14 research outputs found
Salivary coagulopathy and immunoglobulins in oral submucous fibrosis
No full textAim : The etiopathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis is still obscure. Immunological disorders have been associated with it and as the disease produces changes localized to the oral cavity, it is assumed that saliva may play an important role in the etiopathogenesis. The purpose of this study was to detect salivary coagulopathy, immunologic alterations and their comparison in oral submucous fibrosis patients and controls. Materials and Methods : Salivary coagulopathy procedures and quantitative estimations of serum immunoglobulins were carried out by serial radial immunodiffusion method in 60 oral submucous fibrosis patients and equal age- and sex-matched healthy controls. The obtained data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests. Results : The results indicated the presence of a precipitating factor in saliva responsible for salivary coagulopathy, dependent upon the severity of the disease and not on age, sex or duration of the disease. As compared to the controls, serum IgG and IgA, but not IgM levels were raised significantly among patients. IgG levels were increased in all the grades, while IgA levels were increased in Grade II and Grade III cases only. IgM levels in Grade II and Grade III cases showed no significant alterations, however, were reduced in Grade I cases. The serum immunoglobulin levels showed no correlation with the duration of the disease. Conclusion : Alteration in saliva and immunity do indicate an immunological basis in the etiopathogenesis of this complex clinical entity
Fibro-osseous lesion of maxilla. Report of two cases in a family with review of literature
No full textFibrous dysplasia is a disturbance of bone metabolism that is classified as a benign fibro-osseous lesion. Fibrous
connective tissue containing abnormal bone, replaces normal bone. The etiology of fibrous dysplasia is unknown.
The radiographic appearance of the irregularly shaped trabeculae aids in the differential diagnosis. Occurring most
commonly in the second decade of life, the lesions of fibrous dysplasia can be surgically recontoured for esthetic or
functional purposes once they become dormant
Comparison of serum glucose and salivary glucose in diabetic patients
No full textBackground and Objectives: The importance of saliva for oral health is well known. Diabetes mellitus affects the salivary gland functioning and thus alters the salivary constituents. For many years the question of the presence of glucose in saliva has been a subject of debate and only few people found correlation between serum glucose and salivary glucose in diabetics. Hence, the purpose of this study was to estimate and correlate salivary glucose concentration and serum glucose concentration in diabetics and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: 60 newly diagnosed diabetic patients and 60 age and sex matched control subjects were included in the study. Blood and saliva samples from both the groups were collected at least two hours after the breakfast. The samples were centrifuged and subjected to glucose analysis using Semiautoanalyzer (BioSystems BTS-310 Photometer). For experimental group, the samples were collected again after the control of diabetes mellitus. The statistical comparisons were performed using paired and unpaired t -test. Results: A highly significant correlation was found between salivary glucose and serum glucose before the treatment and also after the control of diabetes. The correlation between salivary glucose and serum glucose was also highly significant in controls. The levels of salivary glucose did not vary with age and sex. Conclusion and Interpretation: As there was significant correlation between salivary glucose and serum glucose, salivary glucose holds the potential of being a marker in diabetes. Further, it has an added advantage of being non-invasive procedure with no need of special equipments and with fewer compliance problems as compared with collection of blood
Radiographic assessment of agenesis of third molars and para-radicular third molar radiolucencies in population of age group 18-25 years old – a radiographic survey
No full textIntroduction: Due to biological, cultural and evolutionary changes with time, humans have experienced a decreased dependency on all tooth types. Because of this, the number of certain teeth which are no longer necessary for function are either getting increasingly impacted or are not developing at all. This is especially the case where third molars are concerned. Objective: To assess the prevalence of agenesis of third molars and para-radicular third molar radiolucencies in population of age group 18-25 years. Materials and methods: Five hundred patients of age ranging from 18 to 25 years old were selected randomly and subjectedto undergo conventional panoramic radiographic procedure. Results: 35.4% patients of our study population revealed agenesis of one of the third molars among the four third molars. Agenesis of right maxillary third molar is quite significant as p = 0.030; and only 3.4% revealed the prevalence of para-radicular third molar radiolucencies. Conclusion: As time goes by, agenesis of the third molars is increasing, so they can be considered as vestigial. However, etiology of the para-radicular third molar radiolucencies is unknown.Hence, further research is needed to describe the nature as well as outcome of mandibular para-radicularthird molar radiolucencies
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Temporomandibular Disorder: A Clinical Study
No full textAims: Though use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in dentistry was first described in 1967 by Shane and Kessler, it has yet to gain widespread acceptance in dentistry. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of active and placebo TENS therapies in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder.
Methods: Thirty patients received active TENS therapy and 15 received placebo TENS therapy. VAS was used to measure changes in pain and tenderness in the muscles of mastication and TMJS during and after therapy- Also, changes in mouth opening was recorded and analyzed.
Results: A significant improvement was observed in both active and placebo TENS therapies regarding orofacial pain, muscles and TMJs tenderness and interincisal distance. None of the parameters except medial pterygoid muscle tenderness revealed any differences between the methods.
Conclusion: This study justifies the use of TENS therapy as well as placebo in the management of TMD. TENS therapy appears to be useful in relieving pain, especially muscular and chronic pain Hence, along with TENS therapy, placebo should also be considered as a potent and independent therapeutic modality in its own right
"Lycopene: A Promising Antioxidant"
No full textLycopene is a red colored fat soluble carotenoid, which gives tomatoes and several other fruits their deep red colour. It has shown potential role in prevention and cure of various systemic and oral diseases including malignancies due to its antioxidant and other cancer preventing properties. Lycopene with its 11 conjugated and 2 non conjugated double bonds is the most efficient singIet oxygen quencher and is considered most potent antioxidant among carotenoids. It has shown to be efficient in the management of oral cancer and precancer like leukoplakia and has shown the potential in the management of other oral mucosal lesions thought to arise due to free radical onslaught such as oral lichen planes
Evaluation of salivary calcium and salivary parathyroid levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness
No full textObjective: The primary objective of this study is to estimate and secondary objective is to compare the salivary calcium levels, salivary parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in postmenopausal women with and without oral dryness (OD). Materials and Methods: A case-control study was carried out on 80 selected postmenopausal women. Salivary calcium concentrations were assessed through Semi Autoanalyzer by Arsenazo III reaction. The salivary PTH concentration was measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Severity of OD was assessed by a questionnaire through which the xerostomia inventory (XI) score could be measured. Statistical analysis of Student′s t-test, Mann-Whitney test and Pearson′s correlation was used. Results: There was a significant difference in mean values of both salivary calcium concentration and XI score in postmenopausal women with/without OD (P 0.05) was found in salivary parathyroid levels in postmenopausal women in both groups. A positive correlation was found between the salivary calcium concentration and XI score in both case and control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Severity of OD in postmenopausal women is associated with the high levels of salivary calcium. However, the correlation of severity of OD with PTH could not be established
Analgesic efficacy of diazepam and placebo in patients with temporomandibular disorders: A double blind randomized clinical trial
No full textAim: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the analgesic efficacy of placebo and diazepam in patients with temporomandibular disorder.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients were recruited with a diagnosis of temporomandibular disorder based on standard clinical diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorder. The patients were put in to one of the two groups: placebo or diazepam at random. The average pain intensity was recorded with visual analog scale (VAS) at pretreatment, at weekly interval till the completion of a three-week trial and at post-treatment visit on the eighth week from baseline. The secondary outcome measures were changes in masticatory muscle tenderness, viz. massater muscle, lateral pterygoid muscle, medial pterygoid muscle and temporalis muscle and changes in mouth opening.
Statistical Analysis: Intra-group comparison for analgesic efficacy and mouth opening was carried out by Wilcoxon′s signed ranked test. Inter-group comparison for analgesic efficacy was also carried out using Mann-Whitney′s test.
Results: A statistically significant (P<0.01) decrease in temporomandibular disorder pain in the placebo group (65%) and statistically highly significant (P<0.001) decrease in the diazepam group (72%) were observed on VAS after three weeks of treatment. The inter-group comparison demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the groups.
Conclusion: This study suggests that the placebo can give near similar results as diazepam can. So the role of placebo should also be considered as one of the important management strategies. In the short term, reduction in the masticatory muscle tenderness and significant improvement in the mouth opening in both the groups were observed
Polymorphous Low Grade Adeno Carcinoma- A Rare Case Report
No full text Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands (PLGA) is a low grade neoplasm that predominantly occurs in the minor salivary glands. It is usually located on the hard or soft palate. This report describes the case of a patient that was diagnosed and treated of some unknown swelling 10 years back and patient again came back with same complaint on same side that turning out to be PGLA with maximum size reporting in the literature in our notice. The case was unique in saying that this might be reoccurrence of the original swelling that occurred 10 years back.  
