suppor
ADL prevalence of disability (n = 14,292).
No full text<p>Bars show the disabled prevalence of each ADL item among 14,292 participants. ADL refers to activities of daily living.</p
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