8 research outputs found
Pattern of utilization of dental services at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina, Northwest Nigeria
No full textBackground: Oral health has been demonstrated to be an integral component of general health, with a serious impact on the quality of life and the overall well-being. Dental care utilization is an indispensable facilitator of oral health. Reports from the African continent highlight poor utilization of dental services across urban and rural populations. Hence, this study aims to determine the use of dental services by patients attending the dental clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Katsina between January 2011 and December 2012. Materials and Methods: The patients′ records were retrieved and analyzed for demographic data, diagnosis, and treatment. Results: During the 2-year study period, a total of 2021 patients [1083 (53.6%) males and 938 (46.4%) females] were treated. The age of the patients ranged from 4 months to 94 years [mean ± standard deviation (SD) =28.6 years ± 16.2; median 28 years]. Approximately 80% of the patients were below the age of 40 years, with 21-30 years age group recording the highest frequency (28%). Most of the patients had caries and its sequelae, followed by periodontal disease (n = 352, 17.4%). Restorative and surgical procedures (n = 808, 40%) were the major treatment utilized by this cohort, with periodontal procedure trailing (n = 3951, 8.6%). Tooth extraction (n = 755, 37.3%) was the primary treatment accessed, followed by amalgam filling (n = 651, 32.2%) and scaling/polishing (n = 355, 17.6%). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate preponderance of male gender and young age group in the utilization of dental services among the study population. Tooth extraction was the most frequently provided dental treatment. We recommend preventive oral care as a means of reducing dental burden in the center
A multi-centre evaluation of oral cancer in Southern and Western Nigeria: an African oral pathology research consortium initiative
No full textIntroduction: Oral cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths among African populations. Lack of standard cancer registries and under-reporting has inaccurately depicted its magnitude in Nigeria. Development of multi-centre collaborative oral pathology networks such as the African Oral Pathology Research Consortium (AOPRC) facilitates skill and expertise exchange and fosters a robust and systematic investigation of oral diseasesacross Africa. Methods: in this descriptive cross-sectional study, we have leveraged the auspices of the AOPRC to examine the burden of oral cancer in Nigeria, using a multi-centre approach. Data from 4 major tertiary health institutions in Western and Southern Nigeria was generated using a standardized data extraction format and analysed using the SPSS data analysis software (version 20.0; SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL). Results: Of the 162 cases examined across the 4 centres, we observed that oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) occurred mostly in the 6th and 7th decadesof life and maxillary were more frequent than mandibular OSCC lesions. Regional variations were observed both for location, age group and gender distribution. Significant regional differences was found between poorly, moderately and well differentiated OSCC (p value = 0.0071).Conclusion: A multi-centre collaborative oral pathology research approach is an effective way to achieve better insight into the patterns and distribution of various oral diseases in men of African descent. The wider outlook for AOPRC is to employ similar approaches to drive intensive oral pathology research targeted at addressing the current morbidity and mortality of various oral diseases across Africa
Ameloblastic carcinoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of cases seen in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital and review of literature
No full textIntroduction: ameloblastic carcinoma is a rare malignant odontogenic neoplasm that exhibits histological features of ameloblastoma in combination with cytological atypia. It may arise de novo or secondarily through malignant de-differentiation of pre-existing ameloblastoma or odontogenic cyst. Secondary ameloblastic carcinomas often results from repeated surgical intervention, which is a mainstay of odontogenic tumor management in resource limited settings. To date, relatively few cases of ameloblastic carcinomas have been reported and many cases have been misdiagnosed as ameloblastoma. This is due to its wide range of clinicopathological feature which range from indolent to aggressive. It may present as an aggressive ulcerated mass or as a simple cystic lesion; hence, it often challenging to delineate from its benign counterpart, ameloblastoma.
Methods: this study reviewed the clinicopathological data on 157 cases of odontogenic tumors diagnosed over a 10 years period from the pathology archive of the Oral Pathology Unit of Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Results: of all these cases, we identified that 64.9% were Ameloblastomas, while 8.3% were ameloblastic carcinomas. Primary subtypes of ameloblastic carcinoma constituted 23.08%, while 69.23% of the cases were of the secondary subtype. We also found that the secondary subtype of ameloblastic carcinomas showed a higher mean duration value of 7.7 years. Most lesions were found in posterior mandible and presented with ulceration, perforation and ill-defined borders radiographically.
Conclusion: this study is among the few that have documented higher frequency of secondary ameloblastic carcinoma in the scientific literature
A retrospective review of 61 cases of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour seen in five tertiary health facilities in Nigeria
No full textIntroduction: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a benign lesion originating from the dental lamina or its remnants. It is a relatively
uncommon neoplasm representing about 3% of all odontogenic tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and radiological
characteristics of AOTs in five major tertiary centres in Nigeria. Methods: Archival hospital-based data stores of five tertiary health facilities in
Nigeria were accessed. Case files and biopsy records were retrieved to obtain relevant information. Data was collected according to a proforma for
standardization and entered into and analysed using SPSS for Windows (version 20.0; SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL). Results: 61 (4.5%) cases of AOT
were documented. The age range was 8-46 years with a mean age of 20.4±9.9 years. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.3. The anterior maxilla had 34
(55.8%) cases and the anterior mandible had 20 (32.8%) cases. 40 (65.6%) follicular cases, 20 (32.8%) extra-follicular cases and 1(1.6%) extraosseous
case were found. 31 cases (61.1%) were associated with impacted teeth and the upper canine was involved in 19 (57.6%) cases.
Conclusion: This study showed AOT to be more common in the maxilla, more in females, most often associated with impacted canines, however,
the suggestion of AOT being a “Two third tumour” was not observed in this study
Descriptive epidemiology of salivary gland neoplasms in Nigeria: An AOPRC multicenter tertiary hospital study
No full textObjectives: Accurate diagnosis of salivary gland neoplasms (SGN) in many centers in
Africa is limited by poor diagnostic resources and ancillary services. Hence, we have
carried out a multicenter epidemiological study to understand the true burden of
SGN in Nigeria.
Method: In this descriptive cross‐sectional study, we have deployed resources available
to members of the African Oral Pathology Consortium (AOPRC) to examine the
burden of salivary gland lesions in Nigeria, using a multicenter approach. Data from
seven major tertiary health institutions in northern, western, and southern Nigeria
were generated using a standardized data extraction format and analyzed using the
Epi‐info software (Version 7.0, Atlanta, USA).
Result: Of the 497 cases examined across the seven centers, we observed that SGN
occurred more in females than males. Overall, pleomorphic salivary adenoma (PA)
was found to be the most common. PA was found to be the commonest benign SGN
while adenocystic carcinoma (ADCC) was the commonest malignant SGN. Regional
variations were observed for age group, diagnosis, and gender distribution. Significant statistical differences were found between males and females for malignant SGNs (p‐value=0.037).
Conclusion: We found regional variation in the pattern of distribution of SGN in
Nigeria. This is the largest multicenter study of SGN in Nigeria, and our findings are
robust and representative of the epidemiology of this neoplasm in Nigeria
A geographical analysis of ethnic distribution of jaw ameloblastoma in Nigerians
No full textIntroduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic tumour in Nigeria. A definite geographic variation has been observed in the frequency of odontogenic tumors from different parts of the world. However, there is no study on the regional variations in Nigeria. Hence, this study was designed to document the ethnic and geographical distribution of jaw ameloblastoma in Nigeria.Methods: Archival data on ameloblastoma from 10 health facilities were obtained. Global Moran’s I detected geographic clustering in its distribution while Local Getis Ord indicated the location of ameloblastoma clusters. Chi-square tested associations between variables at 0.05 level of significance.Results: A total of 1,246 ameloblastoma cases were recorded in Nigeria. Besides substantial state variations, a South-North gradient was noticed in its distribution. Significant positive spatial autocorrelation was observed in the three major groups while ameloblas- toma hotspots were found in the SouthWestern and Northwestern Nigeria. The Igbos had a higher prevalence of ameloblastoma outside their home region than within.Conclusion: The study hypothesized that the geographical distribution of ameloblastoma in Nigeria is the result of all or one of the following: the country’s tropical climate, migration patterns and health seeking behavior. Hopefully, these claims should lead to further enquiry on the underlying causes.Keywords: Ameloblastoma, ethnicity, spatial analysis, Nigeria
Biological profile of ameloblastoma and its location in the jaw in 1246 Nigerians
No full textOBJECTIVES: Ameloblastoma is a benign, slow-growing, locally invasive epithelial tumor of odontogenic origin, with unlimited growth capacity and a strong tendency to recur. This multicentric study analyzed ameloblastoma diagnosed in Nigeria among different ethnic groups. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study included ameloblastoma cases diagnosed from 1964 to 2017 at 10 hospitals or medical centers in Nigeria. Age, sex, tribe, and location of the ameloblastoma in the jaw were analyzed. Associations between variables were tested by using χ2 and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: A total of 1246 ameloblastoma cases were recorded (mean patient age 32.51 ± 14.54 years; range 4-86 years; male-to-female ratio 1.2:1). Approximately 60% of ameloblastoma cases occurred in young adults (age range 18-40 years). Ninety-eight lesions were located in the maxilla and 1103 in the mandible; the posterior mandible was the most common site (31.3% on the right and 26.5% on the left, respectively), followed by the anterior (26.0%) mandible. No significant differences were noted in the distribution of ameloblastoma within the tribes with respect to age (P = .92) and sex (P = .71). CONCLUSIONS: The mandible is a common site of ameloblastoma in patients in Nigeria, and in most cases, it occurs in young adults. Early presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are important to reduce postoperative disfigurement and morbidity.status: Publishe
