1,720,970 research outputs found
An efficient centralized scheduling algorithm in IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH networks
No full textIEEE 802.15.4e Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) standard has gained a lot of attention within the Industrial Internet of Things research community due to its effectiveness in improving reliability and providing ultra-low power consumption for industrial applications, and in which its communication is orchestrated by a schedule. Despite its relevance, the standard leaves out of its scope in defining how the schedule is built, updated and maintained. This open issue is one of the trending topics in the IETF 6TiSCH WG, that still need to be addressed. This work focuses on scheduling in TSCH networks in a centralized manner where the gateway makes time and frequency slot allocation. This paper formulates the scheduling problem as a throughput maximization problem and delay minimization problem. We propose a graph theoretical approach to solve the throughput maximization problem in a centralized way. The combinatorial properties of the scheduling problem are addressed by providing an equivalent maximum weighted bipartite matching (MWBM) problem to reduce the computational complexity and also adopting the Hungarian algorithm in polynomial time. Simulation results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme
Throughput Maximizing and Fair Scheduling Algorithms in Industrial Internet of Things Networks
Full text linkTime-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) mode in the IEEE 802.15.4-2015 standard provides ultra-high reliability and ultra-low power consumption to sensor devices. The key feature of TSCH is the scheduling of time slots and frequencies, which falls outside the current standards. In this paper, we focus on throughput maximizing and max-min fair scheduling problems in a centralized TSCH networks. At first, a polynomial time algorithm for the throughput maximizing scheduling problem is proposed. We proceed to investigate and deliberate on some instances of the problem with their combinatorial properties. Secondly, a novel auction based scheduling algorithm that uses a first-price sealed-bid auction mechanism is presented for the throughput maximizing problem. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm obtains a close throughput performance to the optimal one obtained through CPLEX with a much lower complexity. Moreover, we propose a novel heuristic for the max-min fair scheduling problem and demonstrate its performance through extensive simulations in terms of the total throughput and fairness varying the number of nodes, frequencies and antennas. Simulation results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and its close performance to the optimal solution
A SDN-IoT architecture with NFV implementation
No full textIt is anticipated that SDN coupled with NFV and cloud computing, will become a critical enabling technology to radically revolutionize the way network operators will architect and monetize their infrastructure. On the other hand, the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming the interaction between cyberspace and the physical space with a tremendous impact on everyday life. The effectiveness of these technologies will require new methodological and engineering approaches due to the impressive scale of the problem and the new challenging requests in terms of performance, security and reliability. This paper presents a simple and general SDN-IoT architecture with NFV implementation with specific choices on where and how to adopt SDN and NFV approaches to address the new challenges of the Internet of Things. The architecture will accelerate innovations in the IoT sector, thanks to its flexibility opening new perspectives for fast deployment of software-enabled worldwide services. The paper also look at the business perspective by considering SDN and NFV as enablers of new added value services on top to the existing infrastructure providing more opportunities for revenues leveraging fast deployed services in the value chain
Performance evaluation of energy saving MAC protocols in WSN operating systems
No full textSensing, computing and communication are the main features of a wireless sensor network (WSN) which serves a wide range of applications. Despite its versatility and simplicity, it brought up various challenges such as limited storage, power consumption from radio activities, just to mention a few. The distinguishing traits of sensor networks have a direct impact on their protocol design at each layer, especially at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer since it manages transmission scheduling as well as duty cycling for energy conservation. To maximize energy efficiency of WSNs, a critical analysis of the radio duty cycle of the WSN operating systems were carried out with experimental evaluation. Moreover, we focus on the energy consumption by conducting experimental measurements on different platforms i.e. OpenMote-CC2538 on various operating systems. Results shows that IEEE 802.15.4e Time Synchronized Channel Hopping (TSCH) has great impact on the energy consumption with respect to other radio duty cycles
Lifetime estimation and reparameterization of GPS devices for tracking applications
No full textIn this paper, we analyse in detail the power consumption (in terms of current consumption) of various GPS tracker devices, with the aim of estimating the life of their battery on the field and the possibility of their reparameterization for specific use cases. The idea starts from the need to monitor the movements of animals in large observation areas for a certain number of weeks or months and at specific day and night times together with the possibility of remote adaptive reparameterization. The goal is to identify the devices that could be remotely reconfigured as needed to send data on their position and that can provide a battery lifetime compatible with the requirements of the specific use case in a broad geographic area
A novel auction based scheduling algorithm in industrial internet of things networks
No full textEnabling low data losses and ensuring reliability are essential requirements to guarantee Quality of Service in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) applications. This can be achieved by the adoption of various architectures and standards, the most promising of which is IEEE 802.15.4 Time Slotted Channel Hopping mode. However, there are still several open issues, such as providing effective scheduling scheme in the standard. In this paper, we propose a novel auction based scheduling mechanism that uses a first-price sealed bids auction to solve the throughput maximizing scheduling problem. We considered a centralized IIoT network where the gateway makes frequency allocations and time slot assignment. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm yields a very close throughput performance to the optimal one obtained through CPLEX with a much lower complexity
Throughput Maximization Scheduling Algorithm in TSCH Networks with Deadline Constraints
No full textTime Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH), defined among the operating modes in IEEE 802.15.4-2015 standard, was established to offer a guaranteed quality of service for deterministic industrial type applications. However, the standard only provides a framework but it does not mandate a specific scheduling mechanism. In this paper, we formulate the NP-hard scheduling problem in terms of maximizing the throughput with deadline constraints and at the same time satisfying interference constraints in TSCH Networks. In the considered TSCH network, a centralized entity typically called gateway, coordinates the assignment of frequencies and timeslots to the nodes. To solve this NP-hard throughput scheduling problem, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) framework was adopted. Simulation results corroborate that our GA-based approach yields very close performance to the optimal solutions and operates with much lower complexity. In addition, the results also confirmed that GA outperforms other popular scheduling algorithms in the literature in terms of throughput maximization as well minimizing violated deadlines
IoT solutions for crop protection against wild animal attacks
No full textTechnology plays a central role in our everyday life. There has been a surge in the demand of Internet of Things (IoT) in many sectors, which has drawn significant research attention from both the academia and the industry. In the agriculture sector alone, the deployment of IoT has led to smart farming, precision agriculture, just to mention a few. This paper presents the development of Internet of Things application for crop protection to prevent animal intrusions in the crop field. A repelling and a monitoring system is provided to prevent potential damages in Agriculture, both from wild animal attacks and weather conditions
A Review of Low-end, Middle-end and High-end IoT Devices
Full text linkInternet of Things (IoT) devices play a crucial role in the overall development of IoT in providing countless applications in various areas. Due to the increasing interest and rapid technological growth of sensor technology, which have certainly revolutionized the way we live today, a need to provide a detailed analysis of the embedded platforms and boards is consequential. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the recent and most-widely used commercial and research embedded systems and boards in different classification emphasizing their key attributes including processing and memory capabilities, security features, connectivity and communication interfaces, size, cost and appearance, operating system (OS) support, power specifications and battery life and listing some interesting projects for each device. Through this exploration and discussion, readers can have an overall understanding on this area and foster more subsequent studies
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