119 research outputs found
Facile Access to Isotopically Labelled Valylleucyl Anilides as Biomarkers for the Quantification of Hemoglobin Adducts to Toxic Electrophiles
No full textAn easy and efficient synthesis of valylleucyl anilide (HValLeuNHPh) and labelled HVal(C-13(5), N-15)LeuNHPh has been developed. Derivatization of these substances with oxirane, acrylonitrile, epichlorohydrin, glyceraldehyde and other aldehydes gives a series of reference substances and internal standards for the quantitative evaluation of human exposure to toxic electrophiles by quantitative determination of their hemoglobin adducts. Coupling of N-Z-N-Me-Val(C-13(5), N-15) OH with HLeuNHPh followed by hydrogenolysis affords NMe-Val(C-13(5),N-15 N)LeuNHPh for quantification of the exposure to methylating agents. (c) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005
A bibliography of Chukotko-Kamchatkan linguistics
No full textThe file is a selected list of papers related to the study of Chukotko-Kamchatkan languages published or written since the end of the 19th century until recent years
The sustainability of recycling systems?: The fundamental limits, system flexibility and resource use efficiency
No full textApplied Science
DPANN symbiont of Haloferax volcanii accelerates xylan degradation by the non-host haloarchaeon Halorhabdus sp.
No full textSummary: This study examines a natural consortium of halophilic archaea, comprising xylan-degrading Halorhabdus sp. SVX81, consortium cohabitant Haloferax volcanii SVX82 (formerly H. lucentense SVX82), and its DPANN ectosymbiont Ca. Nanohalococcus occultus SVXNc. Transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics demonstrated that the tripartite consortium outperformed individual and the Halorhabdus sp. SVX81 with H. volcanii SVX82 bipartite cultures in xylan degradation, exhibiting a division of labor: the DPANN symbiont processed glycolysis products, while other members performed xylan depolymerization and biosynthesis of essential compounds. Electron microscopy and cryo-electron tomography revealed the formation of heterocellular biofilms interlinked by DPANN cells. The findings demonstrated that DPANN symbionts can interact directly with other members of microbial communities, which are not their primary hosts, influencing their gene expression. However, DPANN proliferation requires their primary host presence. The study highlights the collective contribution of consortium members to xylan degradation and their potential for biotechnological applications in the management of hypersaline environments
Lift and Drag Forces for a Sphere on a Flat Wall in Non-Newtonian Shear Flow
No full textParametrical study of perfect steady rolling and steady state freely motion of spherical particle on the wall in shear flow of non-Newtonian fluid was carried out. In the case of perfect rolling the jumps of forces acting on a sphere in the moment of changing particle velocity from zero to positive were observed. Non-Newtonian properties of fluid lead to decreasing of drag force coefficient for low particle's velocity and to opposite effect for high velocity relative to Newtonian fluid. There is no such significant effect for a lift force coefficient. Steady state particle's velocity (Fd(Vpss)=0) increases for non-Newtonian fluid for both considered types of motion. Steady state particle's velocity and lift force coefficient are lower for the case of freely particle motion. Steady state rotational velocity decreases for non-Newtonian fluid
Сравнительный анализ использования метафор в русских, английских и китайских медиатекстах информационного и воздействующего характера
No full textThe authors analyze the issue of the relationship between metaphoricity in informational media texts and its speech impact on the recipient on the example of Russian, English and Chinese sources. As an initial hypothesis, the authors use the assumption based on the fact that media texts which differ in pragmatic characteristics contain a different index of metaphoricity. To test the hypothesis, a method was developed for calculating the indices of metaphoricity: density, intensity, functions, and the relationship of metaphors with the external and internal structure of the text. The values of these indices were consistently calculated for news reports in three languages, conditionally divided into two groups: informational and evaluative. The analysis showed that, according to the values of all indices, the metaphoricity of texts with an influencing potential is higher than that of texts that perform mainly an informational function. The “evaluation” texts have on average one and a half times more metaphors, they are much more intense, and they use more structural metaphors. In such texts, metaphors are more often found not in the main part of the text, but in the water part and in the conclusion, but in relation to the structure of the text - in them, metaphors are more often concentrated around the rhema. The results confirm the initial hypothesis: metaphoricity is indeed associated with potential impact, and metaphors are used by the authors of media texts to form an assessment of the subject of speech utterance. The proposed method for calculating the metaphoricity indices can be used as an effective tool for calculating this speech impact.Рассмотрена проблема взаимосвязи метафоричности в информационных медиатекстах и ее речевого воздействия на реципиента на примере российских, английских и китайских источников. В качестве исходной гипотезы авторы используют предположение, базирующееся на том, что медиатексты, отличающиеся прагматическими характеристиками, содержат различный индекс метафоричности. Для проверки гипотезы была разработана методика вычисления индексов метафоричности: плотности, интенсивности, функций и взаимосвязи метафор с внешней и внутренней структурой текста. Значения данных индексов были последовательно подсчитаны для новостных сообщений на трех языках, условно разделенных на две группы: информационные и оценочные. Анализ показал, что по значениям всех индексов метафоричность текстов, обладающих воздействующим потенциалом, выше, чем текстов, выполняющих преимущественно информационную функцию. В «оценочных» текстах в среднем в полтора раза больше метафор, они значительно интенсивнее, в них использовано больше структурных метафор. В подобных текстах чаще метафоры встречаются не в основной части текста, а в водной части и в заключении, а относительно структуры текста - в них метафоры чаще концентрируются вокруг ремы. Результаты подтверждают исходную гипотезу: метафоричность действительно связана с потенциальным воздействием, а метафоры используются авторами медиатекстов для формирования оценки относительно предмета речевого высказывания. Предложенная методика вычисления индексов метафоричности может использоваться как действенный инструмент вычисления этого речевого воздействия
On a criterion of incipient motion and entrainment into suspension of a particle from cuttings bed in shear flow of non-Newtonian fluid
No full textLift and Drag Forces for a Sphere on a Flat Wall in Non-Newtonian Shear Flow
No full textParametrical study of perfect steady rolling and steady state freely motion of spherical particle on the wall in shear flow of non-Newtonian fluid was carried out. In the case of perfect rolling the jumps of forces acting on a sphere in the moment of changing particle velocity from zero to positive were observed. Non-Newtonian properties of fluid lead to decreasing of drag force coefficient for low particle's velocity and to opposite effect for high velocity relative to Newtonian fluid. There is no such significant effect for a lift force coefficient. Steady state particle's velocity (Fd(Vpss)=0) increases for non-Newtonian fluid for both considered types of motion. Steady state particle's velocity and lift force coefficient are lower for the case of freely particle motion. Steady state rotational velocity decreases for non-Newtonian fluid
Movement of a Sphere on a Flat Wall in Non-Newtonian Shear Flow
No full textFor a particle on a wall or cuttings bed in a multiphase flow in confined geometries a condition for onset and lift-off is very important. In this case, a fundamental problem of hydrodynamic forces and torque acting on a particle moving near and on the wall in a viscous fluid needs to be solved.
In this paper, systematical simulation of a flow was performed around a perfect rolling or sliding spherical particle near the wall. A shear flow of Newtonian and Herschel-Bulkley fluids was investigated. The simulation was conducted for Reynolds numbers up to 200 and the dimensionless positive particle velocity Vp < 1.4. The relative particle velocity was made dimensionless by dividing it by the incoming flow velocity in front of the particle. The simulation was performed using the open-source CFD package OpenFOAM. The simulation results for Newtonian fluid agree with data presented in the literature.
For the particle’s low translational velocity the drag force coefficient in the non-Newtonian fluid is lower than in Newtonian fluid, but for increasing translational velocity the drag force coefficient increases.
The lift force coefficient behavior is non-monotonic versus rheology parameters. Lift and drag force show a sudden drop for very small translational velocities.
Our simulation shows that in the case of large Bingham numbers the particle’s lift force can be negative for steady perfect particle rolling. Thus, friction between particle and surface prevents particle’s take-off in some cases.
Knowing the dependence of the lift force on Reynolds number and rheological parameters allows one to determine incipient motion and take-off conditions for a spherical particle.</jats:p
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