158 research outputs found
Optimal treatment of urolithiasis pain
No full text結石疼痛発作に対する日常臨床での処置方法を98名の泌尿器科医にアンケート調査し, その結果をもとに新たなプロトコールを作成し46例の結石疼痛に対する効果を検証した.アンケート調査では疼痛発作の治療の第一選択薬としてジクロフェナクナトリウムが75%と最も多く, 臭化ブチルスコポラミン, ペンタゾシンと続いた.第一選択薬が無効であった場合は次に非麻薬性中枢性鎮痛剤を使用する者が70%を占めた.46例の結石疼痛に対する治療法で最も使用頻度が高かったペンタゾシン(20例)とジクロフェナクナトリウム(16例)で比較すると, 患者評価, 主治医評価いずれもペンタゾシンの鎮痛効果が勝っていた.また, 圧痛点の局所麻酔, 指圧は症例数が少ないながらも非常に効果が高かったMany drugs have been used in the treatment of renal colic, but the safest and most effective drug has not yet been clearly defined. A questionnaire was used to collate the types of treatment for renal colic used by Japanese urologists. The main treatments were nonsteroidal analgesic (suppository) and anticholinergic agent. A new protocol was developed on the basis of this result, and its effect on renal colic was verified. The combination of an injection of a local anesthetic and pointillage was found to be superior to non-steroidal analgesic anti-inflammatory drugs and anticholinergic agent in terms of both duration of action and effectiveness
Large-scale DNA barcode library generation for biomolecule identification in high-throughput screens
No full textHigh-throughput screens allow for the identification of specific biomolecules with characteristics of interest. In barcoded screens, DNA barcodes are linked to target biomolecules in a manner allowing for the target molecules making up a library to be identified by sequencing the DNA barcodes using Next Generation Sequencing. To be useful in experimental settings, the DNA barcodes in a library must satisfy certain constraints related to GC content, homopolymer length, Hamming distance, and blacklisted subsequences. Here we report a novel framework to quickly generate large-scale libraries of DNA barcodes for use in high-throughput screens. We show that our framework dramatically reduces the computation time required to generate large-scale DNA barcode libraries, compared with a naїve approach to DNA barcode library generation. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that our framework is able to generate a library consisting of one million DNA barcodes for use in a fragment antibody phage display screening experiment. We also report generating a general purpose one billion DNA barcode library, the largest such library yet reported in literature. Our results demonstrate the value of our novel large-scale DNA barcode library generation framework for use in high-throughput screening applications
Studies on cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. II. Action of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Bacillus megaterium strain No. 5 on starch.
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Studies on cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. III. Transfer action of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase on starch.
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Defect in Synaptic Vesicle Precursor Transport and Neuronal Cell Death in KIF1A Motor Protein-deficient Mice
No full textThe nerve axon is a good model system for studying the molecular mechanism of organelle transport in cells. Recently, the new kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) have been identified as candidate motor proteins involved in organelle transport. Among them KIF1A, a murine homologue of unc-104 gene of Caenorhabditis elegans , is a unique monomeric neuronspecific microtubule plus end–directed motor and has been proposed as a transporter of synaptic vesicle precursors (Okada, Y., H. Yamazaki, Y. Sekine-Aizawa, and N. Hirokawa. 1995. Cell. 81:769–780). To elucidate the function of KIF1A in vivo, we disrupted the KIF1A gene in mice. KIF1A mutants died mostly within a day after birth showing motor and sensory disturbances. In the nervous systems of these mutants, the transport of synaptic vesicle precursors showed a specific and significant decrease. Consequently, synaptic vesicle density decreased dramatically, and clusters of clear small vesicles accumulated in the cell bodies. Furthermore, marked neuronal degeneration and death occurred both in KIF1A mutant mice and in cultures of mutant neurons. The neuronal death in cultures was blocked by coculture with wild-type neurons or exposure to a low concentration of glutamate. These results in cultures suggested that the mutant neurons might not sufficiently receive afferent stimulation, such as neuronal contacts or neurotransmission, resulting in cell death. Thus, our results demonstrate that KIF1A transports a synaptic vesicle precursor and that KIF1A-mediated axonal transport plays a critical role in viability, maintenance, and function of neurons, particularly mature neurons
Intracellular distribution of manganese and ferric superoxide dismutases in blue-green algae
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