24,559 research outputs found
Corethrella borkenti Amaral & Pinho 2015
No full textCorethrella borkenti Amaral & Pinho, 2015 Material examined. 2 males, Uruçuca (BA), S14°29’43” W39°08’22”, 205m a.s.l., 31.X.2016, Light trap, LOA team (col.); 1 female, São Francisco do Sul (SC), S27°44’01” W48°48’45”, 248m a.s.l., 22.VII.2014, Siphon bottle (bromeliad), LC Pinho et al. (col.). Distribution. Brazil (BA*, SC).Published as part of Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2019, Four new species and some new records of Brazilian frog-biting midges (Diptera Corethrellidae), pp. 103-120 in Zootaxa 4706 (1) on page 105, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4706.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/356511
Corethrella (Corethrella) yanomami Amaral, Mariano & Pinho 2019
No full text<p> <i>Corethrella</i> (<i>Corethrella</i>) <i>yanomami</i> Amaral, Mariano & Pinho, 2019</p> <p>Fig. 43; Appendix 1</p> Material examined <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Amazonas State</b> • ♀, adult; Barcelos, Parque Estadual Serra do Aracá, Igarapé da anta (banho), S02; 00°54ʹ30ʺ N, 63°26ʹ24ʺ W; 1105 m a.s.l.; 25 Jul. 2009; N. Hamada <i>et al.</i> leg.; Pennsylvania trap; INPA.</p> Description <p> <b>Female adult</b> (n = 1)</p> <p> HEAD (Fig. 43A). <b>Sensilla</b>: Ocular row with 1 thick offset seta on ventral part, 1 more dorsal, and 12 setae shortly extending posteriorly. Subocular row not well-defined anteriorly, with 8 slender posterior setae; vertex with a few additional slender setae. Postgenal row with 10 slender setae, ranging from posterior end of ocular row to subventrally. With 2 thick ventromedial setae.</p> <p> THORAX (Fig. 43B). <b>Sensilla</b>: Antepronotum with 1 slender anterodorsal seta and 4 intermediate setae ventrolaterally. Postpronotum with 1 thick, 1 intermediate, and 1 slender dorsal setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 2 thick setae near prescutal suture and 3 slender ones more posteriorly; anterior portion with 4 slender ventral setae. Antealar area with 10 thick/intermediate and 7 slender setae scattered on ventral part. Supraalar area with 1 thick seta, surrounded by 9 slender setae. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with cluster of 5 thick setae; about 18 thick/intermediate and approximately 31 slender setae completing row. Scutellum with 8 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with 5 slender setae.</p> <p> WING. R 3 /R 1: 0.59; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.59.</p> <p> LEGS. Empodium (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2019: 115, as fig. 7f) of intermediate length and thickness, with 3 branches. Ta1/Ta2: 2.86; Ta3/Ta4: 1.25.</p> Distribution and biology <p> The specimen examined is the holotype, described in Amaral <i>et al.</i> (2019): “This species is known from a single female specimen collected with a light trap in Barcelos municipality, Amazonas state. Aracá State Park is in a mountainous region of Amazon forest, the Tepuis, near the Brazilian border with Venezuela.” The altitude recorded was 1105 m a.s.l.</p> Remarks <p> Four specimens collected with light trap in Uruçuca, Bahia keyed out to <i>Corethrella yanomami</i> but differed with regard to the number of clypeal setae (3–4), posterior dorsocentral setae (3–4), flagellomere VIII without a sensillum coeloconicum, and empodium with two branches. These differences may represent intraspecific variation, but conservatively, they were not included in the present study. Since <i>C. yanomami</i> was described based on a single specimen, it is important to try to collect more individuals at the type locality in order to better assess the morphological variation of the species.</p>Published as part of <i>Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1)</i> on pages 87-88, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8037742">http://zenodo.org/record/8037742</a>
Corethrella (Corethrella) munteantaroku Amaral, Mariano & Pinho 2019
No full text<p> <i>Corethrella</i> (<i>Corethrella</i>) <i>munteantaroku</i> Amaral, Mariano & Pinho, 2019</p> <p>Fig. 17; Appendix 1</p> Material examined <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Amazonas State</b> • 1 ♂, adult; Manaus, Res. Adolpho Ducke, Barro Branco; 2°55ʹ47ʺ S, 59°58ʹ22ʺ W; 73 m a.s.l.; 4–8 Nov. 2010; Pinho and Mendes leg.; Malaise, “ 100 m acima da ponte” [100 m ahead of the bridge]; INPA.</p> Description <p> <b>Male adult</b> (n = 1)</p> <p> HEAD (Fig. 17A). <b>Sensilla</b>: Ocular row with 2 thick offset setae at ventral part, 13 extending little beyond vertex. Subocular row indistinct, interocular space and vertex with few slender setae. Postgenal row with 15 slender setae, from mid-posterior to ventral portions. With 1 thick ventromedial seta.</p> <p> THORAX (Fig. 17B). <b>Sensilla</b>: Antepronotum with 3 slender setae anteriorly located. Postpronotum with 1 thick and 2 slender dorsal setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 7 thick and 3 slender setae clustered on anteroventral portion; 2 thick and 1 intermediate setae more posterodorsally. Antealar area with 11 thick/intermediate and 5 slender setae grouped posteroventrally. Supraalar area with 4 thick setae surrounded by 4 slender setae. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with 8 longitudinally aligned thick setae; additionally, 26 thick/intermediate and 9 slender setae completing the row. Scutellum with 12 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum with 3 slender dorsal setae. Anepimeron bare.</p> <p>WING. R 3 /R 1: 0.45; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.63.</p> <p> LEGS. Empodium (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2019: 108, fig. 2d) of intermediate length, slender, with two branches. Ta1/Ta2: 2.00; Ta3/Ta4: 1.30.</p> Distribution and biology <p> This study examined the holotype of <i>Corethrella munteantaroku</i> Amaral <i>et al.</i>, 2019. From the original description: “This species is known only from the single individual collected with a Malaise trap at the type locality, the Barro Branco stream, in Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve, Manaus, AM. Barro Branco is a slow flowing, shallow stream, approximately 2m meters wide. It is surrounded by a fragment of Amazon rainforest just outside the limits of Manaus urban area.”</p> Remarks <p> Amaral <i>et. al.</i> (2019) described the posterior portion of the dorsocentral row as bearing one thick offset seta. This character is newly interpreted here. For a more detailed discussion, see Morphology remarks below. <i>Corethrella munteantaroku</i> was hypothesized as closely related to <i>C. blanda</i> Dyar, 1928 and <i>C. pallida</i> Lane, 1942, due to the presence of a wing band and anteromedial spicules on the gonocoxite (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2019). Nevetheless, its short, slender, and two-branched empodium is more similar to the ones found in <i>C. alticola</i>, <i>C. amazonica</i> Lane, 1939, and <i>C. davisi</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1)</i> on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8037742">http://zenodo.org/record/8037742</a>
Corethrella (Corethrella) cambirela Amaral, Mariano & Pinho 2019
No full text<p> <i>Corethrella</i> (<i>Corethrella</i>) <i>cambirela</i> Amaral, Mariano & Pinho, 2019</p> <p>Fig. 42; Appendix 1</p> Material examined <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • ♂, adult; Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Plaza Caldas; 27°44ʹ30ʺ S, 48°48ʹ25ʺ W; 424 m a.s.l.; 9–10 Aug. 2017; L.C. Pinho <i>et al.</i> leg.; CDC trap; MZUSP.</p> <p> <b>Allotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • ♀, adult; Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Plaza Caldas; 27°44ʹ35ʺ S, 48°48ʹ27ʺ W; 433 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2013; A. Ambrozio-Assis leg.; frog-call trap (<i>Physalaemus lateristriga</i>) 2ª3; MZUSP.</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • 2 ♂♂, adults; same collection data as for holotype; CE-MHS. • 1 ♀, adult; same collection data as for allotype, except 31 Mar. 2013; frog-call trap (<i>Hypsiboas poaju</i>); CE-MHS.</p> Description <p> <b>Male and female adults</b> (3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀)</p> <p> HEAD. <b>Sensilla</b> (Fig. 42A): Ocular row with 1 thick offset seta at ventral part, 1 more dorsal, and 14 setae shortly extending posteriorly. Subocular row not well-defined, interocular space and vertex with a few slender setae. Postgenal row with 5–6 intermediate setae at mid-posterior portion. With 2 thick ventromedial setae.</p> <p> THORAX. <b>Sensilla</b> (Fig. 42B): Antepronotum with 4–7 slender setae along anterior and ventral margins. Postpronotum with 1 thick, 1 intermediate, and 2–3 slender dorsal setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 3 thick setae near prescutal suture and 7–12 slender/intermediate setae near anterior portion of dorsocentral row. Antealar area with 3 thick and 0–2 intermediate setae vertically aligned on anterior portion, 6–8 thick/intermediate setae ventrally located, forming a U-shape; 4–6 scattered slender setae. Supraalar area with 2–3 thick setae surrounded by 6–8 slender setae. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with cluster of 3–4 thick and 1–3 slender setae; about 15–22 thick/intermediate and approximately 13–19 slender completing row. Scutellum with 10–11 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with 4–7 slender setae.</p> <p> WING. Male R 3 /R 1: 0.52 (0.50–0.54); R 2+3 /R 2: 0.63 (0.58–0.68). Female R 3 /R 1: 0.59–0.63; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.44– 0.52.</p> <p> LEGS. Empodium (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2019: 115, fig. 7f) of intermediate length and thickness, with 3 branches. Male Ta1/Ta2: 2.67 (2.56–2.86); Ta3/Ta4: 0.54 (0.50–0.57). Female Ta1/Ta2: 2.71–2.78; Ta3/Ta4: 1.08– 1.09.</p> Distribution and biology <p> The specimens studied here constitute the type series recorded in Amaral <i>et al.</i> (2019): “This species is known from two females collected in frog-call traps playing the call of <i>Physalaemus lateristriga</i> (Steindachner) and <i>Boana poaju</i> (Garcia, Peixoto & Haddad), and five males collected using a CDC trap. So far this species is restricted to Serra do Tabuleiro State Park, in Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, SC, at elevations of 425– 434 m.”</p> Remarks <p> In the original description, Amaral <i>et al.</i> (2019) stated that three posterior setae are present in the dorsocentral row. This study interprets this character differently, now considering it as 4 thick setae. The position of this species in the phylogeny is not certain, although, considering the three-branched empodium, male abdominal segment VIII pale and the setae on the antealar area, it might belong within the <i>ananacola – fulva</i> clade (Borkent 2008). The absence of a pigmentation pattern on the wing is a synapomorphy for a more inclusive clade, the <i>tarsata – fulva</i> clade, although <i>Corethrella cambirela</i> does not have other apomorphic states shared by the species in this clade, such as two bold ventral setae in the ocular row, the scutellum with a dark anteromedial spot, or the gonocoxite more darkly pigmented posteriorly or posterolaterally.</p>Published as part of <i>Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1)</i> on pages 85-87, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8037742">http://zenodo.org/record/8037742</a>
Corethrella (Corethrella) borkenti Amaral & Pinho 2015
No full textCorethrella (Corethrella) borkenti Amaral & Pinho, 2015 Fig. 41; Appendix 1 Diagnosis Larva Only bromeliculous species with the following combination of characters: head mostly pale, but mandible, maxilla, segment X, and siphon more darkly pigmented (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 19); postmentum elongate, with margins almost parallel up to basal 0.6, strongly tapering distally (Fig. 41D); prementum with 12–14 darkly pigmented teeth (Fig. 41D); central tooth large, second small, third large and remaining ones gradually decreasing in size (Fig. 41D); seta 15-C bifurcated or forked. Pupa Only bromeliculous species with the following combination of characters: exuvia medium brown (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 16), abdomen elongate and tapering, darker mesially; abdominal segments little expanded laterally, with one dorsal and one lateral well-developed setae (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 18) on each of segments II–VII (these setae longer than respective segments, largest ones about twice as long); dorsal setae progressively shorter from V–VII; all setae darkly pigmented; respiratory organ tubular, very elongate, expanded at apex (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 17). Material examined BRAZIL – Bahia State • 1 ♂, adult; Ilhéus, UESC Max de Menezes; 14°47ʹ54ʺ S, 39°10ʹ24ʺ W; 21 May 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; Mirco’s bromeliad; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Ilhéus, Cabruca da UESC; 14°47ʹ48ʺ S, 39°10ʹ20ʺ W; 35 m a.s.l.; 16 May 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Porto Seguro, RPPN Estação Veracel, Trilha 12-09; 16°19ʹ38ʺ S, 39°07ʹ22ʺ W; 73 m a.s.l.; 28 Aug. 2019; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS. – Santa Catarina State • 1 ♀, adult; Grão Pará, Parque Estadual Serra Furada, CAPEA stream; 28°11ʹ26ʺ S, 49°23ʹ30ʺ W; 16 Nov. 2012 – 7 Jan. 2013; L.C. Pinho, M.C. Novaes and M.F. Haddad leg.; Malaise trap; CE-MHS • 1 ♀, adult, with larval and pupal exuviae; Florianópolis, Pantanal, Rua Sulcar; 27°36ʹ35ʺ S, 48°30ʹ57ʺ W; 53 m a.s.l.; 21 Jul. 2016; A.P. Amaral leg.; bromeliad; CE-MHS. Description Male and female adults (1 ♂, 4 ♀♀) HEAD. Sensilla (Fig. 41A): Ocular row with 1 thick offset seta at ventral part and 1 more dorsally, followed by 13–15 setae shortly extending posteriorly. Subocular row well-defined with about 20 slender setae from interocular space to posterior portion. Vertex with a few scattered setae. Postgenal row with 6–15 slender setae, ranging from mid-posterior portion of head to ventromedially. With 2 thick ventromedial setae. THORAX. Sensilla (Fig. 41B): Antepronotum with 1–2 dorsal and 3–7 anteroventral intermediate setae. Postpronotum with 1 thick dorsal, 1 slender anterodorsal, and 4–5 more ventrally located setae. Scutum, prescutal area with 2 thick and 2–4 intermediate setae, dorsoventrally aligned near prescutal suture; 0–7 intermediate/slender anterior setae. Antealar area with cluster of about 5–7 thick, 4–8 intermediate, and 6–9 slender setae located ventrally; 11–25 slender dorsal setae. Supraalar area with 3–4 thick and 0–1 intermediate setae aligned longitudinally, about 6–9 slender setae surrounding. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with cluster of 4–6 thick and about 3–7 slender setae; approximately 17–23 thick/ intermediate and 38–41 slender filling row. Scutellum with 12–14 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum bare. Anepimeron with 5–17 slender setae. WING. Male R 3 /R 1: 0.40; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.94. Female R 3 /R 1: 0.51 (0.47–0.55); R 2+3 /R 2: 0.66 (0.59–0.73). LEGS. Empodium (Fig. 41C) of intermediate length and thickness, with 5 branches. Male Ta1/Ta2: 3.00; Ta3/Ta4: 1.60. Female Ta1/Ta2: 2.90 (2.71–3.00); Ta3/Ta4: 1.09 (1.08–1.13). Larva (n = 3) EXUVIA (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 19). Head mostly pale; mandible, maxilla, segment X, and siphon more darkly pigmented; without tergal plates. HEAD (Fig. 41D). Wide, somewhat round in dorsoventral view, 1.22 (1.19–1.25) times as wide as long. Antenna 0.41 (0.40–0.41) times length of head; antennal groove 1.36 (1.25–1.48) times length of antenna. Ventral margin of antennal groove serrate. Postmentum elongate, with margins almost parallel until basal 0.6, strongly tapering distally; 1.13 (1.11–1.14) times as wide as long; length 0.58 (0.57–0.59) of head. Prementum (Amaral & Pinho 2015: figs 21–22) curved, with 12–14 darkly pigmented teeth; central tooth largest, second tooth small, third large, remaining ones gradually smaller.Anteroventral projection of gena strongly projected anteriorly, surface smooth. Postcoila extending to lateral margin of gena. Subgenal carina without spinules. Crown with 13–17 regularly distributed spines, sizes growing towards lateral, ventral spines shortest; largest spine 0.08 mm (0.07–0.09) long. Seta 16-C anterolateral to crown. Mandible, apical tooth 1.62 (1.43–1.83) times length of first dorsal tooth; seta 3-Mn 0.43 (0.42–0.43) times length of 4-Mn; lacinia mobilis with 8 blades; mandibular lobe well-developed, pale, contiguous to teeth. Sensilla: 9-C short, fan-like; 10-C elongate, simple; 11-C elongate, simple or forked; 12-C elongate, simple; 13-C short, fan-like; 14-C moderately elongate, simple; 15-C moderately elongate, bifurcated or forked; 16-C elongate, bifurcated. 0a-Mn short, fan-like; 0b-Mn elongate, simple. 6-Mx short, bifurcated; 4-Mx moderately elongate, simple; 5-Mx short, fan-like. SIPHON (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 28). 0.32 mm (0.30–0.34) long. Seta 1 forked, situated at 0.19 (0.11–0.26) of length from base; 6-S pale, 9-S darkly pigmented; length of 6-S/9-S: 0.54 (0.48–0.60). Pupa (n = 3) EXUVIA (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 16). Medium brown, with abdominal segments II–VII darker mesially; setae darkly pigmented, except cephalothorax dorsal 1, setae on terminal process lightly pigmented. CEPHALOTHORAX. Length 1.32 mm (1.17–1.61). Dorsal seta 1 pale, short, moderately thick; about one length apart from dorsal 2; dorsal 2 darkly pigmented, of same basal thickness, about four times as long; both setae arising from undifferentiated cuticle. Metathoracic 2 and supraalar 2 sensilla present. Metathoracic seta 1 short, simple. ABDOMEN (Amaral & Pinho 2015: fig. 18). Elongate, tapering from IV–VII, dorsal tegument smooth; length of segments I–VIII: 1.37 mm (1.17–1.73), width/length: 0.54 (0.49–0.58). Margins serrate, moderately expanded laterally, somewhat posteriorly from VI–VIII. Largest seta L-2-II, 1.79 (1.68– 1.94) times length of segment. Terminal process moderately elongate, basal width 0.70 (0.67–0.72) of length, with paddles moderately tapering from base; D-1-IX short, at about 0.50 from base; apical spine articulated; ventroapical seta V-1-IX about 3 times as long as apical spine; female genital lobe tapered at midlength, distinctly narrower than base of paddles; genital lobe elongate in male, slightly tapering, extending to half length of paddles. Chaetotaxy as illustrated. Distribution and biology Examined individuals with their associated exuviae were collected as larvae from bromeliads in the Atlantic forest of Santa Catarina and Bahia states. Adults were collected with light traps (Amaral et al. 2019). This species has been recorded at altitudes ranging from 35 to 248 m a.s.l. Remarks In the original description, Amaral & Pinho (2015) recognized as a diagnostic feature of the species the exceptionally elongate pupal respiratory organ, with a length 13–18 times its basal width. The specimens examined here show a less elongated respiratory organ, with a length/width ratio ranging from 9.5 to 13. The other diagnostic features of immatures and adults, however, made it possible to confidently identify the specimens. Moreover, in the original description, the long lateral seta on the abdomen of the pupa is indicated as L-4, but we here reinterpret it as an L-2 seta. One of the specimens seems to have trifid branches on the empodium, although the position of the legs on the microscope slide make it difficult to confirm this.Published as part of Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1) on pages 82-85, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, http://zenodo.org/record/803774
Corethrella (Corethrella) xokleng Amaral, Mariano & Pinho 2019
No full text<p> <i>Corethrella</i> (<i>Corethrella</i>) <i>xokleng</i> Amaral, Mariano & Pinho, 2019 Fig. 13; Appendix 1</p> Material examined <p> <b>Holotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • 1 ♂, adult; Grão Pará, Rio Três Barras; 28°12ʹ44ʺ S, 49°27ʹ28ʺ W; 15 Nov. 2012; L.C. Pinho, L.S. Gomes and A.L. Schlindwein leg.; light trap; MZUSP.</p> <p> <b>Allotype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • 1 ♀, adult; same collection data as for holotype, except Rio Braço Esquerdo; 28°09ʹ01ʺ S, 49°21ʹ21ʺ W; 16 Nov. 2012; MZUSP.</p> <p> <b>Paratype</b></p> <p> BRAZIL – <b>Santa Catarina State</b> • 1 ♀, adult; same collection data as for allotype; CE-MHS.</p> Description <p> <b>Male and female adults</b> (1 ♂, 2 ♀♀)</p> <p> HEAD (Fig. 13A). <b>Sensilla</b>: Ocular row with 2 thick slightly offset setae at ventral portion, more dorsally about 15 setae extending to mid-posterior portion of head. Subocular row not well-defined anteriorly, with about 10 slender posterior setae. Vertex with a few additional setae. Postgenal row with about 12 slender setae ranging from posterior end of ocular row to ventromedially. With 3 thick ventromedial setae.</p> <p> THORAX (Fig. 13B). <b>Sensilla</b>: Antepronotum with 3–4 slender lateral setae. Postpronotum with 1–2 thick and 2–5 intermediate/slender dorsal setae. Scutum, prescutal area with about 8–13 thick and 8–12 slender setae dorsally located, difficult to distinguish from anterior portion of dorsocentral row. Antealar area with 1 anterodorsal seta, 3–5 thick ventral setae, and 24–34 intermediate/slender setae spread from ventral to dorsal portions, reaching dorsocentral row. Supraalar area with 3 thick central setae, with 8–12 slender setae surrounding. Dorsocentral row, posterior part with 3 thick and 1–2 intermediate offset setae; about 20–25 thick and 24–30 slender setae filling the row. Scutellum with 6–7 thick setae. Posterior anepisternum with 4–5 slender dorsal setae. Anepimeron with 1 intermediate and 0–1 slender setae.</p> <p>WING. Male R 3 /R 1: 0.41; R 2+3 /R 2: 1.14. Female R 3 /R 1: 0.57–0.58; R 2+3 /R 2: 0.48–0.49.</p> <p> LEGS. Empodium (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2019: 112, fig. 4e) elongate and thick, with 9–10 branches. Male Ta1/ Ta2: 2.92; Ta3/Ta4: 1.29. Female Ta1/Ta2: 3.21–3.25; Ta3/Ta4: 1.00–1.22.</p> Distribution and biology <p> The examined specimens belong to the type series described by Amaral <i>et al.</i> (2019): “This species is known from three individuals (two females and one male) collected in light traps from type locality, Serra Furada State Park, in Grão Pará, SC, at elevations of 355– 354 m. Serra Furada is a region of Atlantic forest, interspersed with large areas of <i>Eucalyptus</i> cultivation, near the transition to <i>Araucaria</i> Forest at higher altitudes. The rivers where traps were set are gravel-bed streams, 4–6 m wide and about 1 m deep.”</p>Published as part of <i>Amaral, André P., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinho, Luiz Carlos, 2023, Description of five new species of frog-biting midges (Diptera, Corethrellidae) from Brazil and examination of new morphological characters with utility for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, pp. 1-120 in European Journal of Taxonomy 874 (1)</i> on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.874.2135, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8037742">http://zenodo.org/record/8037742</a>
Ernesto Amaral: The Influence of Demographic Transitions on Economic Development in Brazil
No full text<p>Ernesto Amaral discussed the influence of demographic transition on economic development in Brazil. Amaral is a professor at the Federal University of Minas Gerais in Brazil. He received his Ph.D. in sociology with a concentration in demography from the University of Texas at Austin.</p
Guimerà - Amaral cartography: nodes role.
No full text<p>Guimerà - Amaral cartography: nodes role.</p
Guimerà-Amaral cartography for hemoglobin.
No full text<p>A) X-ray-resolved molecular structure of hemoglobin protein (source Protein Data Bank PDB). B) Guimerà-Amaral cartography for hemoglobin; clusters are computed by spectral clustering algorithm. C) Hemoglobin protein contact network. The nodes colors correspond to their Guimerà-Amaral role.</p
Millepora laboreli Amaral, Steiner, Broadhurst & Cairns 2008
No full text<i>Millepora laboreli</i> Amaral, Steiner, Broadhurst & Cairns, 2008 <p> Synonyms in the area: <i>Millepora</i> sp. 2—Amaral 1997; Moura <i>et al</i>. 1999; Castro & Pires 2001 [polyp]. Remarks: species considered endemic to Parcel do Manuel Luís, Brazil (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2008). Distribution in South America: polyp—Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, at 0.49°S 44.75°W (Moura <i>et al.</i> 1999; Castro & Pires 2001; Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2008).</p> <p> Habitat: polyp—on calcareous algae and bryozoans (Amaral <i>et al.</i> 2008).</p>Published as part of <i>OLIVEIRA, OTTO M. P., MIRANDA, THAÍS P., ARAUJO, ENILMA M., AYÓN, PATRICIA, CEDEÑO-POSSO, CRISTINA M., CEPEDA-MERCADO, AMANCAY A., CÓRDOVA, PABLO, CUNHA, AMANDA F., GENZANO, GABRIEL N., HADDAD, MARIA ANGÉLICA, MIANZAN, HERMES W., MIGOTTO, ALVARO E., MIRANDA, LUCÍLIA S., MORANDINI, ANDRÉ C., NAGATA, RENATO M., NASCIMENTO, KARINE B., JÚNIOR, MIODELI NOGUEIRA, PALMA, SERGIO, QUIÑONES, JAVIER, RODRIGUEZ, CAROLINA S., SCARABINO, FABRIZIO, SCHIARITI, AGUSTÍN, STAMPAR, SÉRGIO N., TRONOLONE, VALQUÍRIA B. & MARQUES, ANTONIO C., 2016, Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters, pp. 1-256 in Zootaxa 4194 (1)</i> on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4194.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10068449">http://zenodo.org/record/10068449</a>
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