4 research outputs found
Feasibility of Medium Span Steel-Timber Hybrid Bridges: A comparative study
No full textConcrete and Steel are the materials with the largest market share in the construction industry and have been for a long time.With environmental awareness increasing, timber is regaining popularity due to the potential for carbon neutral and even carbon negative construction.Use of structural wood elements in bridges, however, is often limited to foot- and cycle bridges.In this thesis, key aspects with regards to the design of heavy traffic bridges incorporating timber members are identified.A fully steel bridge and an equivalent bridge, combining timber members with steel are designed within boundaries set by a case study. These designs are developed to a level sufficient for an adequate comparison of the bridges.The basis on which the bridges are compared are laid out, followed by the conditions the bridges are subjected to. These are based on typical conditions found in an urban Dutch environment.Analytic equations are automated, by way of python scripts, for the analysis and optimization of the steel bridge longitudinal dimensions under simplified ULS loading. After the optimization is complete, these initial bridge dimensions are verified with a 2D plate element model in SCIA engineer. The full loading for the bridge during utilization, save for accidental loading, is then modelled and the bridge dimensions are adapted in order to meet ULS, SLS, and fatigue conditions.Several potential versions of a bridge with timber members are considered. Following this, a bridge with a mostly timber superstructure, supported by a self-anchored cable system is further worked out. For this, a SCIA model, with 1D elements and subjected to the same loads as its steel counterpart, is produced. The incompatible combination of 1D elements, thick cross sections, and surface loads is addressed by the use of connector elements (“dummy members”) and individual load panels per member.After the global optimization of the bridge dimensions with regards to ULS and SLS, the connections are designed with a combination of detail 2D element FE models and analytic equations. The forces and support conditions of the connections follow from the global bridge design. A fatigue check is then run on the timber members of the bridge.Subsequently, the durability and eco- costs of the bridges are computed. The data for the durability estimation of the steel bridge is based on experience within IV- Infra and the durability of the timber bridge is estimated using the RISE factor method. The eco- costs of the bridges are computed using the IDEMAT database.The results from the analyses are discussed based on this.Finally, aspects of relevance in the design of timber bridges are synthesized and recommendations for the application of bridges and further research are given.Civil Engineering | Structural Engineerin
БОЛЕСТТА AMOR HEREOS В СРЕДНОВЕКОВНИЯ РОМАН HISTORIA DE JACOBO XALABÍN
No full textThe History of Jacobo Xalabín (La historia de Jacobo Xalabín) is a medieval anonymous novel written in the Catalan language. According to the latest research, it dates between 1492 and 1536. The narrator takes us to the court of Sultan Murad I in 1387. Sultan Yakub's first-born son rejects the love of his stepmother Isa Celebina, as a result of which she falls ill. Advised by the only doctor who discovered the cause of her illness – the Jew Kir Moshe, in order to cure her, they planned the death of Yakub Celebi. Although the inclusion of Isa Chelebina's illness in the narrative is only one of its elements, accurate conclusions can be drawn from the narrative about the level of modern medical practice at that time in the examination of patients, the treatment of identified diseases and the imposition of certain stereotypes regarding the qualifications of doctors in different countries. Added to them is the clearly expressed personal attitude of the author towards certain ethnic and religious types – the Christian wife of the ruler Isa Celebina, and the doctor from Constantinople, the Jew Kir Moshe
Linear and uniformly continuous surjections between Cp-spaces over metrizable spaces
No full textFor any Tychonoff space X let D(X) be either the set C(X) of all continuous functions on X or the set C*(X) of all bounded continuous functions on X. When D(X) is endowed with the pointwise convergence topology, we write Dp(X).Let T: Dp(X) -> Dp(Y) be a continuous linear surjection, where X is a metrizable space and Y is perfectly normal. We show that if X has some dimensional-like property P, then so does Y. For example, P could be one of the following properties: zero-dimensionality, countable-dimensionality or strong countable-dimensionality. This result remains true if T is a uniformly continuous and inversely bounded surjection.Also, we consider other properties P: of being a scattered space, or a strongly sigma-scattered space, or a Delta 1-space. Our results strengthen and extend several results from the various recently published papers.TUBITAK-2219; NSERC [261914-19]The first author was partially supported by TUBITAK-2219.The third author was partially supported by NSERC Grant 261914-19
Mémoire de 1989 et littérature postcommuniste. Couvrir les silences fracassants de l'histoire
No full textПамет за 1989. и пост-комунистическа литература Как да се покрият гърмящите мълчания на историята.
Ако до 2005 г. литературният критик можеше да се чуди защо българската литература все още премълчава комунистическото минало, защо все още липсва значима творба за това минало, то оттогава излязоха редица романи и творби с хибриден жанр. Междувременно се случиха литературни, но и политически и социални събития, които пренасочиха като че ли проблематиката. Изглежда, сега проблематично е не толкова мълчанието - институционално, семейно-поколенческо, историографско, литературно и т. н. - колкото дилемата между колективна и индивидуална отговорност. Това именно ще бъде анализирано в настоящата статия, която се позовава, от една страна, на развиваните от Пол Рикьор понятия за прекомерна памет и прекомерно малко памет, затормозена памет, манипулирана памет и задължена памет ; от друга страна, на две книги, ем- блематични за отношението към миналото, отразено в досиетата на Държавна сигурност - Следеният човек от Веселин Бранев и Наблюдение и разработка : Художествената проза на Държавна сигурност от Жерминал Чивиков.Remembrance of 1989 and Post- Communist Literature How to Drown out the Deafening Silences of History.
Until about 2005, it was hard to find any publication about literature during the com- munist era or any important work concerning this period. Since then, this astonishing silence has given way to the publication in Bułgaria of several novels and hybrid writ- ings. In the meantime occured not only liter- ary, but also political and social events which changed the issue : isn't the real problem in Bułgaria today no longer the institutional, generational, historiographical or literary silence, but the dilemna between the collective or individual responsability ? То соре with these problems, the author takes into account both the works of Paul Ricoeur concerning the excess ofmemory and the excess of oblivion, the blocked memory, manipu- lated memory, abusively controlled or obli- gated memory, and two emblematic books concerning the communist past as seen in the State Security files : The Watched Man by Vesko Branev, and Surveillance and Condi- tioning : the literary prose of the State security by Zerminal Civikov.Vrinat-Nikolov Marie. Mémoire de 1989 et littérature postcommuniste. Couvrir les silences fracassants de l'histoire. In: Revue des études slaves, tome 81, fascicule 2-3, 2010. La Bulgarie : du communisme à l’Union européenne. Langue, littérature, médias, sous la direction de Jack Feuillet et Marie Vrinat-Nikolov. pp. 193-202
