6 research outputs found
Information-Seeking Behavior of Doctors at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
No full textPhysicians utilisation of internet medical databases at the tertiary health institutions in Osun State, South West, Nigeria
No full textPattern of Surgical Emergencies in Rural Southwestern Nigeria
No full textIntroduction: Considering the magnitude of deaths prevailing in the accident and emergency department (AED) in health facilities of sub-Sahara Africa, there is a need to have information on the burden of admissions and deaths due to surgical emergencies. Few studies in Nigerian hospitals in urban and suburban areas have been documented, but none in the rural setting. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the sociodemographic profile, causes and outcomes of admissions, and the pattern and causes of deaths due to surgical emergencies.
Methods: A retrospective survey using a data form and a predetermined questionnaire was used to review the patients admitted for surgical emergencies at the AED of a tertiary hospital in rural southwestern Nigeria from January 2015 to December 2019. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The results were presented in descriptive and tabular formats.
Results: Surgical emergencies constituted 43.9% of all admissions. The mean age of admissions was 42 ± 16.9 years, and majorities were in the young and middle-aged groups. There were more males (66.4%) than females (33.6%). Trauma(60.9%) of which road traffic accident (RTAs)(56.0%), was the leading mechanism of trauma. The mortality rate was 5.4% and was caused majorly by RTAs (33.0%), diabetes mellitus foot ulcers (11.0%), and malignancies (9.8%).
Conclusion: In this study, surgical emergencies constituted 43.9%, and a majority of the patients were male. Trauma caused by RTA is the most cause of admission. The mortality rate was 5.4%. This finding may provide an impetus for prospective research on this outcome
The role of diabetes self-care education and practice in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
No full textContribución a la investigación en insumos biológicos y apoyo al sector agrícola en la empresa Bioinsumos el Campo LTDA en Villavicencio-Meta
No full textIncluye figuras y tablas.La actividad inhibitoria de crecimiento micelial de los extractos de plantas como Syzygium aromaticum, Swinglea glutinosa, Capsicum annuum, Allium sativum, producidos por la empresa BIOINSUMOS DEL CAMPO LTDA, fueron evaluadas sobre aislados del hongo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. causante de la enfermedad antracnosis en el cultivo de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener) en el departamento del Meta, Colombia.
La prueba se utilizó el método de siembra directa del hongo sobre las cajas Petri donde previamente se hizo una dilución de un mililitro de producto sobre aproximadamente 800 ml de agar líquido. En la evaluación se midió el crecimiento radial de la cepa durante cuatro días. Entre los resultados obtenidos se destacan los extractos obtenidos de Syzygium aromaticum y Allium sativum, los cuales,
mostraron una capacidad de inhibición mejor que los otros tratamientos.
Adicionalmente, se evaluó el porcentaje de germinación de semillas de Zea mays, bajo el efecto de bioinsumos como lo son Trichoseed™, Fungi-soil™, Micorrizas, Microbens™ y Promobiol, frente al efecto de Acronis®-top y un testigo absoluto. La metodología constó de ensayos con previa imbibición de la semilla en agua y otro sin ella. La semilla se trató con la dosis ajustada de producto para el peso de 100 semillas y se dispuso en condiciones bajo metodología otorgada por el CYMMIT. Se evaluó el porcentaje de germinación obteniendo resultados favorables para las
semillas tratadas con Promobiol.The mycelial growth inhibitory activity of plant extracts such as Syzygium aromaticum, Swinglea glutinosa, Capsicum annuum, Allium sativum, produced by the company BIOINSUMOS DEL CAMPO LTDA, were evaluated on isolates of the
fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. causing anthracnose disease in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener). f. flavicarpa Degener) in the department of Meta, Colombia. The test used the method of direct sowing of the fungus on Petri boxes where previously a dilution of one milliliter of product was made on approximately 800 ml of liquid agar. In the evaluation, the radial growth of the strain was measured during four days. Among the results obtained, the extracts obtained from Syzygium aromaticum and Allium sativum, which showed a better inhibition capacity than the other treatments, stand out. Additionally, the germination percentage of Zea mays seeds was evaluated under the effect of bioinputs such as Trichoseed™, Fungi-soil™, Micorrizas, Microbens™ and Promobiol, against the effect of Acronis®-top and an absolute control. The methodology consisted of trials with prior imbibition of the seed in water and one without. The seed was treated with the adjusted dose of product for the weight of 100 seeds and arranged in conditions under methodology granted by CYMMIT. The percentage of germination was evaluated at the germination percentage was evaluated, obtaining favorable results for the seeds treated with Promobiol.Resumen. -- Abstract. -- Introducción. -- Objetivos. -- Objetivo general. -- Objetivos específicos. -- Marco teórico. -- Antracnosis (colletotrichum gloeosporioides). -- Antracnosis en maracuyá (passiflora edulis f. Flavicarpa. Degener). -- Uso de extractos vegetales para el control de la antracnosis (colletotrichum gloeosporioides). -- Porcentaje de germinación de semillas de maíz comercial híbrido . -- Agroinsumos utilizados. -- Trichoseed™ (Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma Koningii). -- Fungi-soil™ (Paecilomyces lilacinus + Trichoderma harzianum y Penicillium janthinellum). -- Micorrizas. -- Microbens™ (Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus acidofilus, Sacharomyces cerevisiae). -- Acronis®-top (Fipronil 20,5% + F500® (pyraclostrobin) 2,05% + metiltiofanato 18,44%). -- Promobiol (Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomona fluorescens y Azospirillum brasilense). -- Materiales y métodos. -- Descripción del lugar. -- Bioensayo en antracnosis (colletotrichum gloeosporioides) en maracuyá. -- Tratamientos. -- Obtención y purificación de cepas de Antracnosis (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). -- Extractos vegetales utilizados. -- Formula de Porcentaje de Inhibición de Crecimiento Miceliar (PICM). -- Ejecución de tratamientos. -- Bioensayo En Prueba De Germinación De Semillas De Maíz. -- Tratamientos. -- Material vegetal utilizado. -- Ejecución de metodología. -- Resultados. -- Resultados del bioensayo en antracnosis del maracuyá. -- Resultados bioensayo en prueba de germinación de semillas de maíz. -- Análisis de resultados. -- Bioensayo en antracnosis (colletotrichum gloeosporioides) en maracuyá. -- Bioensayo en prueba de germinación de semillas de maíz. --
Conclusiones. -- Recomendaciones. -- Bibliografía.PregradoIngeniero(a) Agrónomo(a)Ingeniería Agronómic
The Pathophysiological effects of adjuvant preoperative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy on patients with advanced rectal cancer
No full textIntroduction
The modern treatment of colorectal cancer consists of surgery, with or without adjuvant pre-operative radiotherapy, chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (APT) for
selected cases. In the United Kingdom, therapy may be given prior to surgery in an attempt to facilitate surgical excision and improve survival. However, there is some
evidence that APT in other cancers may adversely affect the patient’s health and increase the risk of operative morbidity. The association between functional capacity, represented by the maximum oxygen consumption per unit time (VO2max) as measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPEX), and the perioperative outcome is well established. A reduction in cardiopulmonary reserve may increase the perioperative mortality and morbidity; however, sufficient data to demonstrate this are not available yet.
This study examined the affect of APT on the cardiopulmonary status, body composition, cytokines assay, nutritional status and quality of life in patients with
colorectal cancer.
Methods
This is a pilot observational study performed on two groups of patients, no intervention was used at this stage. Group one received combined ChemoRadiotherapy and Group two received only pelvic radiotherapy. Cardiopulmonary function was measured with exercise bicycle to achieve Anaerobic
Threshold (AT) and Maximum Oxygen consumption (VO2max) using CPEX testing. Anthropometric parameters such as mid-arm circumference (MAC), Triceps skin fold (TSF), grip strength measurements (GS), Body weight, height and body mass index as well as extracellular water (ECW), intracellular water (ICW), total body water (TBW) and fat free mass (FFM) were measured using a Bio-electrical impedance analyser. 9 cytokines were measured using a Luminex assay in addition to CRP and albumin assessment. Nutritional status and quality of life were evaluated using two validated questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-C30 and PG-SGA). These assessments were made before and within two weeks after the administration of APT. Wilcoxon rank sum test represented in median and interquartile range was used to compare results before and after the exposure to APT.
Results
Between January 2010 and January 2011, a total of 36 patients with rectal cancer were recruited, 24 patients in group 1 had combined chemoradiotherapy (mean age 59.4, 18 males and 6 females) and 12 patient in group 2 had radiotherapy only (mean age 71.8, 10 males and 2 females). Group 1 had a significant decline in VO2max with p=0.005, an increase in the ventilatory equivalent ratio for CO2
(VE/VCO2) with p= 0.001, a reduction in TSF, MAC, GS and TBW with p- values of 0.007, 0.006, 0.010 and 0.000 respectively after APT exposure. Group 2 had no significant changes in their CPEX data, however, they showed a marked decline in TSF, MAC, GS, TBW and FFM with p- values of 0.013, 0.013, 0.002 and 0.034 respectively after APT exposure. Both groups showed a highly significant overall
reduction in the health related quality of life data with no significant changes in their plasma cytokines, CRP and albumin post APT.
Conclusions
These data suggest that APT has a significant effect upon the cardiopulmonary capacity with reduced VO2max as well as an increased VE/VCO2. There were also signs of fluid depletion and reduced muscle bulk represented by a significant reduction in TBW, FFM, MAC and TSF. Therefore, these important physiological changes could be deleterious and affect the peri and post-operative recovery and
increase the morbidity of surgery in colorectal cancer patients. In view of this, a period of optimisation following APT and prior to surgery may serve to minimise the
risk of such complications
