144 research outputs found
Stanley depth and the lcm-lattice
No full textIn this paper we show that the Stanley depth, as well as the usual depth, are essentially determined by the lcm-lattice. More precisely, we show that for quotients of monomial ideals , both invariants behave monotonic with respect to certain maps defined on their lcm-lattice. This allows simple and uniform proofs of many new and known results on the Stanley depth. In particular, we obtain a generalization of our result on polarization presented in [16]. We also obtain a useful description of the class of all monomial ideals with a given lcm-lattice, which is independent from our applications to the Stanley depth.The authors are greatly indebted to Volkmar Welker for pointing out the guidelines leading to Theorem 4.9. We also wish to thank Winfried Bruns and the anonymous reviewers for several helpful suggestions.
The first author was partially supported by project PN-II-RU-TE-2012-3-0161, granted by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research, CNCS-UEFISCDI. The second author was partially supported by the German Research Council DFG-GRK 1916. The third author was partially supported by the Spanish Government Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), grants MTM2012-36917-C03-03 and MTM2015-65764-C3-2-P, as well as by Universitat Jaume I, grant P1-1B2015-02
LCM ensemble model results considering GCCN and TICE effect
No full textOriginal ".nc" formatted output data (time series and spectra data) from the LCM ensemble model results.
The output file from the faster DSD case (r_mean = 15 micrometer) is not included for storage reasons.
In addition, only results with n_SD = 10^5 are included.
For those cases, you can contact the first author and request raw output files
Growth rates of adult sea turtles
No full textThis is the final version of the article. Available from Inter Research via the DOI in this record.Indeterminate growth, i.e. growth that persists throughout life, is common in longlived reptiles. Because fecundity and body size tend to be correlated in such species, individuals face a life-history trade-off at sexual maturity. Saturation tagging and intensive monitoring at nesting grounds can potentially provide opportunities to accumulate data on individual measurements and reproductive output. Until recently, however, shortcomings from these methods have prevented the testing of theories on resource allocation between growth and reproduction at sexual maturity in wild populations of sea turtles. Here, we review the state of knowledge of growth rates in adult sea turtles and potential life-history trade-offs. We found that post-maturity growth rates varied among ocean basins. They appeared highest in the Atlantic Ocean for both green turtles Chelonia mydas and hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata, and highest in the Mediterranean Sea for loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. For other species, there are too few studies at present to allow for intraspecific comparison. Additionally, we found no significant difference in mean female compound annual growth rates among species and ocean basins. Although captive studies have provided great insight into changes in energy allocation at sexual maturity and life-history trade-offs, this review highlights the lack of data on wild animals regarding changes in post-maturity growth rates and reproductive output over time. Such data are desirable to further our understanding of energy allocation, growth and ageing in wild sea turtles. They are further required to assess the status of species and to understand population dynamics for both conservation and management
Slide Preparation for Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM)
No full textAuthor: National Cancer Institute
*These methods were successful in our lab using prostate tissue and for our specific objectives. Investigators must be aware that they will need to tailor the following protocol for their own research objectives and tissue under study*.
LCM and subsequent molecular analysis can be carried out on slides stained using standard hematoxylin and eosin methods. However, if cell types that are (or are not) expressing a specific protein are required for a study then more advanced slide preparation methods such as Immuno-LCM may be utilized.
### Materials
1. 70%, 95%, 100% ethanol
- Xylenes, mixed, ACS reagent (Sigma)
- Deionized water
- Hematoxylin solution, Mayer's (Sigma)
- Eosin Y solution (Sigma)
- Complete, mini protease inhibitor cocktail tablets (Roche Corp.)
- *Important: For all protein analysis, dissolve 1 protease inhibitor cocktail tablet per 10 ml of each reagent except the xylenes*.
### Storage of Sections
1. Recut paraffin sections are stored at or below room temperature. Do not deparaffinize until immediately prior to microdissection.
- Low-melt polyester sections are stored at 4°C.
- Frozen sections are stored at -80°C or below.
### Methods
- *TIP: Use the minimal amount of staining to visualize the tissue for microdissection. This will significantly improve macromolecule recovery. For example, hematoxylin and eosin can be used at 10% of their standard concentrations. Since the slides are microdissected without a coverslip, the tissue is not index-matched and substantial light scattering occurs, typically producing "dark" images. Thus, both image quality and molecular recovery can be improved by decreasing stain concentrations*.
**A: Paraffin-embedded Sections or Frozen Sections**
- If a paraffin-embedded section is to be stained, start from step 1.
- If the section was frozen-embedded, melt it gently (e.g., on the back of the hand) for approximately 30 sec after removal from the freezer. This will create a "rougher" tissue surface and allow for better adhesion to the LCM cap. Start at Step 4.
Place the sections in the following solutions:
1. Fresh xylenes (to depariffinize the sections) - 5 min
- Fresh xylenes - 5 min
- 100% ethanol - 15 sec
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 70% ethanol - 15 sec
- Deionized water - 15 sec
- Mayer's Hematoxylin - 30 sec
- Deionized water - rinse (x 2) - 15 sec
- 70% ethanol - 15 sec
- Eosin Y - 5 sec
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 100% ethanol - 15 sec
- 100% ethanol - 15 sec
- Xylenes (to ensure dehydration of the section) - 60 sec
- Air-dry for approximately 2 minutes or gently use air gun to completely remove xylenes.
- The tissue is now ready for LCM.
**B: Low-melt Polyester-embedded Sections**
- *TIP: Proceed gently when staining sections embedded in polyester wax. Even though the sections are placed on charged slides, the tissue has a tendency to detach from the slide and should be monitored carefully throughout the staining procedure*.
Place the sections in the following solutions:
1. 100% ethanol (to remove polyester wax) - 5 min
- 100% ethanol - 5 min
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 70% ethanol - 15 sec
- Deionized water - 15 sec
- Mayer's hematoxylin - 30 sec
- Deionized water - 15 sec
- 70% ethanol - 30 sec
- Eosin Y - 5 sec
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 95% ethanol - 15 sec
- 100% ethanol - 15 sec
- 100% ethanol - 15 sec
- 50:50, xylenes:100% ethanol - 10 sec
- The tissue is now ready for LCM.
- *TIP: The xylenes-ethanol step at the end of the procedure is critical for subsequent LCM. The length of time may need to be adjusted depending on the tissue type and goals of the study. For example, if the tissue is left in this solution longer than 10-15 sec, the tissue may detach from the slide during dissection. Conversely, if the xylenes-ethanol step is too short, the tissue may be strongly bound to the slide and not dissect well*.
- *TIP: The tissue section should be completely dry before LCM. Use of an Accuduster or similar device may facilitate drying for efficient microdissection*
On the factorization of LCM matrices on gcd-closed sets
No full textAbstractLet S={x1,…,xn} be a set of n distinct positive integers. The matrix having the greatest common divisor (GCD) (xi,xj) of xi and xj as its i,j-entry is called the greatest common divisor matrix, denoted by (S)n. The matrix having the least common multiple (LCM) [xi,xj] of xi and xj as its i,j-entry is called the least common multiple matrix, denoted by [S]n. The set is said to be gcd-closed if (xi,xj)∈S for all 1⩽i,j⩽n. In this paper we show that if n⩽3, then for any gcd-closed set S={x1,…,xn}, the GCD matrix on S divides the LCM matrix on S in the ring Mn(Z) of n×n matrices over the integers. For n⩾4, there exists a gcd-closed set S={x1,…,xn} such that the GCD matrix on S does not divide the LCM matrix on S in the ring Mn(Z). This solves a conjecture raised by the author in 1998
Determinate or indeterminate growth? Revisiting the growth strategy of sea turtles
No full textThis is the author's accepted manuscript.The final version is available from Inter Research via the DOI in this record.Traditionally, growth can be either determinate, ceasing during the natural lifespan of individuals, or indeterminate, persisting throughout life. Although indeterminate growth is a widely accepted strategy and believed to be ubiquitous among long-lived species, it may not be as common as previously thought. Sea turtles are believed to be indeterminate growers despite the paucity of long-term studies into post-maturity growth. In this study, we provide the first temporal analysis of post-maturity growth rates in wild living sea turtles, using 26 yr of data on individual measurements of females nesting in Cyprus. We used generalised additive/linear mixed models to incorporate multiple growth measurements for each female and model post-maturity growth over time. We found post-maturity growth to persist in green Chelonia mydas and loggerhead Caretta caretta turtles, with growth decreasing for approximately 14 yr before plateauing around zero for a further decade solely in green turtles. We also found growth to be independent of size at sexual maturity in both species. Additionally, although annual growth and compound annual growth rates were higher in green turtles than in loggerhead turtles, this difference was not statistically significant. While indeterminate growth is believed to be a key life-history trait of ectothermic vertebrates, here, we provide evidence of determinate growth in green and loggerhead turtles and suggest that determinate growth is a life-history trait shared by cheloniid species. Our results highlight the need for long-term studies to refine life-history models and further our understanding of ageing and longevity of wild sea turtles for conservation and management.Fieldwork was supported by the British Associate of Tortoise
Keepers, British Chelonia Group, British High Commission
in Cyprus, British Residents Society, Carnegie Trust for the
Universities of Scotland, Darwin Initiative, Erwin Warth
Foundation, Friends of SPOT, Glasgow Uni versity Court,
Kuzey Kıbrıs Turkcell, MEDASSET UK, and Natural Environment
Research Council
Comparative studies on Mopeia viruses and other Arenaviridae, particularly Lassa virus
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.Serologically related arenaviruses have been isolated from West Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and the Central African Republic. Human disease is only associated with the West African isolates. The virulence of Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Central African Republic isolates in humans is not known.
This Thesis is an account of work carried out by the author to compare the biological characteristics of isolates from West Africa, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. It describes the successful isolation and identification of the aetiological agents, their physicochemical and antigenic characteristics and describes in vivo studies using mice, guinea pigs and Rhesus monkeys.
A direct comparison was made with a patient diagnosed as having Lassa fever. The disease in man and monkeys following infection with Lassa virus was similar. The Rhesus monkey and guinea pig proved suitable experimental models in which to study and compare the pathogenic responses and also to evaluate various aspects of protection. These animal models when immunised with the viruses from Mozambique and Zimbabwe were protected when subsequently challenged with Lassa virus.
The Mozambique and Zimbabwe isolates proved to have morphological and physicochemical characteristics not dissimilar from West African Lassa viruses and those members of the arenavirus family from South America. Serological and immunochemical investigations suggest the existence of both common and unique antigenic determinants on the viruses from Mozambique, -Zimbabwe and West Africa. This grouping also coincides with the geographic separation of the viruses, i.e. Lassa - West Africa and Mopeia -southeast Africa. Similar differences in host susceptibility have also been demonstrated. Lassa virus produces a fatal haemorrhagic disease while Mopeia isolates produce only an asymptomatic infection. The combined data suggests the possibility of two virus groups within the 'Old World' arenavirus classification. The proposed name, 'Mopeia', forms one group and includes the viruses from Mozambique and Zimbabwe. The Lassa strains from West Africa form the second group.
It is suggested that the Mopeia viruses are minor antigenic variants of Lassa and should be included within the arenavirus family
Growth rates of adult sea turtles
No full textIndeterminate growth, i.e. growth that persists throughout life, is common in longlived reptiles. Because fecundity and body size tend to be correlated in such species, individuals face a life-history trade-off at sexual maturity. Saturation tagging and intensive monitoring at nesting grounds can potentially provide opportunities to accumulate data on individual measurements and reproductive output. Until recently, however, shortcomings from these methods have prevented the testing of theories on resource allocation between growth and reproduction at sexual maturity in wild populations of sea turtles. Here, we review the state of knowledge of growth rates in adult sea turtles and potential life-history trade-offs. We found that post-maturity growth rates varied among ocean basins. They appeared highest in the Atlantic Ocean for both green turtles Chelonia mydas and hawksbill turtles Eretmochelys imbricata, and highest in the Mediterranean Sea for loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. For other species, there are too few studies at present to allow for intraspecific comparison. Additionally, we found no significant difference in mean female compound annual growth rates among species and ocean basins. Although captive studies have provided great insight into changes in energy allocation at sexual maturity and life-history trade-offs, this review highlights the lack of data on wild animals regarding changes in post-maturity growth rates and reproductive output over time. Such data are desirable to further our understanding of energy allocation, growth and ageing in wild sea turtles. They are further required to assess the status of species and to understand population dynamics for both conservation and management
Education for optimized Life Cycle Management: The Project e-CIRP and its insights into embedding circular economy aspects to product design via teaching
No full textThe integration of circular economy-based life cycle management (LCM) into product design and optimisation is essential for the transformation towards a circular economy (CE). However, companies often lack the expertise to adapt life-cycle design (LCD) thinking in their business operations and are in need of respective capacity building. To close this apparent gap is the aim of the project e-CirP (Embedding Circular Economy into Product Design and Optimization) where LUT University, Fraunhofer, Technical University of Denmark, University of Padova, Delft University of Technology, University of Helsinki and Metso Outotec have worked together to develop a program that allows Master students across Europe to learn how to integrate CE and Life Cycle Thinking principles into product design by analysing real industrial cases. In the project, modern pedagogical approaches have been applied. A modular training package covering general circular economy aspects, as well as detailed value chain perspectives, has been created. Next to the content-related aspects, a great focus was also on the support of so-called soft-skills development, e.g. through international student cooperation on case studies. The paper presents the perspective of participating students as well as the cooperating companies that supplied the industry cases to allow an overview of opportunities and challenges.Design for Sustainabilit
Recent patents on in-plane permeability measurement of LCM composite reinforcements
No full textInternational audienceOptimization of Liquid Composite Molding (LCM) processes using Darcy flow numerical simulation requires inputting accurate reinforcement permeability data. Historically introduced by its author to describe infiltration phenomenon, permeability coming from Darcy's law is usually used in LCM processes as a rheological parameter in order to predict the macroscopic resin motion during the filling stage. Resulting from the flow through a complex fibrous architecture, its measurement is very sensitive to the test conditions due to the high filaments flexibility and meso-structure heterogeneity. Reinforcements are currently anisotropic fibrous media and their in-plane permeability measurement requires specific facilities. Measurements can be performed in transient or steady state conditions, and in one-, two-or three-dimensional configurations. This paper describes the different existing experimental configurations, identification procedures and instrumentation techniques. Advantages and drawbacks of each method are discussed, in the particular case of 2D transient measurements, which are the most representative of Resin Transfer Molding process. Two recent patents using different instrumentation techniques are detailed. They are focused on the simultaneous identification of the in-plane principal permeability values in an anisotropic fibrous reinforcement. Some perspectives are suggested to improve the repeatability of such measurement results
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