50 research outputs found
Response to Letter to the Editor: ‘Autologous chondrocyte implantation for the treatment of cartilage lesions; randomized control trials assessed in a systematic review’
No full textResponse to Letter to the Editor: ‘Assessing the quality of randomization and allocation concealment’
No full text(NE)ADEKVATNOST REGULACIJE PRODUŽENJA PRITVORA OD STRANE VRHOVNOG SUDA REPUBLIKE SLOVENIJE
No full textAt the normative and practical level, the article analyses the regulation of Article 20 of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, which vests in the Supreme Court of the Republic of Slovenia the power to extend pre-trial detention during the criminal investigation phase for a maximum of three months. From the perspective of comparative law, this is a Slovenian peculiarity. The author argues that the current regulation is systemically inadequate, and fails to guarantee the highest level of human rights protection for the detained individual. The following objections support this thesis: the Supreme Court’s power to extend pre-trial detention is inconsistent with the fundamental role of this court; the arrangement prevents the defendant from filing a comprehensive legal appeal; it does not enhance the perception of impartiality in trials or trust in the judiciary; and it is unnecessary for developing case law in the area of deprivation of liberty. The article proposes alternative solutions that would better align with the Supreme Court’s role and adhere more closely to the original intent of ensuring the highest level of human rights protection in pre-trial detention decisions.Na normativnoj i praktičnoj razini, u radu se analizira uređenje članka 20. Ustava Republike Slovenije, koji daje Vrhovnom sudu Republike Slovenije ovlast produljiti pritvor tijekom faze kaznene istrage za najviše tri mjeseca. Iz perspektive komparativnog prava, ovo je slovenska osobitost. Autor tvrdi da je važeće uređenje sistemski neadekvatno i ne jamči najvišu razinu zaštite ljudskih prava pritvorene osobe. Sljedeći prigovori podupiru ovu tezu: ovlast Vrhovnog suda da produži pritvor nije u skladu s temeljnom ulogom ovog suda; uređenje sprječava okrivljenika da podnese sveobuhvatnu pravnu žalbu; ne poboljšava percepciju nepristranosti u suđenjima niti povjerenje u pravosuđe i nepotrebno je za razvoj sudske prakse u području lišavanja slobode. Članak predlaže alternativna rješenja koja bi se bolje uskladila s ulogom Vrhovnog suda i više pridržavala izvorne namjere osiguranja najviše razine zaštite ljudskih prava u odlukama o pritvoru
Four week program of intermittent fasting and high intensity interval training
No full textOhranjanje normalne telesne mase, brez pridobivanja odvečnih kilogramov, je v sodobni družbi izziv za več milijonov ljudi. Zaradi tega se veliko posameznikov loteva različnih diet. V tem diplomskem delu smo preučili program štiritedenskega občasnega posta v kombinaciji z visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 8 oseb, starih med 21 in 22 let, od katerih so bile 4 ženskega in 4 moškega spola. Moški udeleženci so imeli pred pričetkom izvajanja programa povprečen indeks telesne mase 28,6 kg/m2, ženske pa 21,0 kg/m2. V času izvajanja programa so se udeleženci prehranjevali po metodi občasnega posta. To pomeni, da so se moški vsak dan postili 16 ur, ženske pa 14 ur. Udeleženci so trikrat na teden izvajali tudi visoko intenzivno intervalno vadbo. Pred pričetkom in po končanem programu smo izvedli meritve telesne sestave z BIA-metodo. Za oceno počutja, prehranskih navad in nadzora vnosa količine ter kakovosti hrane smo uporabili anketni vprašalnik. Podatke smo analizirali s programom SPSS za Windows. Ugotovili smo, da je med začetnim in končnim stanjem prišlo do statistično značilnih razlik pri telesni masi (– 1,5 kg, p = 0,045), indeksu telesne mase (– 0,5, p = 0,029) in deležu telesne maščobe (– 2,1 %, p = 0,009). Pri količini mišične mase pa med začetnim in končnim stanjem nismo ugotovili statistično značilnih razlik (+ 0,2 kg, p = 0,768). Pri analizi anketnega vprašalnika smo med začetnim in končnim stanjem ugotovili statistično značilne razlike pri naslednjih spremenljivkah: količina spanja (– 1,15, p = 0,015), uživanje zelenjave (– 0,72, p = 0,008), uživanje sadja (– 0,71, p = 0,008), uživanje sladkarij (+ 1,0, p = 0,004) in pitje sokov (+ 1,0, p = 0,004). Statistično značilne razlike smo ugotovili tudi pri samonadzoru pri prehranjevanju (– 1,43, p = 0,000). Analiza rezultatov telesne sestave je pokazala, da je štiritedenski program občasnega posta in visoko intenzivne intervalne vadbe pri merjencih vplival na zmanjšanje telesne mase (– 1,5 kg, p = 0,045). Glede na to, da se delež mišične mase ni bistveno spremenil (+ 0,2 kg, p = 0,768), sklepamo, da se je telesna masa merjencev zmanjšala zaradi zmanjšanja deleža telesne maščobe (– 2,1 %, p = 0,009). Analiza programa z vidika prehranskih navad je pokazala, da so merjenci med postenjem občutili povišan nivo energije ter povečali samonadzor prehranjevanja z vidika vnosa količine in kakovosti hrane. Omejitve naše raziskave se kažejo v majhnem številu preizkušancev in nenadzorovani vadbi. Ugotovitve so uporabne kot izhodišče za nadaljnje natančnejše raziskave na tem področju.Maintaining normal body weight without gaining extra pounds is a challenge for millions of people in a modern society. For this, most people use different diets. In this thesis, we have studied the four-week program of intermittent fasting combined with high intensity interval training. The study involved eight people aged between 21 and 22 years, of which four were female and four males. Prior to the beginning of the program male participants had an average body mass index of 28,6women participants 21,0. Participants followed an intermittent fasting diet. This means, that the men fasted every day for 16 hours and women for 14 hours. Participants did high intensity interval training three times a week. Before starting and after the program we did measurements of body composition with BIA method. For the assessment of well-being, characteristics of eating habits and control of the quantity and quality of food, we used a questionnaire. We analysed the data using SPSS for Windows. During the starting and the final state, we found a statistically significant difference in body weight (- 1,5 kg, p = 0,045), body mass index (- 0,5, p = 0,029) and the percentage of body fat (- 2,1 %, p = 0,009). In the quantity of muscle mass during initial to final state, we have not found a statistically significant differences (+ 0,2, p = 0,768). In the analysis of the questionnaire, the statistically significant differences were found in the following variables: the quantity of sleep (- 1,15, p = 0,015), consumption of vegetables (- 0,72, p = 0,008), fruit (-0,71, p = 0,008), sugar (+ 1,0, p = 0,004) and juice (+ 1,0, p = 0,004). Statistically significant differences were also observed in the self-control in feeding (- 1,43, p = 0,000). An analysis of body composition results showed that the fourweek program of intermittent fasting and high intensity interval training had an impact on weight loss (- 1,5, p = 0,045). Considering that the percentage of muscle mass didn’t change significantly (+ 0,2, p = 0,768), we assume that the body weight decreased due to a decrease in the proportion of body fat (- 2,1 %, p = 0,009). The analysis of the dietary habits showed that during intermittent fasting participants experienced increased levels of energy and increased self-control over eating in terms of quantity and quality of food. The limitations of our research are reflected in a small number of test subjects and uncontrolled exercise. The findings are useful as a starting point for further more detailed research in this field
Effectiveness of autologous chondrocyte implantation in cartilage repair of the knee: A systematic review of controlled trials
No full textObjective: The relative differences in effectiveness of subchondral stimulation, osteochondral grafts, and autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) are still unclear. It is the objective of this study to systematically review the literature on ACI compared to other treatments by clinical outcome and the quality of the repair tissue, including an assessment of the validity of these findings. Method: The online databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Controlled Trial Register, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and BioMed were searched. Controlled trials comparing ACI with other methods of cartilage repair or placebo were included. Data on clinical outcome and the quality of the repair tissue was abstracted in duplicate. Study validity was assessed by individual components (randomization, blinded outcome assessment, sample size, attrition, percentage biopsies). Results: Nine studies were included. The internal validity of most of these studies was poor. Studies comparing ACI with subchondral stimulation have a higher quality and show no differences in clinical outcomes, but suggest better results in tissue quality. The high quality evidence comparing ACI with osteochondral grafts shows better clinical outcomes and higher tissue quality after ACI. Conclusion: Among the included studies there is much inconsistency in methodological quality and findings. Regardless of these problems, the absolute differences between groups are fairly small, thus raising questions about their clinical importance. Future studies will be needed to answer the question of benefits of ACI compared to other treatments, and could profit from addressing and avoiding the problems seen in this group. Finally conclusions concerning long-term effects are still difficult. © 2010 Osteoarthritis Research Society International.link_to_subscribed_fulltex
(Non-)recognition of the privilege against self-incrimination for legal persons, with an emphasis on single-member companies
No full textPrispevek analizira vprašanje, ali je treba v kaznovalnih postopkih priznati pravico do privilegija zoper samoobtožbo ne le fizičnim, temveč tudi pravnim osebam. Ker pregon kaznivih dejanj oziroma prekrškov, v katerem nastopajo pravne osebe, bolj kot pregon fizičnih oseb temelji na materialnih, torej neverbalnih dokazih, uvodni deli razprave obravnavajo vprašanje dometa privilegija zoper samoobtožbo. Ta v sodobni pravni dogmatiki in sodni praksi ne zajema le testimonialnih dokazov, temveč tudi materialne dokaze oziroma dokumentarno gradivo, nad katerim ima osumljenec kontrolo. Ker je kaznovalni očitek – zaradi sistema limitirane akcesorne odgovornosti pravnih oseb – fizični (odgovorni) osebi pravne osebe praviloma vsebinsko prepleten z očitkom pravni osebi, privilegij zoper samoobtožbo, ki ga uživa domnevni storilec kaznivega dejanja oziroma prekrška, pogosto hkrati varuje pred izpovedovanjem in izročanjem dokumentarnega gradiva v svojo škodo tudi pravno osebo. Ne pa vselej! Avtor zavzema stališče, da bi bilo treba v slednjem primeru pravnim osebam priznati samostojno pravico do privilegija zoper samoobtožbo. Še zlasti, kadar je osumljena oziroma obdolžena enoosebna gospodarska družba, pri kateri se s podelitvijo privilegija zoper samoobtožbo dejansko varuje pred izpovedovanjem (ravnanjem) v svojo škodo njenega »lastnika« – edinega družbenika.The article analyses whether, in punitive proceedings, the right to the privilege against self-incrimination should be granted not only to natural but also to legal persons. Since the prosecution of criminal and minor offences involving legal persons depends more on material (i.e. non-verbal) evidence than does the prosecution of natural persons, the introductory sections of the discussion address the scope of the privilege against self-incrimination. In contemporary legal dogmatics and case law, this privilege does not cover only testimonial evidence but also material or documentary evidence over which the suspect has control. Because, due to the system of limited accessory liability of legal persons, the punitive allegation against the natural (responsible) individual within the legal entity is generally substantively intertwined with the allegation against the legal person, the privilege against self-incrimination enjoyed by the alleged perpetrator of a criminal or minor offence often simultaneously protects the legal person from testifying and submitting documentary material to its detriment. However, this is not always the case. The author argues that, in such situations, legal persons should themselves be granted an independent right to the privilege against self-incrimination. This is particularly so when the suspected or accused entity is a single-member company, in which case granting the privilege against self-incrimination effectively protects its “owner”—the sole shareholder— from testifying (acting) to their own detriment
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Union Rate and Complications in Spine Fusion with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textStudy Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Objective: The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the current best evidence to assess effectiveness and safety of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-7 (rhBMP-7) as a biological stimulant in spine fusion. Methods: Studies were included if they reported on outcomes after spine fusion with rhBMP-7. The data was synthesized using Mantel-Haenszel pooled risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Main end points were union rate, overall complications, postoperative back and leg pain, revision rates, and new-onset cancer. Results: Our search produced 796 studies, 6 of which were eligible for inclusion. These studies report on a total of 442 patients (328 experimental, 114 controls) with a mean age of 59 ± 11 years. Our analysis showed no statistically significant differences in union rates (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.11, p = 0.247), overall complications (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.20, p = 0.545), postoperative back and leg pain (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.48 to 2.19, p = 0.941), or revision rate (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.40, p = 0.449). There was a mathematical indicator of increased tumor rates, but with only one case, the clinical meaningfulness of this finding is questionable. Conclusion: We were not able to find data in support of the use of rhBMP-7 for spine fusion. We found no evidence for increased complication or revision rates with rhBMP-7. On the other hand, we also found no evidence in support of improved union rates.Version of Recor
Eine Einführung in Methoden der ökonomischen Evaluation für Orthopäden und Unfallchirurgen
No full text
The ACL HandbookKnee Biology, Mechanics, and Treatment /
No full textXI, 317 p. 125 illus., 86 illus. in color.online
