2,145 research outputs found
James H. Cathey Author of "Genesis of Lincoln"
No full textThis undated photograph showing James H. Cathey (1866-1929) is part of the William E. Bird Collection. On the back of the photograph is written “James H Cathey Senator from Jackson, Transylvania, Haywood, Swain. Author of ‘Genesis of Lincoln.’” William Ernest Bird (1890-1975) was born in the Qualla community of Jackson County, NC. Bird served Western Carolina University in various capacities during his long career. Bird’s roles at WCU included head of the English Department, Dean of Men, Acting President, and President. In 1963, he published The History of Western Carolina College: The Progress of an Idea. He was married to Myrtle Wells (1891-1983)
Historic Webster Vol. 2 No. 2
No full textHistoric Webster is a newsletter of the Webster Historical Society, Inc., created at the Society’s founding in 1974. The publication helped to serve the Society's mission of collecting and preserving the history of Webster, North Carolina. Webster, established in 1851, was the original county seat for Jackson County.IICII!IHIIL IIIli
Dear Webster Historical Society Members:
Beginning now, Jackson County will be alive with
American Revolution Bicentennial activities which are
part of those being planned nationwide to "strengthen
the approaching third century of American
independence." The Bicentennial commemoration will
preserve the past and promote the future through the
action areas of HERITAGE, HORIZONS and
FESTIVALS. Jackson County, Webster, Sylva and
Western Carolina University are eligible to official
designation as Bicentennial communities. This means
that each of these communities will be planning special
projects and programs within the areas of
HERITAGE, HORIZONS and FESTIVALS.
The master plan for the North Carolina American
Revolution Bicentennial celebration is divided into
four phases:
Phase I --Overture, 1972-1976
Phase 11--Year of Declarations, 1976
Phase III --Competition 200, 1976-1989
Phase IV-··Finale, 1989
The Jackson County American Revolution
Bicentennial Celebration will be planned by a steering
committee and a community council composed of
representatives from all organizations in the county.
The committee and council, appointed by the county
commissioners, will be announced soon. The Webster
Historical Society's past efforts have been a
meaningful beginning to J ackson County's celebration
of the Bicentennial and will be a significant part of the
exciting years to come. The Webster J uly 4th
celebration of 1975 will include the county's
designation ceremony and will be the first event in a
series of bicentennial celebrations county-wide.
"BE A PART OF SOMETHING GREAT."
Betty Price, Chairperson,
Jackson County American Revolution
Bicentennial Commission
President, Webster Historical Society
:;:;:::::::::::::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:
Webster Cookbook Is Selling Well
Requests for copies of lhe Webster Cookbook are far
exceeding expectations. Thanks go to the many Webster
Historical Society members and cooperative businesses who are
participating in these sales. In truth , the cookbook is selling
itself as fr iends of friends and even strangers catch sight of it.
The publishers, Edw.ards and Broughton of Raleigh , North
Carolina have placed full page advertisements in State
Magazine, the Tar Heel Ba nker. and North Carolina Education.
These have already brought favorable response. WMSJ of
:::: generously adding the cause. Great credit goes lo the local sales ::::
:::: chairman, Joe and Kate Rhinehart of Webster who house the :;::
:::: cookbooks, do the bookkeeping, and sell, deliver, package, and ::::
::;: mail copies on request. ::;:
:::: In addition to the Rhineharts, copies of the Webster Cookbook ::::
:::: may be obtained from any of the following individuals or places ::::
::::of business: Betty Price and Marilyn Jody, Webster; Mildred ::::
·:::: Cowan, Webster; Archie and Ruth Crawford, Webster ; and ::::
::::: Mary Morris, Library WCU, Cullowhee; Mrs. Vernon Stroupe, ::::
::::: Sr., Asheville; Joe Parker and Florence Rhinehart, Bethesda, ::;:
::::: Maryland; Anne-Margaret Cloth Shop, Highlands Road, ::::
::::: Franklin, North Carolina; Cheddar Box Cheese and Gourmet ::::
::::: Shop, Dillsboro, North Carolina, Scotties Discount Store, ::::
::::: Simpson Chevrolet, Continental Beauty Shop, all of Sylva, North ::::
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WEilSTEH. :\OHTH CAROLINA
First Jackson County
Court Formed In 1853
Asheville Citizen
May 22, 1932
The first court was organized
by Judge John W. Ellis, afterwards
governor of the State, at
the residence of Daniel Bryson,
Sr. on Scott's Creek, Monday,
March 3, 1853.
J. Newton Bryson was appointed
clerk of the court, and Allen
Fisher, c lerk and master in
equity . •
The sureties of these officials
were such men as W. H. Bryson,
John B. Allison, R. V. Welch,
John W. Dav is, Thaddeus D.
Bryson, and E. D. Brendle.
The second Superior Court was
opened Monday, September 19,
1953, at Allen Fisher's store
house, with Judge Dav id F.
Caldwell presiding. (Judge Caldwell
was the grandfather of Fred
C. Fisher, of Swain county, and
Miss Frances Fisher, author of
"The Land of the Sky"). E. D.
Davis was sheriff and J. Newton
Bryson, clerk of the court.
First Jury System
The first grand and petit juries
were composed of such familiar
pioneer names as Keener, Con·
' ley , Queen, Bryson, Brown,
Hooper, Dills , Alley, Allison,
Gibson, Wilson, Smith, Wood ,
Zachary, Hall, Norton, Shelton,
Hedden, Monteith, Sutton, Sherrill
, Henson, Allen, Buchanan,
Farley, Watson , Wike, Enloe,
Owne, Ensley, Ashe, Long, Dillard,
Davis , Parker, Parris,
Painter, Coward, Rogers, Hyatt,
Henderson, Moss , Middleton,
Potts, Parks, Shular, and Gunter.
The first case was placed on
docket for trial in the Superior
Court was State versus Adam
Mathis. The second was John B.
Allison and Woodford Zachary
versus Elisha Holden. The nature
of neither case is stated in the
record.
David Rogers, among the
youngest of these first county
officials, 40 years younger than
some of them was the last to pass
away. He died in the late Twenties
at his home in Cullowhee. At
the age of 94 he was as young and
sprightly in spirit as he was on
that autumnal morning in 1855
when he moved into the new
courthouse at Webster, as the
county's first clerk of the court.
The first State cOurts were six in
number and the judges and
lawyers proceeded from one to
another on horseback. For several
years prior to 1778 there
were no courts in North Carolina
unles they were single magistra·
cies which had jurisdiction of
petty offense and civil actions.
In 1868 these time-honored
though somewhat antiquated
courts were abolished and a
different procedure was adopted
by the state. Jackson county now
has the Superior court, and the
courts of the justices of the peace.
SPRING, 1975
Ottis Self ,
A Distinguished Citizen
By Mildred Cowan
Rubert Ottis Self, eldest child of Dr. William and Octavie Cowan
Self, was a distinguished citizen of Webster, of Jackson County, and
the entire stale of North Carolina. He was born at Franklin, North
Carolina in 1884. His parents returned to live at Webster where Ottis
attended public school. He was later a student at Cullowhee Normal
School, now Western Carolina University, and finished in the class of
1904.
He taught in the public schools of Jackson County in 1005; was
principal of Wakelon High School, Zebulon, North Carolina, in 1906;
and taught at Calvert in Transylvania County in 1907. He was
superintendent of public schools in Jackson County in 1908 and 1909.
During 1910 he was southern representative for the American Book
Company.
In 1911 Mr. Self became Clerk of the North Carolina Senate in
which office he served u,ntil19l9. During this period and until1940, he
held a number of Important positions in civil life and state
governments. He was active in the Kiwanis Club 'the Masonic
Knights of Pythias, and Odd Fellows Orders. Mr. Self's life and
career are further reviewed in a letter written by his daughter, Mrs.
Lura Self Tally, to me, her father's cousin.
Mrs. Tally is presently serving in the North Carolina Legislature
as 20th District Representative from Fayetteville, North Carolina.
Her letter follows:
North Carolina General Assembly
House of Representatives
State Legislative Building
Raleigh, 77611
Lura S. Tally March 18, 1975
20th District
Home Address: 3100 Tallywood Drive, Fayetteville, N. C. 28303
Miss Mildred Cowan
PO Box 116
Webster, North Carolina 28788
Dear Mildred:
Thank you very much for writing to me about my precious father.
shall try to write down a list of information for you.
Continued on Page 3
Historic Webster, Spring 1975, Page 2
Probable Date, the late Eighties
By Eliza beth Keys
Miss Margaret Anne Hunter,
our good neighbor on Caney Fork
Creek, is indeed an extraordinary
lady of 94 years <come May 3) ;
much kin d ness and a lov ing
heart. Also, Miss Mag twinkles
with bright wit in recounti ng
marvelous stories which are fond
a nd wonderful memories to her .
For ma ny, many yea rs, Miss
Mag has been a Special Person to
this writ er , but last week was our
firs t li te r a ry e ncount er in a
formal interview, for the "Webster
Hi s toric a l Soc ie ty News·
letter. "
Miss Mag emanates s trength ,
integrity, and in telligence. Her
delightful sophis ticat ion did not
spring from a ttending the Wo·
mens' College of Greensboro. Her
own nat ura l intellectua l curiosity
has kept her current and cognizant
with day to day events
local a nd world wide. Also, she
was an aware and observing li tt le
girl. Her brown eyes da nced as
she said that she and her younger
brother . Ra lph. were not greatly
im pressed with Sylva upon their
a r r iva l from Texas. 80 plus yea rs
ago. Texas. even in those days.
was known as " Big Country". so
the Smoky Mounta in hollows may
The hot el. a t this time. was the home and to right a re the servants Major Wells and Aunt have seemed cramped at first
business of Felix and Annie Ca rt er Leatherwood. Zelia Wells. The next three men are unknown . arrival. " The old g ray ho rse
The latticed banni ste rs and supp.crt-!!'!g cc!~mns.-cf-- Sca-:iX! neao. tli·c--c-o-:umu ·~ .1r-s-:-f' :·i :.: ::.ea ih-er --h~:ch cd :an pas: :ocn; by. n;od r;-o:
the porches were typical. at that time. of a number wood. with daughter Ethel and Ellen on each s ide . many houses in Sy lva then---!"
of houses in the Webster area. Standing as a group are her three older daughters. sti ll last in ~e r me.mo r~.
This picture was published in an early edition of May. Lee. and Belle. Leaning aga inst a column is The beauuful white . f1 ve ga ~l e
llis to1·ic \\'c bs tt·,·. but we th ought it wor th daught er Annie.Seatedwithpropped up fee tis Dr. Hunter H ~ m es t ea d,. where M1ss
1·epubli s hing beca use of the information furn ished Will Tompkins. The ot her people on the porch Mag has lived dunng her years
about the occupants of the porches b~· Mrs. Vernon cannot be identified. here. sta rted as a one room
Strou pe, Sr. , grandd a ughter of the F . H. In close proximity. about twenty fee t away, and cabin. bu ilt before her Daddy
Leatherwood's. Mrs. St roupe says. from what her back of the picket fence on the r ight ca n be seen a went West. That one-hundred-mother
Mrs . Lee Potts told her. most of the people portion of the Coward Hotel. home of Nathan year old cabin , pegged door and
can be identifi ed. Coward and hi s family . Both hotels were a ll. is st ill intact to see as pa rt of
To the left on the ups ta irs porch are Mr. and destroyed in the 19 10 disastrous fire which the Big House w ~ ich was .later
Mrs. Schreiber. On horseback. ha lf hidden by the originated in the Mount a in View. added by the builder , En cson
fence. is Joe Sher rill. On the lower porch from left Lovedahl from Sweden . Some of
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Robert lee Madison
Education in Western
North Carolina,
Nineteenth Century
By .Joe Parker Rhin eha rt
Educa tion 101 A
December t2. 1 !)5~
At Sylva, a Mr. Page from
Ma ine ta ught the first part of the
t887-1888 year and Mr. Madison
took over at the mid-term . A
sudden and serious illness prevented
hs fini s hi ng the year.
After a recovery trip to Alabama
a nd Tennessee, he returned to
SUi f
Editors :
Mrs. Louise Davis
Ms. Alice Harrill
Dr. Marilyn Jody
Circulation
Mana ger :
Mrs. J ennie Lou Hunter
Typists:
Mrs. Sar ah Barrell
Mrs. Jennie Lou Hunter
Contr ibutors:
Mrs. Elizabeth Keys
Mr. Claude Cowan
Dr . Richard W. Jobst
Miss Mildred Cowan
Mrs. Vernon Stroupe , Sr.
Ms. Belly Price
Sylva in time to teach the
t888-t889 term.
The public money of the distr ict
had been spent on patent desks,
(the first in Jackson county), so
the school operated as a subscri
ption school.
Here Professor Madison had
forty pupils, ages 6 to 23, in
classes ranging from ABC's to
F'rench.
The grading system was different
from present day methods.
A one merit card was issued to
each student for being present, on
time, good behavior, good lessons,
and abstention from dis·
turbing others. Five one-merit
cards were exchanged for a
five-merit card ; five five-merit
cards were swapped for a twenty
five-merit card; a nd four twenty
five-marit cards were traded for
a hundred merit certifica te. A
student could acquire a hundr edmer
it cer tificate every month if
his record was excellent every
day of the four school weeks.
After Mr. Madison assumed
duties as editorr of the Tucka·
seigee D emocrat~. in January 9,
1889, he divided his day between
classroom and newspaper duties .
All nights except Friday were
spent in school work . Friday
nights were given to the literary
society at the public hall.
Al the beginning of the fa ll of
1888, Madison had subscribed to
several leading educational jour·
nals. including Sc hool Journa l
and the Teac her's Inst it ute. and
had several leading educa tor 's
writings. Before the fa ll term was
over he had organized a group of
practice teachers. " As fa r as I
know th is was the first attempt
ever made to practice teaching in
this county." It was on a sma ll
scale and participa tion was voluntary
.
Madison stayed at Sylva, but
with an intention of starting a
public school. Here he became
impressed with the needs of a
perm a ne nt in s t it ution for this
mountainous section. The inst i tu~
tion would not only give the young
people better pre pa r at ion or
foundation for their future voca·
tions , but would a nswer the acute
need for preparing teachers for
the county and village schools.
"Fortunately fo r me and for
the educationa l future of th is
region , the genera l assem bl y of
t889 had abo lished the then
existing eight normal schools and
had provided in their stead the
money previously set apar t for
them should be expended for
teacher's ins titutes to be held
annua lly for the duration of a
week or more in each county in
the state.
The teacher 's insti tute lead to
the turning point in Professor
Madison's li fe.
the sta tely trees. as well as the
immense silo, were vict ims of
high wi nds in the past. There is
litt le need now for the ca ttle
fee ding s tation as Miss Mag no
longer continues Ra lph Hunter 's
registered Hereford herds since
his demise two yea rs ago. Ra lph
Hunter was the greatest a uthori
ty on Hereford cattl e and blood
lines in th is region. His da ta and
papers would be a prime acquisition
for the Western Carolina
University Archi ves.
Miss Mag knows so ma ny
things; such as, it is a fact tha t
Caney Fork Creek was so named
because the Master-Cra ftsman
Basket Weavers of the Cherokee
preferred the Caney r vi'k canes
above a ll others for their art
work. The superio rity of these
canes lies in the clim ate of the
Ca ney Fork Valley which is a
therma l pocket tha t protects the
canes from becoming brittle with
heavy freezes. Th us the ca nes
respond in flex ibili ty in working
into the exquis ite des igns and
techniques of basketry of the
Cherokee.
Miss Mag's Daddy, Mr . J ohn
Hunter , was the fi r st Caney Fork
resident to pay for posta l delivery
to his home. Then, the mai l came
by way of the new ra ilroad to
Sylva , was waggoned to Cull owhee
and East LaPorte , and
forwa rded by horseback up Caney
Fork, John 's Creek, and the
Rich Mounta in Section.
Earlier , John Hunte r had removed
to Texas a fter four year s '
active duty with the Confederate
Army . With his young wife ,
Minerva Brown Hunter , he esta·
blished his home is Sage, Texas,
where their three children were
born. The cat tle bus iness prospered
and all was well until Miss
Minerva came down with " Deser
t Feve r ". So, her hu s ba nd
brought her home, with their
little ones, to the beautiful Blue
Ridge to recover. For Minerva , it
was too late , but her three
children flouri shed - . the two
daughters pa ssed 90 years each,
a nd the son, Ra lph, atta ined 86.
Miss Mag reca lls her Grandmother
Brown's food preserving
from those ea r ly years. Little
gray, glazed ceramic jars were
the con ta iners. Hot cooked food
was poured into the hot. scalded
jars . and sea led with tissue pa per
soa ked in hot bees wax . This was
snugged down ta ut ov er the
mouth of the ja r with a str ing
winding a round the wa xed paper
overha nd at the top of each jar .
Sounds delicious. doesn't it ?
Miss Mag has greeted me so
oft en a t he r ever- hos pit ab le
home. I ca nnot count the times. It
is mostly the summer season
though. when I ride horseback up
that \Vav a nd vis it with my
wonderflil fri end. But. never unt il
our recent int erview. had Miss
I\ lag shown me the anc ient. hand
appliqued quilt. a fam ily heirloom.
It so im pressed me tha t I
inq uired about it at the Tryon
Pa lace Sympos ium which I re-
•ti a-ii cnded i11 '~c ' Be .
Nor tli Ca rolina . The discussions
of the Sympos ium we re con cerned
with Eighteenth Cent ury
deco r a ti ve Art s in the Early
Ame ri can Homes . T he Celebrated
a utho rity on Eight eenth
and Nineteenth Century Text iles.
Miss Mil dred B. Lan.icr of the
\Vill iamsburg Hcst orat ion Staff.
gave marvelous lec tures on Textiles
in the Southern Homes in the
sevent eenth and eighteen th centuries.
As I descr ibed as fully as
possi ble 1\liss Mag's qui lt. Miss
La nier and the class were very
much interested . Miss La nier .
without hav ing seen it. could give
only an educat ed guess rega rding
the. qui lt. However. it seems to be
one of the priceless sur vivors of
the age when glazed cott on chintz
was sti ll being imported from
Engla nd . The Rose Madder. and
brown India P rints were pre-cut
for quilting and a lso expor ted to
Ame ri ca f rom England. Miss
Mag's quil t is enha nced in value
on account of the hand woven
linen back ing. the " Mint Condition"
(a ter m meaning extremely
va luable J and " Made in Amer ica"
. A conservat ive guess would
place the quilt as t20 to t30 yea rs
old. Perhaps Webster Histo rica l
Society can help us to further
identify this ma rvelous treasure.
a nd oth ers which a re tucked
away in brides ' chests from long
ago. We need photographs in
detai l to submit for appraisa l.
We are certa in ly indebted to
MisS Mag for the interview---.
maybe there will be more.
Hlsloric Webster, Spring 1975, P age 3
The North Carolina Senate Is Pictured In Session in 1917. The inset is Robert OHis Self.
The Felix H. Leatherwood Family at Webster, North Carolina
September, 1891
Left to right and standing: Mrs. F. H.
Leatherwood, who before her ma rriage was Annie
Lavenia Cartsr ; da ughter Laura Belle, (Mrs.
Marcellus Buchana n, Sr. ), daughter F lorence
May (Mr s . J . E. Divelbiss, Sr .), daughter Lillian
Lee <Mrs. R. P . Potts. Sr. ), seated : daughter
Ellen Elvira (Mrs. G. C. Picklesimer), daughter
Ethel La vinia <Mrs . Coleman Cowan ), daughter
Anna Carter <Mrs . M. Donaldson Cowan ). In
front : only son, Roy F . Leatherwood.
Absent from the picture is the husband and
father, Felix Ha rrison Leatherwood, who was a
tra veling salesman for Sanford, Chambers, and
Alber s, drug wholesalers of Knoxville, Tennessee.
This family group picture, evidently made by a
traveling photographer (quite common in that
era) was taken just below the Mountain View
Hotel, home of Felix and Annie Carter Leatherwood.
In the background and enclosed with a fence
is the rose garden of Mrs. Leatherwood. On the
opposite side of the street is the home of Dr. W. C.
Tompkins, and above it is the Spake house, later
occupied by Garey and Ellen Picklesimer. and
still later by the Andy Allisons.
Picture and information furnished by Mrs.
Vernon Stroup, Sr. of Asheville, North Carolina.
Mrs. Stroup is a granddaughter of Mr. and Mrs. F.
H. Leatherwood.
Ottis Self, cont.
-Continued irom page I
As you probably know, after his father died, my father taught in
the one-room school house there in Webster. - He received his
education from Western Carolina, during which lime he often ta ught
since a school master was needed; and he, evidently. was a most
alert and intelligent young man.
He later worked with the Wachovia Bank in Wilmington, often
commuting on weekends back to his beloved mountains and to his
widowed mother. A little later, he served with Wachovia Bank in
Statesville, North Carolina where he mel my mother , Sarah Cowles,
who was the local teacher of music. They were ma rried on the
Cowles family farm in the summer of 1918. During this lime, my
father was also serving in the Nor th Carolina Stale Senate as chief
clerk.(! have his gold cane). I am now having a picture copied which
included him in the legislative body of 1917. He was chairman for the
entire Stale for the sale of Liberty Bonds from 1917 through the end of
the war. Aboull920, he and my mother came to Raleigh. He, to begin
his career with the old North Carolina Corpora tion Commission
Oa ter, the North C~"oli na Utili ties Commission) with which he
stayed 30 years.
He and my mother had five children, of which four a re living. My
older brother, Bobby, died in infa ncy. My s ister s a r e Eleanor Self
McCall (Mrs. J. A. McCall) of Stone Mountain, Geor gi a and Mrs.
Nancy Self Stanley (Mrs. Lester Stanley) of Smithfi eld , North
Carolina, my brother is Capt. USN William Cowles Self, of Panama
Canal Zone and, of course, me, Lura Self Ta lly, from Fayetteville,
North Carolina. There are 14 grandchildren a
Historic Webster Vol. 9 No. 1
No full textHistoric Webster is a newsletter of the Webster Historical Society, Inc., created at the Society’s founding in 1974. The publication helped to serve the Society's mission of collecting and preserving the history of Webster, North Carolina. Webster, established in 1851, was the original county seat for Jackson County.news letter of the Webster Historical Society. Inc.
VOLUME IX, NUMBER 1' WEBSTER, NORTH CAROLINA SPRING, 1983
Lilian Buchanan Began Libraries
By Lillian Wyatt Hirt
Once in a great while,
there comes along one who
is so devoted to a cause, and
expresses that devotion with
such enthusiasm, that others
inevitably are drawn to it.
Lilian Barker Buchanan is
such a person, and her cause
has always been LEARNING;
its chief vehicle,
books. Not just books to
stand on a shelf. Books to fill
libraries, and to be circulated
to people. Books to
edify and inform, to open the
minds of readers and lead
them toward understanding
of themselves and of the
world.
Lilian Buchanan has lived
a long and useful life, most
of it in Jackson County. Two
monumentS to her passion
and determination stand
now in the county: Jackson
County Public Library in
Sylva, and Hunter Library
on the campus at Western
Carolina University. Other
monumentS may be found in
the heartS and minds of hundreds,
if not thousands, of
local people and former
WCU studentS.
Although retired since
1967, and by now unknown to
Society Plans Four
Summer Evenings
Summer, 1983, will be an
exciting time to be in
Webster.
The Webster Historical
Society is planning a series
of "Summer Evenings in
Webster" for June and July,
and it invites natives and
visitors to attend the eventS.
Scheduled for Sunday
evenings at five thirty
o'clock, the programs will
feature Society members in
concertS and readings.
Mildred Cowan, Webster's
former postmaster and the
Society 's president and
music director at the
Webster Baptist Church,
will open the series with a
concert of music popular in
Webster during the late
nineteenth and early twentieth
centuries. The concert
will be in the Webster United
Methodist Church on June
26.
Lillian Hirt, Cullowhee, a
long time member of the
Society and a recently
published poet who writes
for Historic Webster, will
read the works of widely
known Webster associated
poets-Charlotte Young,
who taught at Webster
School, William Bird,
former Western Carolina
University president, and
her own material. This program
will also be at the
Webster United Methodist
Church on July 3.
Janice Monteith and Curtis
Blanton, former Webster
residentS, no living in Clinton,
Tennessee, will present
the July 10 concert of
religious music of the
Webster churches during
the late nineteenth century.
This concert is in conjunction
with the day long
celebration of the 130th anniversary
of the Webster
United Methodist Church.
The music t.'le Blantons will
present is taken from the
church records of 1882.
Janice Blanton writes a column,
"Reflections," for
Historic Webster.
The series will end with an
outdoor concert with
Spencer and Mary Clark on
the lawn of the Doug and
Louise Davis house on North
Main Street, now the home
of Hilda and Huck Hoffman.
The public should bring
blanketS and cushions for
sitting and enjoy the soft
sounds of the Spencer Clark
Trio. The Clarks moved to
Webster years ago when
they retired from the concert
stage in the North.
All of the programs are
free and the Society invites
all to visit the village which
was Jackson County's
original seat of government
and spend a summer evening
with the sights and
sounds of Western North
Carolina heritage.
many who came later, Mrs.
Buchanan's influence and
the results of her work here
will live on and on. To
understand her tremendous
impact, one must consider
her background and note
that every step she made led
directly toward goals she set
for herself.
Lilian Barker was born in
1896 in Charleston, West
Virginia, where her father
owned a lumber business.
He extended his operation
by buying a tract of 50,000
acres in Clay, Cherokee and
Graham counties in North
Carolina, and moved his
family to Andrews. As Lilian
herself related, there was no
school in Andrews at that
time, so her parentS brought
with them a governessteacher
.Jrom Charleston.
They were determined that
their children should have
every possible chance for
education. They had a
schoolroom, complete with
blackboard, in their house ;
and the four-year-Qld Lilian
would ease the door open
and listen as older siblings
did their lessons. Even then,
she was eager to learn.
Fifth in a family of eleven
children, she was reared in a
home headed by a scholarfather
and a musicianmother.
Fortunately, there
was enough money to provide
the stimulation required
by :::: e;;g~r r.:.inJ.
This one had cultural and
educational opportunities
considerably beyond the
norm in that time and place.
Lilian finished high school
in Andrews (public schools
having been established by
that time) , and in 1919 came
to teach at Sylva Collegiate
Institute. The Chairman of
the Board at SCI was a successful
Sylva attorney, later
Continued On Page 2
Eleanor Roosevelt came to Western North Carolina to address the students at Western
Carolina University through the efforts of librarian Lilian Buchanan. <Photo from University
Archives.)
Page 2, HISTORIC WEBSTER, Spring, 1983
Lilian Buchanan FoundE
Continued From Page I
District Attorney, Corsey C.
Buchanan. He and Lilian
Barker were mutually attracted
, married , and
became the parents of one
son, John. She later described
her husband as "a very
distinguished-looking real
southern gentleman". (His
life and career could well be
the subject of other articles.
He died of a heart attack in
1952. )
Because she always
sought learning, Lilian
enrolled at Cullowhee Normal
(now WCU) to continue
her studies. She was to earn
the bachelor of science
degree here, the master of
science degree at Columbia
University, and do additional
studying at other institutions.
At this point, one must
decide what to include and
what to omit from this narrative.
No one paper could
come close to defining the
event-filled life of this amazing
woman. Here, then, we
shall confine our words to
the high spots of her activities
on behalf of libraries
in Jackson County.
In her own quest for learning,
Lilian had to travel by
train to Asheville to study at
Pack Memorial Library.
This, of course, underscored
her conviction that there
should be a library nearer
home, for surely others
would need it, too.
Remembering that her
father had secured a library
for Andrews from the Andrew
Carnegie Foundation,
she reasoned that she should
be able to do the same for
Sylva. She went to the
Carnegie office in New York
with her request, only to be
told that the Foundation had
discontinued that phase of
its work.
Lilian Buchanan was
never one to be put off by a
" no" . She came back to
Sylva and approached Mr.
C.J. Harris, a wealthy industrialist
with extensive
holdings in Jackson County,
who then lived at Dillsboro.
(Previously, she had
organized a literary club in
Sylva, composed of young
women who shared her interest
in learning.)
Mr. Harris was reluctant,
because he felt that the people
themselves should show
interest in a library and be
willing to put some effort into
it. Again undiscouraged,
Lilian and her friends went
about the community asking
for donations of books and
even for library quarters. At
length , their collections
grew to a size that convinced
Mr. Harris of need for a
library. He gave his support,
and the Jackson County
Library was born. Its
history is well documented.
Lilian contributed her services
as librarian, and asked
the North Carolina Library
Commission to send someone
here to teach her the
Dewey Decimal System of
Classification.
Mrs. Buchanan accepted
the post as assistant
librarian at Western
Carolina Teachers College
in 1930, and two years later
became head librarian. She
took what was, by today's
standards, a primitive
operation, and began immediately
to concern herself
with improving its quality.
Those who have known
her through the years will
remember that when the
library was in Joyner
Building, with very limited
facilities, she ran a "taut
ship" and gave full attention
to even the most minute
details. She always studied
for the future, and was to
live to see much of her planning
become reality.
Throughout the thirtyseven
years of her tenure,
her duties were heavy and
varied. In addition to normal
library duties, she spent
considerable time teaching
and lecturing on the nature
and uses of college libraries.
She served as chairman of
the Library Committee, and
ex officio member of the
Committee on Instruction.
So eager was she to make
the library and its services
relevant to classroom needs,
she studied the catalog and
. conferred often with instructors
and department heads.
She was fully conversant
with curriculum and course
content in every department.
In addition, she was
also on the lookout for any
outside material that might
be applicable to specific
courses, and would call it to
the attention of concerned
faculty.
At last, opportunity came
to expand the library; and
not a moment too soon, so
far as Mrs. Buchanan was
concerned. She has been
given full credit for leading
in the planning of the present
Hunter Library, occupied
in 1953. Again, those
familiar with the scene thirty
years ago will recall with
what intense energy she pursued
the planning and construction
of that building.
She visited outstanding
libraries in many parts of
the country, including Harvard's
Widener Libra~y , to
gain information and see
how certain features might
be adapted to the needs and
the budget of Western
Carolina.
Promoting her own ideas
and those gleaned from
other institutions, Lilian
literally dug in her heels for
the long battles ahead. She
knew they were sure to
come, for she would insist on
some features that would
seem unnecessary, if not
outlandish, to those unfamiliar
with the inner
workings of a library.
She fought for Hunter
Library. She fought administration,
faculty, and
trustees when necessary, to
assure that the facility
would be the best and most
modern it could possibly be.
She was zealous in keeping
an eye on local and state
budgets, and made no bones
of her intention to see that
allocations were kept in proper
perspective. She felt
that the library was at least
as important as the athletic
program (to her, of course,
much more so) , and did not
hesitate to speak up in that
regard.
Mrs . Buchanan had
friends in high places, both
political and social, and did
not mind using those connections
when to do so would advance
the cause of the
library and the school as a
whole.
Hunter Library became
quite literally the cultural
center of Western North
Carolina, at least for a long
while. The gallery, with its
adjoining kitchen, served
numerous purposes, and in
its time, was the only such
place available west of
Asheville. In it were held
multiple campus events
such as banquets, dances,
teas, recitals, benefit bridge
parties , lectures , conferences,
and many others.
The kitchen was well
equipped with sturdy china,
glassware, silverware, and
cooking utensils. Three hundred
people could be served
comfortably. A staff lounge
near the gallery, student
lounge on the main floor,
faculty lounge on the top
floor, with adjoining roof
garden-all were important
to the quality of campus life,
both academic and social.
Eventually, of course, these
features would have to be
converted to strictly
utilitarian purposes as the
school grew and the library
became overcrowded. (Arecent
addition to Hunter
Library has more than
doubled the floor space, and
facilities unheard of in the
earlier days have been added.)
Free movies, latest productions
as well as classics,
were shown in the gallery
every Thursday all day and
evening, with the use of professional
projectors.
The gallery also served as
art gallery and showcase for
specialized displays. In this
connection, Mrs. Buchanan
had arranged for fine art
works to be available for circulation,
which could be
checked out in the same
manner as books. Through
her efforts, funds were raised
to have portraits painted
of all the institution's
presidents, from Madison to
Reid, to be hung in the
library. Likewise, some of
her own friends raised funds
for her portrait, which was
also hung in the library.
No words about Mrs.
Buchanan would be complete
without mention of her
many years of service as
head of the Concert and Lectures
Committee (originally
known as Lyceum Committee).
Through that medium,
she brought · to Western
North Carolina some of the
biggest names of the day in
entertainment, journalism,
politics, and literature. She
cared deeply about providing
opportunity for the
students, particularly, to be
!d Libraries
~xposed to a broad cultural
;pectrum.
If we have omitted much
nention of Lilian
3uchanan's community serlice
in Jackson County, it is
;imply because space
imitations do not permit
tdequate coverage of her
widespread interests and ac:
ivities.
She was one of the
·ounders of the Twentieth
~e ntury Club in Sylva,
which is still a powerful
:ommunity influence. She
was a charter member of
.he Cullowhee Garden Club.
lhe became interested in the
United Nations at its beginn~
· and spent several years
This portrait of Lilian
Buchanan hangs in the WCU
Hunter Library.
enlarging upon her
knowledge and speaking
about it to civic and educational
groups throughout the
state.
As years take their toll,
Mrs. Buchanan is no longer
physically active. She
resides now in a nursing
home in Texas, to be near
her son John and his family .
One should not be misled
by her inactivity, however.
That brilliant mind is as
sharp as ever, and despite
the limitations of arthritis,
she maintains a keen interest
in the world and its affairs.
As nearly as a human being
could qualify, she was
and is truly one of a kind.
Mrs. Lilian Buchanan Greets Visitors to
Western North Carolina
Mabel Wolfe Wheaton , sister of the Western North Carolina author, Thomas Wolfe, visited
the University and presented WoUe's portrait to Mrs. Lilian Buchanan and the library.
Lady Bird Johnson, wife of the President, and Janelle Moore, wife of Webster native,
Governor Dan Killian Moore, attended the dedication of the addition to the Hunter Library
in 1953. With Mrs. Johnson, Mrs. Buchanan, and Mrs. Moore are the University President
and Mrs. Paul A. Reid. Photos from Public Information , Western Carolina University,
Cullowhee, North Carolina .
Spring, 1983, HISTORIC WEBSTER, Page 3
By Suzie R. Bryson
Mrs. Lillian Buchanan, as
knew her during my
twenty-eight years of service
at Western Carolina
University, was my ideal
person. I worked eight years
at Moore Dormitory, on the
campus, but when the school
built Hunter Library, I had
the honor of being selected
as her maid for the library.
Along with my work, Mrs.
Buchanan taught me many
things : setting and arranging
tables, and serving
distinguished guests, which
I enjoyed very much. In
those days I was working for
a purpose : to educate my
children. I love people, so
my work was a pleasure and
an education.
Mrs. Buchanan was one of
the most! With her loyalty
and dedicated life she was a
great leader. Her motto was
to lift the standard of
civilization, among our people.
She reached out to help
the unfortunate ones. She
contributed much to the
social program of Western
Carolina University. She
demonstrated a dynamic
faith of tremendous unmet
needs . She distinguished
herself at Western Carolina
University. She weathered
"She had
a zeal
and
strength
to see
others
grow"
the storms which were not.
easy ones. It took prayer
and loyalty, built upon a
firm foundation, and she
realized it was not achieved
by her efforts alone. Behind
every good leader is a staff,
and with earnest cooperation,
she with her staff, did a
great job.
Mrs. Buchanan is like a
sturdy tree, its roots deep in
the subsoil by the waterside.
She had a zealous determination
to help others grow
in strength and statue.
I heard Mr. Roscoe Drummon,
from New York, say,
"I saw the key to Western
Carolina University tonight,
Mrs. Buchanan."
Had it not been for Mrs.
Buchanan, I would not have
had the honor of serving at
the University's receptions
and teas. Among
distinguished guests who
visited the library were Mrs.
Eleanor Roosevelt, Ms .
Margaret Truman, Mrs.
Lady Bird Johnson, Miss
Delia Reese and many
others.
Mrs. Buchanan took me to
Missouri, two trips to visit
her children, and they were
a dream of my life. Her encouragement
has helped my
children with the positions
they hold today.
Mrs. Susie Bryson, Lilian Buchanan's friend and helper, in
the Hunter Library kitchen .
Page 4, HISTORIC WEBSTER, Spring, 1983
Reflections Mrs. Louise Davis
Church
Plans
by Janice Monteith Blanton Events
Was she "Gossiping Gertie"?
Who secretly wrote
Webster High School
Ridgeruntier's "latest
loves" column for years
without anyone learning
his/her identity? "Gossiping
Gertie" was the Webster
School's most awaited column
because it revealed all
the obvious and known loves
of the school as well as lessknown
surprise budding
romances which no one
suspected .. No doubt when
students got their Ridgerunners
on Friday afternoon,
the majority flipped immediately
to the back page
to see if they made the lovenews
that issue. Was Mrs.
Louise Davis, Webster
School's twelfth grade
English teacher and sponsor
of the award-winning
Ridgerunner, author of this
popular student column?
Many of us students
suspected Mrs. Davis, but,
of course, she pleaded ignorance
and never admitted
to it. We'll never know for
sure.
Mrs. Davis, upon her marriage
to Doug Davis, moved
to Webster as a young bride.
While not a native of
Webster, she made outstanding
and important contributions
to the development
of Webster's youth and
to capturing Webster 's
heritage. English teacher,
sponsor of the school
newspaper, The Ridgerunner,
Sunday School teacher,
supporter of Webster's
youth, alder "woman," and
originator of this publication
are but a few of the activities
to which Mrs. Davis
diligently gave her talents
and energies.
I doubt that one could talk
with any former student of
hers who would not state
that Mrs. Davis was one of
the best teachers he ever
had. "Strictly business" was
her approach in the
classroom; however, the
more we got to know her, the
more we could see that
behind her stern exterior
was an enjoyment, appreciation,
and love for
young people which could
not be easily hidden. She
knew English and taught it
to us in such a way that we
learned quite a bit in spite of
ourselves. Her vigor for
literature and dry sense of
humor made this study particularly
lively and enjoyable-
even Shakespeare
was not totally a waste
under her tutorage! Mrs.
Davis seemed to have an
unusually keen insight into
the personalities and
capabilities of her students.
This was evidenced each
year as she chose the senior
play to match the class and
then matched students to
various roles in the plays. It
seemed as if she observed
and evaluated her class during
the year, and Bingo,
toward the end of the year
came forth with a perfect
play for them! Often, she
put students in roles whom
no one else would have
thought could have ever
acted and made them stars,
and she always matched
parts and student personalities
perfectly.
Those of us who were fortunate
enough to be on The
Ridgerunner staff were able
to put what we learned in
Mrs. Davis' classroom into
practice. She was a tough
task-master as sponsor of
this publication and accepted
nothing but our best
efforts, both in the actual
writing of the articles and in
the mechanics of physically
getting the paper "off the
press." (I shudder to think
what choice words she
would have for the grammar
and mechanics of this article.)
This striving for excellence
which was
characteristic of all Mrs.
Davis' endeavors paid off
over and over again as The
Ridgerunner took top
awards in publication competition
through,the years. I
never will forget that when I
was a senior, we were frantically
putting together an
issue of the paper and trying
to get it ready to give out to
the student body at 3:00p.m.
It happened that this particular
issue was one which
we would enter into competi-ed
the Issue together and got
the copies delivered before
the bell rang. Afterwards, as
we were standing around
relieved and congratulating
ourselves for "pulling it
off," Mrs. Davis descended
upon us-more specifically,
on ME! She emphatically
pointed to the front page article
mentioned above and
read me the "Riot Act"
about the error of my ways.
Would you believe that in the
hectic rush (or maybe I
didn't know how to spell it? ),
I had spelled NOT medal,
but metal! Oh, boy, did I
ever know the difference in
the spelling of those two
words by 3:05 p.m. that
afternoon! Needless to say,
we redid the first page
before entering that issue in
competition. (It did win
though.)
A faithful member of the
Webster Methodist Church,
Mrs. Davis could usually be
seen walking to church each
Sunday morning with her Bible
and Sunday school book
in hand. Since she taught
adults, I was not exposed to
her Sunday school teaching,
but I have heard my Mom
and others attest to her fine
ability to vividly and accurately
teach the scriptures.
While we young people
had little direct dealings
with Mrs. Davis in the
church setting, we easily
sensed her strong support
for us and the work we did in
the church. We always felt
Mrs. Davis was proud of us.
7'Jt•h0R-5e..UO«.. ~ ~ .. ~'5\..6'( 1
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Ray P. Holland to Horace Kephart, February 20, 1929
No full textIn a letter to Horace Kephart on February 20, 1929, Roy P. Holland, Editor of “Field & Stream” congratulates Kephart on his namesake in the Great Smokies.RAY P. HOLLAND
EDITOR
ELTINGE F. WARNER
PUBLISHER
578 MADISON AVE.
NEW YORK CITY
Field & Stream'*
CONSERVATION
COUNCIL
D. R. ANTHONY, JR.
Congressman; joint Introducer of the Game
Refuge Bill.
HORACE M. ALBRIGHT
Superintendent of Yellowstone National Park.
BROOKE ANDERSON
Member of the Federal
Advisory Board of the
Migratory Bird Treaty
Act.
J. B. HARKIN
Commissioner of the Canadian National Parks.
GEORGE A. LAWYER
Former Chief United
States Game Warden.
WM. B. MERSHON
Sportsman — Author —
Conservationist.
E. W. NELSON
Ex-Chief of the U. S. Biological Survey.
HARRY S. NEW
U.S. Postmaster General;
joint Introducer of the
Game Refuge Bill in the
United States Senate.
T. GILBERT PEARSON
President of the National
Association of Audubon
Societies.
THEO. ROOSEVELT
First Executive Chairman
of the National Conference on Outdoor Recreation.
February 20, 1929
Mr. Horace Kephart,
Bryson City, H. C.
Dear Mr. Kephart:
Have yours of the 16th. Congratulations that you have a namesake. If anybody in
this world is entitled to have one of the peaks
of the Great Smokies named after him, you're the
man.
Sometime I'm coming down in that
country and catch some trout from the streams of
Mount Kephart.
Sincerely yours,
^,R^C
Dictated by Mr, Holland
but sigBti li kit itmm
RPHtFTC
Editor
Carolyn Spivey with Jimmy Haynie on guitar
No full textThis 1951 photograph shows Carolyn Spivey performing on CBS WTOP in Washington, D. C. with Jimmy Haynie on guitar. Founder and director of the Mountain Youth Jamboree, Hubert H. Hayes (1901-1964) auditioned and directed youth to perform in folk dance, music, and folk and ballad singing. The jamboree was held in the Asheville City Auditorium (now known as Thomas Wolfe Auditorium) from 1948 to 1973, and Hayes’ wife, Leona Trantham Hayes (1913-1989) continued to direct the program after his death in 1964. Hubert Hayes was an author, playwright, and alumni of Duke University
Park Museum to House Library of Author
No full textThis short news article, “New National Park Museum to House Library of Author,” from the New York Times reveals the disposition of the part of the Horace Kephart estate. A prolific writer, Horace Kephart (1862-1931) was noted naturalist, woodsman, journalist, and author and promoter of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.GETS KEPHART COLLECTION
WASHINGTON, Aug. 15.~The library, camping and fishing equip-
ment, notes representing many
years of research, maps and personal effects belonging to the collection
of the late Horace Kephart, author,
of Bryson City, N. C, have been
given to the museum to be established in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. The collection
is the gift of the Kephart family
and friends.
The library, while not unusually
large, is considered an important
acquisition, since it contains many
books, note* an •■■ ,i, ,* '■>
-,"5l v Tti n,. Southern Appalachian
Mountains in general and the Great
Smokies in particular. It also has
. , 1 i ,, ! >„ , , ,
i'ii :u-t nature
Carlos C. Campbell card
No full textCarlos C. Campbell (1892-1978) was a founding member of the Great Smoky Mountains Conservation Association. Formed in 1923, the association promoted the establishment of a national park in the Great Smoky Mountains. The archival material in this series is part of the records of the Smoky Mountains Hiking Club, formed after a group of outdoor enthusiasts hiked up to Mount LeConte in October 1924. Campbell was also a member of the club and is author of “Birth of a National Park,” published in 1960
Depolarization and decreased surface expression of K+ channels contribute to NSAID-inhibition of intestinal restitution
No full textNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) contribute to gastrointestinal ulcer formation by inhibiting epithelial cell migration and mucosal restitution; however, the drug-affected signaling pathways are poorly defined. We investigated whether NSAID inhibition of intestinal epithelial migration is associated with depletion of intracellular polyamines, depolarization of membrane potential (Em) and altered surface expression of K+ channels. Epithelial cell migration in response to the wounding of confluent IEC-6 and IEC-Cdx2 monolayers was reduced by indomethacin (100μM), phenylbutazone (100μM) and NS-398 (100μM) but not by SC-560 (1μM). NSAID-inhibition of intestinal cell migration was not associated with depletion of intracellular polyamines. Treatment of IEC-6 and IEC-Cdx2 cells with indomethacin, phenylbutazone and NS-398 induced significant depolarization of Em, whereas treatment with SC-560 had no effect on Em. The Em of IEC-Cdx2 cells was: −38.5±1.8mV under control conditions; −35.9±1.6mV after treatment with SC-560; −18.8±1.2mV after treatment with indomethacin; and −23.7±1.4mV after treatment with NS-398. Whereas SC-560 had no significant effects on the total cellular expression of Kv1.4 channel protein, indomethacin and NS-398 decreased not only the total cellular expression of Kv1.4, but also the cell surface expression of both Kv1.4 and Kv1.6 channel subunits in IEC-Cdx2. Both Kv1.4 and Kv1.6 channel proteins were immunoprecipitated by Kv1.4 antibody from IEC-Cdx2 lysates, indicating that these subunits co-assemble to form heteromeric Kv channels. These results suggest that NSAID inhibition of epithelial cell migration is independent of polyamine-depletion, and is associated with depolarization of Em and decreased surface expression of heteromeric Kv1 channels.ID: S0006295207001931; M3: Article; Accession Number: S0006295207001931; Author: L.C. Freeman (b); Author: D.F. Narvaez (a); Author: A. McCoy (a); Author: F.B. von Stein (c); Author: S. Young (b); Author: K. Silver (a); Author: S. Ganta (b); Author: D. Koch (b); Author: R. Hunter (b); Author: R.F. Gilmour (c); Author: J.D. Lillich (a, ⁎); Affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States; Affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; Keyword: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Keyword: Intestinal epithelial cells; Keyword: Membrane potential; Keyword: Potassium channels; Number of Pages: 12; Language: English;Source type: Electronic(1)http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edselp&AN=S0006295207001931&site=eds-live&scope=sit
Horace Kephart to Captain Dillin, April 7, 1924
No full textIn a letter to Mr. Dillin on April 7, 1924, Horace Kephart discusses his writing on rifles. Horace Kephart (1862-1931) was a noted naturalist, woodsman, journalist, and author and promoter of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.HORACE KEPHART
BRYSON CITY, N. C.
April ?, 1924.
My dear Captain Dillin:-
I was laid up for a time and so an answer to your last letter
has been delayed. I wish I could see "The Covered Wagon." Hough
was an old friend of mine. He got the material for his first
novel, "The Mississippi Bubble," in my collection and while a
guest at my home in St.Louis.
I have sent THE AMERICAN RIFLEMAN an article on the Hawken
rifles of St.Louis. It will appear before long. Woodmansee
wrote me that he had secured a good specimen. I gave mine to
the Mo. Historical Society.
I see the ad. of your book once more in the A.R. Hope they
will soon bring it out.
Am returning that fellow's letter herewith.
Sincerely
Horace Kephart to Dillin, February 27, 1924
No full textIn a letter to Mr. Dillin on February 27, 1924, Horace Kephart discusses Dillin's writing on rifles. Horace Kephart (1862-1931) was a noted naturalist, woodsman, journalist, and author and promoter of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.f
r?
! i
HORACE KEPHART
BRYSON CITY, N. C.
Feb.27, 1924.
Dear Mr.' Dillin:-
I have known some rascally publishers, but I never heard of
another who would mistreat a writer as that fellow did you.
As I had seen the advance notices of your book in The
American Rifleman, and naturally supposed it was in press, I
am surprised to learn that nothing seems to have been done
about bringing it out. The thing is a mystery to me; though
it would seem that the publishers issued the ad. in order to
learn how many advance subscriptions could be obtained before
risking money on publication. I hope they will soon issue the
book. .Not having seen the manuscript, of course I do not know
whether it is in proper shape for the printer. It takes
special technical knowledge to prepare matter for the press;
the compositor himself merely "follows copy," and if the
manuscript is not perfect in construction, punctuation, etc.,
its errors will appear in type as in the original, and in
that case it would cost more to correct the proofs than it
would have cost to hire an expert to revise the manuscript
and type it for the printer.
I quit the Outing Publishing Company last spring, and they
have gone bankrupt, leaving me in the hole. Since then I have
done no outdoor stuff but have been busy on a novel.
Sincerely,
<sf
- …
