8 research outputs found
Students of Secondary Schools of Ust-Medveditsky District During the Anti-Bolshevik Revolt on the Don River in the Spring-Summer of 1918
Get PDFThe article is devoted to a little-known episode in the history of the Civil War on the Don river – the participation of students of secondary schools of Ust-Medveditsky District of the Don Cossacks in the anti-Bolshevik revolt in the spring and summer of 1918. On the basis of the analysis of memories and periodical press, the author shows the role of students in the resistance to the Soviet regime in the early period of the Civil War.
The author draws our attention to the social composition of students and their relation to the Soviet regime, established in Ust-Medveditsky district in January 1918. Pupils of Ust-Medveditskaya gymnasium, dissatisfied with the resignation of the Director, organized the attack on the representative of local authorities. After the illegal assassination of one of the organizers, the teens joined the rebels of the Cossack villages of Ust-Medveditsky District. In spring of 1918 they joined the partisans and fought against the Red Army. Disorganization among the local Cossacks led to the collapse of the detachment and death of some participants. The population of the district praised the courage of fighting teenagers. The memory of the fallen defenders of the native land was immortalized in the works of Don writers.
Based on the analysis of military-political situation in the district, the author dwells upon the functioning of educational institutions in spring and summer of 1918. They collected donations to help the front.
In conclusion, the author points out that young people at the expense of their own lives pushed the adult population to take action
Scythian blade weapon in the studies of archaeologists of kyiv scientific school
No full textThe article discusses the history of studies of Scythian swords and daggers by the researchers of Kyiv
scientific school. The author critically analyzes the main theories referring to the general and particular
questions of blade weapon research.
The paper considers the questions of the origin and distribution and examines the problems of their
usage in battles and in rituals. The question of the Scythian sword origin there are three main hypothesis
outlined: Near East theory (by M. Rostovtsev and A. Meliukova), Central Asia theory (A. Terenozhkin,
V. Murzin, V. Klochko), and North Caucasus theory (O. Lieskov, Ye. Chernenko, S. Skoryi, S. Makhortykh,
Yu. Boltryk). The third version is considered as most common and scientifically grounded.
The ritual function of swords an daggers was analyzed by S. Bessonova in the context of research of the
Scythian religion. A philosophical search has a prominent place in the articles by Yu. Boltryk. Theoretical
studies of military affairs were conducted by E. Chernenko and S. Skoryi.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, researchers pay more attention to the interpretation of chance
finds. S. Skoryi joins the debate about the Scythian routs to the Central Europe. Distribution of swords and
daggers in the Black Sea region were analyzed by Yu. Boltryk.
The general perspective shows the concept of studying weapon as a social and ethnic marker. Recently,
researchers are increasingly paying attention to the possible ethno-cultural specifics of the Scythian weapon.
The issue of social and ethnic interpretation were examined by S. Skoryi, D. Grechko and S. Makhortykh.
Today most investigators assume that the Scythian nomads were the main carriers of blade weapon in the
area of Eastern Europe Forest-Steppe.Статтю присвячено історії вивчення мечів та кинджалів скіфського часу дослідниками київ-
ської школи археології
Influence of the kappa-opioid agonist RU-1205 compound in wide spread of doses on the effects of neuromediator analyzers: Bechavioral testing
No full textEffect of adjuvant drugs on the analgesic activity of opioid morphine analgesics and compound RU-1205
Get PDFIntroduction: Adjuvant medications can be used to increase the analgesic effect of opioid analgesics, reduce the manifestation of side effects, and also for premedication. This paper provides information on the effect of clonidine, haloperidol, metocloparmide, diazepam, midazolam on opioid analgesics: - morphine and the selective kappa-opioid agonist compound RU-1205. Materials and methods: A probable interaction between RU-1205, morphine and adjuvant drugs in pain behaviors was carried out on the model of somatogenic pain. 95 male mice received either RU-1205 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) and morphine (1 mg/kg, i.p.) separately or in combination with haloperidol (0.45 mg/kg, i.p.); midazolam (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.); diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.); metoclopramide (5 mg/kg, i.p.), and clonidine (1 mg/kg, i.p.). The analgesic effect was assessed by tail flick test. Registration of the latent period of the reaction was carried out 30, 60 and 90 minutes after the adjuvant drug administration. Results: When studying the interaction with morphine, it was found that clonidine, haloperidol and metoclopramide enhanced the effects; diazepam offset them, and midazolam had no affect on the analgesic properties. In the course of the studies, RU-1205 showed an increase in analgesic activity when combined with clonidine, a slight increase with midazolam, and a decrease when co-administered with diazepam. Haloperidol had no influence on the effect of RU-1205, while metoclopramide both potentiated and reduced the analgesic effect. Discussion: Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of RU-1205 with an α2AR agonist, benzodiazepine receptor agonists, D2P antagonist, and σ-receptor blocker were established. Conclusion: The presented data make it possible to more accurately formulate ideas about the localization and action mechanism of the kappa-agonist of opioid receptors, the compound RU-1205
Метаболизм микробиоты при критических состояниях (обзор и постулаты)
Get PDFThis article discusses the importance of eliciting the mechanisms of action and the metabolism of microbiota in the critically ill patients, as well as the role of nutrition specialist in the management of these patients.In critically ill patients the impaired regulation of endogenous metabolic processes and protein-energy deficiency are aggravated by abnormal microbiota metabolic processes. There is growing awareness of the importance of studying microbial metabolism in the general metabolic process. Its implications for the improved efficacy of treatment in critical care and rehabilitation are obvious.Current international intensive care guidelines are being constantly revised in response to the new research data available on the mechanisms of critical illness. The course of the latter may significantly associate with the metabolic activity of human microbiota. Active management of metabolic processes is being sought through the subordination of bacterial metabolism to the interests of the host. Both antimicrobial and bioformulations (prebiotics, metabiotics) will be used in the long term in a targeted manner with the control of key microbial metabolites through available laboratory monitoring tools.Based on the literature data and the original research, the author formulates postulates of the microbiota metabolism in critical illness, introduces the concepts of «invisible organ dysfunction» and «signaling bacterial molecules», offers answers to the eternal «what is to be done?» question and suggests using a number of microbial aromatic amino acids metabolites as an integral indicator of a course of critical illness.В данном обзоре обсуждается вопрос, почему нужно изучать механизмы действия и учитывать метаболизм микробиоты в организме тяжелобольного пациента, и каким образом специалисты в области клинического питания могут принять в этом самое активное участиеПри критических состояниях дисрегуляция эндогенных обменных процессов и белково-энергетический дефицит усугубляются изменением направленности метаболических процессов микробиоты. Растет понимание важности изучения микробного метаболизма в общем метаболическом процессе. Перспективность развития этого направления для повышения эффективности лечения в реаниматологии и успешной реабилитации пациентов очевидна.Существующие международные рекомендации по интенсивной терапии со временем могут быть пересмотрены в связи с появлением новых научных данных о механизмах критических состояний, связанных с метаболической активностью микробиоты человека. Идет поиск способов активного управления метаболическими процессами через подчинение метаболизма бактерий интересам хозяина. И антимикробные, и биопрепараты (пребиотики, метабиотики) в перспективе будут применяться целенаправленно, под контролем ключевых микробных метаболитов, с использованием доступных методов лабораторного мониторинга.На основе данных литературы и результатов собственных исследований автор формулирует постулаты о метаболизме микробиоты при критических состояниях, вводит понятия «дисфункции невидимого органа» и «сигнальных молекул бактерий», отвечает на вопрос «что делать?» и в качестве интегрального показателя предлагает использовать ряд микробных метаболитов ароматических аминокислот
Этиотропная терапия COVID-19: критический анализ и перспективы
Get PDFThe COVID-19 outbreak started in December 2019 in China has spread over all countries of the world within few month acquiring a pandemic nature, the incident population counting millions. The pathogenic mechanisms of the new coronaviral infection caused by never-before-seen virus SARS-CoV2 are yet to be studied. Various drugs are used for COVID-19 treatment and guidelines are continuously revised as new experience is acquired. In the current pandemic situation, it is important to provide specialists with latest information concerning efficacy and safety drugs for COVID-19 patients and promising research in this field.The purpose of the review is to critically analyze published data on outcomes of COVID-19 treatment with various drugs including potentially promising drugs.The search has been carried out through such databases as PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, https://www.globalclinicaltrialsdata.com, https://clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Library; mostly, randomized clinical trials-2020 and papers dedicated to candidate drugs have been considered. The paper is structured based on the drug’s action mechanism and contains parts dedicated to antiviral, immunomodulatory, and antibacterial therapies. Looking for a new promising target in COVID-19 treatment, the authors focus their attention on matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), which abundance results in the destruction of extracellular matrix, epithelial and endothelial basal membranes and leads to secondary lung tissue injury. The paper provides a theoretic justification of MMP inhibitor use by an example of doxycycline and offers an efficacy study protocol for the new approach to COVID-19 therapy.Conclusion: as of now, there are no drugs which efficacy for COVID 19 has been proven. Drugs possessing multiple mechanisms of action are employed beside their specified indications, often in combinations; in this situation, additive side effects with adverse consequences for the patient can hardly be avoided. Administration of drugs with unproven efficacy may be justified only in clinical trials followed by subsequent analysis and publication of findings demonstrating that in case of success, recommendations for a majority of COVID-19 patients could be confidently issued.Эпидемия COVID-19, начавшаяся в декабре 2019 года в Китае, за несколько месяцев распространилась на все страны мира, приняв характер пандемии, число заболевших исчисляется миллионами. Механизмы патогенеза новой коронавирусной инфекции, вызванной неизвестным ранее вирусом SARS-CoV2, остаются недостаточно изученными. Для лечения COVID-19 применяют препараты разных групп, по мере появления опыта рекомендации регулярно пересматриваются. В условиях текущей пандемии важно предоставить специалистам актуальную информацию об эффективности и безопасности лечебных препаратов, применяемых для лечения пациентов с COVID-19, и о перспективных исследованиях в этой области. Цель обзора — критический анализ опубликованных результатов лечения COVID-19 с использованием различных групп препаратов для выбора наиболее перспективных лекарственных средств.Поиск источников провели по базам данных PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library и др., рассматривали преимущественно рандомизированные клинические исследования 2020 года, а также работы по изучению препаратов-претендентов. Материал статьи структурирован по механизму действия препаратов, содержит разделы противовирусной, иммуномодулирующей, антибактериальной терапии. В поиске новой перспективной мишени в лечении COVID-19 концентрировали внимание на матриксных металлопротеиназах (ММР), избыток которых ведет к разрушению внеклеточного матрикса, базальных мембран эпителия и эндотелия, способствует вторичному повреждению легочной ткани. В работе теоретически обосновали применение ингибиторов MMP на примере доксициклина, предложили протокол исследования для оценки эффективности нового подхода к лечению COVID-19.Заключение. Лекарственных средств с доказанной эффективностью в отношении COVID 19 в настоящее время нет. Препараты с разными механизмами действия применяются не по показаниям, часто в комбинациях, в этих условиях трудно избежать суммирования побочных эффектов с неблагоприятными последствиями для пациента. Применение препаратов с недоказанной эффективностью оправдано лишь в рамках клинических исследований с последующим анализом и публикацией результатов, чтобы в случае успеха с уверенностью рекомендовать их большинству пациентов с COVID-19. Ключевые слова: COVID-19; противомалярийные средства; ингибиторы вирусных протеаз; противопаразитарные препараты; ингибиторы интерлейкинов; ингибиторы янус-киназ; интерфероны; плазма реконвалесцентов; кортикостероиды; прокальцитонин; антибиотики; новая мишень; матриксные металлопротеиназы, доксициклин
Gut microbiota analysis in colombian adult population associated with risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity
Get PDFilustracionesLa microbiota intestinal es la comunidad de microorganismos vivos del tracto gastrointestinal, la pérdida del equilibrio en ésta se ha relacionado con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) y obesidad; dos enfermedades de alta comorbilidad en las últimas décadas. El objetivo fue estudiar perfiles filogenéticos de la microbiota intestinal en adultos colombianos entre 40 y 70 años. Se realizaron jornadas de salud para el reclutamiento de voluntarios; se realizó valoración clínica a 535 participantes, que incluyó medidas de composición corporal y antropometría. Se aplicó la escala de riesgo FINDRISC y se extrajo muestra sanguínea para análisis bioquímicos; se recibió una muestra de materia fecal, para la extracción del ADN de la microbiota intestinal. El 70% de la población enrolada presentó alteración en el índice de masa corporal (IMC), el 50% riesgo a desarrollar DM2 y el 66% presentó riesgo metabólico.
Se seleccionaron 85 voluntarios para el estudio de microbiota intestinal, mediante secuenciación del gen 16S rRNA, utilizando la plataforma Ion Torrent de ThermoFisher. Los análisis bioinformáticos se realizaron sobre los resultados de 40 muestras discriminadas según IMC y el comportamiento glucémico, utilizando el Software QIIME 2TM, los análisis de biodiversidad y de biomarcadores microbianos se realizaron en el Software MicrobiomeAnalyst. Los filos bacterianos más abundantes fueron Firmicutes (49%), Bacteroidetes (39%) y Proteobacteria (7%); se observó que predominaron taxones microbianos asociados a un patrón de alimentación occidental. Se logró identificar catorce biomarcadores microbianos diferentes en cada subgrupo; se encontró relación estadística significativa entre familias, géneros y especies con diferentes parámetros clínicos asociados a disbiosis y de riesgo metabólico. (Texto tomado de la fuente)The gut microbiota is the community of living microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract,
the loss of balance in it has been related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and obesity; two
diseases with high comorbidity in recent decades. The objective was to study phylogenetic
profiles of the intestinal microbiota in Colombian adults between 40 and 70 years old.
Health sessions were held to recruit volunteers; A clinical assessment was performed on
535 participants, which included measurements of body composition and anthropometry.
The FINDRISC risk scale was applied, and a blood sample was taken for biochemical
analysis; a stool sample was received for DNA extraction from the intestinal microbiota.
70% of the enrolled population presented an alteration in the body mass index (BMI), 50%
risk of developing DM2 and 66% presented metabolic risk.
85 volunteers were selected for the intestinal microbiota study, by sequencing the 16S
rRNA gene, using ThermoFisher's Ion Torrent platform. The bioinformatic analyzes were
carried out on the results of 40 samples discriminated according to BMI and glycemic
behavior, using the QIIME 2TM Software, the biodiversity and microbial biomarker analyzes
were carried out in the MicrobiomeAnalyst Software. The most abundant bacterial phyla
were Firmicutes (49%), Bacteroidetes (39%) and Proteobacteria (7%); it was observed that
microbial taxa associated with a western feeding pattern predominated. Fourteen different
microbial biomarkers were identified in each subgroup; a significant statistical relationship
was found between families, genera and species with different clinical parameters
associated with dysbiosis and metabolic risk.MaestríaMagíster en Ciencias - Microbiologí
Abstracts of Tanzania Health Summit 2020
Get PDFThis book contains the abstracts of the papers/posters presented at the Tanzania Health Summit 2020 (THS-2020) Organized by the Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender, and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS) held on 25–26 November 2020. The Tanzania Health Summit is the annual largest healthcare platform in Tanzania that attracts more than 1000 participants, national and international experts, from policymakers, health researchers, public health professionals, health insurers, medical doctors, nurses, pharmacists, private health investors, supply chain experts, and the civil society. During the three-day summit, stakeholders and decision-makers from every field in healthcare work together to find solutions to the country’s and regional health challenges and set the agenda for a healthier future.
Summit Title: Tanzania Health SummitSummit Acronym: THS-2020Summit Date: 25–26 November 2020Summit Location: St. Gasper Hotel and Conference Centre in Dodoma, TanzaniaSummit Organizers: Ministry of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC); President Office Regional Administration and Local Government (PORALG); Ministry of Health, Social Welfare, Elderly, Gender and Children Zanzibar; Association of Private Health Facilities in Tanzania (APHFTA); National Muslim Council of Tanzania (BAKWATA); Christian Social Services Commission (CSSC); & Tindwa Medical and Health Services (TMHS)
