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EFFECT OF SOME BIOLOGICAL AND ZOOTECHNICAL FACTORS ON APPEARANCE OF GIANT FIBRES IN THE RABBIT. CONSEQUENCES ON MUSCLE FIBRE TYPE, MORPHOLOGY AND MEAT QUALITY
Full text link[EN] Three experiments were carried out to investigate
the contribution of sorne factors on the frequency of appearance and
on histochemical and morphological traits of giant fibres (GF), and
the effect of the GF presence on muscle fibre type and morphology
and on meat quality. Experiment 1 tested the effect of the type of
muscle (bíceps femoris - BF, gastrocnemius media/is - GM, so/eus -
SOL, semimembronosus proprius - SMP, longissimus /umborum -
LL, psoas major - PM). Experiment 2 considered the age at slaughter
(5, 8 and 11 weeks) and feeding restriction (ad libitum: until 5 weeks
of age, followed by slaughter; L-H: 70% ad libitum from 5 to 8 weeks
of age, then 90% from 8 to 11 weeks; H-L: the opposite). Experiment
3 took into account the sire genetic origin (INRA9077, INRA3889,
Hy+), the dietary energy concentration (H diet: 11.99 MJ DE/kg DM; L diet: 9.67 MJ DE/kg DM) and the age at
slaughter (69, 74 or 84 days) at equal body weight (2.5 kg). On all
muscles considered, GF were always classified into the 3 fibre types
(a.W, a.R and J3R) even though ene or more fibre types were not
present into the normal fibres of a given muscle. The type of muscle
infiuenced (P GM =SOL = SMP
> LL > PM). The frequency of appearance of GF was reduced as age
increased (P<0.05). Animals with GF exhibited the highest pHu ( BF:
5.83 vs 5.76, P<0.05), percentages (BF: 5.3 vs 3.6%, P<0.10) and
cross-sectional area (LL: 1643 vs 1243~1m2 , P<0.01) of J3R fibres.
lncreasing numbers of GF in BF muscle also led to an increase in
percentage of a.R fibres (P<0.05), aldolase activity (P<0.01 ), and
pHu (P<0.05).[FR] Dans le but d'étudier la contribution de plusieurs facteurs sur la
fréquence d'apparition et sur les caractéristiques istochimiques et
morphologiques des fibres géantes (GF) et l'effet de leur présence
sur le typage et la morphologie des fibres musculaires et sur la
qualité de la viand~. 3 expérimentations ont été conduites.
L'expérimentation 1 a évalué l'effet du type de muscle (bíceps
femoris - BF, gastrocnemius media/is - GM, so/eus - SOL,
semimembronosus proprius - SMP, /ongissimus lumborum - LL,
psoas major - PM). L'expérimentation 2 a considéré l'áge a
l'abattage (5, 8 et 11 semaines) et le rationnement alimentaire (ad
libitum: jusqu'a l'áge de 5 semaines, suivi par l'abattage; L-H: 70%
du ad libitum de 5 a 8 semaines, puis 90% de 8 a 11 semaines; H-L:
l'opposé). L'expérimentation 3 a étudié l'effet du type génétique (INRA9077, INRA 3889, Hy+), la concentration énergétique de
l'aliment (H: 11.99 MJ ED/Kg MS; L: 9.67 MJ ED/kg MS) et l'áge a
l'abattage (69, 74, 84 jours) a poids vif égal (2.5 kg). Dans tous les
muscles, GF ont été toujours classifiées dans les 3 types de fibres
(a.W, a.R and J3R) meme si les fibres normales d'un muscle donné ne
présentaient pas un ou l'autre type de fibre. Le type de muscle a
influencé significalivement (P<0.001) l'apparition des GF chez les 13 animaux
considérés dans rexpérimentation 1 (BF>GM=SOL=SMP>LL>PM). La
fréquence d'apparition des GF a été réduite en augmentant l'age a
l'abattage (P<0.05). Les animaux avec GF ont présenté valeurs de
pHu (m. BF: 5.83 vs 5.76, P<0.05), pourcentages (m. BF: 5.4 vs
3.7%, P<0.1 O) et dimensions (m. LL: 1643 vs 1243μm2
, P<0.01 ;) des
fibres J3R, les plus élevés. En augmentant le nombre des GF, la
pourcentage des fibres a.R (P<0.05), l'activité de l'aldolase (P<0.01)
et le pH (P<0.05) sont augmentés.Dalle Zotte, A.; Remignon, H.; Ouhayoun, J. (2001). EFFECT OF SOME BIOLOGICAL AND ZOOTECHNICAL FACTORS ON APPEARANCE OF GIANT FIBRES IN THE RABBIT. CONSEQUENCES ON MUSCLE FIBRE TYPE, MORPHOLOGY AND MEAT QUALITY. World Rabbit Science. 9(1). https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2001.439SWORD9
HARMONIZATION OF MUSCLE AND MEAT CRITERIA IN RABBIT MEAT RESEARCH
No full text[EN] Following a first work dealing with the harmonization of
carcass criteria, now published as an official document of the WRSA,
the present work is devoted to muscle and meat criteria sensu stricto.
The paper includes 25 criteria describing biology of muscle, physicochemistry
of muscle and meat, organoleptic qualities of meat. The criteria are choosen among the most used in rabbit meat research.
The presentation of each criteria includes four parts : brief definition,
main interest, principie of quantification, general and specific
references. The aim of this paper, is to become the second official
document on harmonization of the WRSA.[FR] Faísant suite a un travaíl sur l'harmonísatíon des criteres de
carcasse, maíntenant publíé en tant que document officíel de la
WRSA, le présent travaíl est consacré aux criteres d'étude du tíssu
musculaíre et de la víande sensu stricto. 11 comprend 25 criteres qui
concement la bío/ogíe musculaíre, la physíco-chímíe du tíssu musculaíre et de la víande, les qualités organoleptíques de la víande,
íls sont choísís parmí les plus utílísés dans les recherches sur le tapín
de chaír. La présentatíon de chaque critere ínclut quatre partíes :
breve définítíon, intérét principal, príncipe de quantífication,
références générales et spécífiques. L'objectíf de ce papíer est de
devenir le second document officíel de la WRSA sur /'harmonísatíon.Ouhayoun, J.; Dalle Zotte, A. (1996). HARMONIZATION OF MUSCLE AND MEAT CRITERIA IN RABBIT MEAT RESEARCH. World Rabbit Science. 04(4). https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.1996.297SWORD04
Postweaning evolution of muscular energy metabolism and related physico-chemical traits in rabbit.
No full text
Effect of feed restriction during post-weaning growth on fiber characteristics of Biceps femoris muscle in the rabbit
No full textAt weaning (five weeks of age), 50 hybrid rabbits were at random divided into five groups (labelled blocks). Block 1, which were fed ad libitum with a commercial diet during weaning period, were slaughtered. The remaining rabbits were placed in individual cages and fed the same amount of food until slaughter, but differently rationed. From 5 to 8 wk of age, the rabbits coming from blocks 2 and 4 received 70% of ad libitum, meanwhile those belonging to blocks 3 and 5 received 90% of ad libitum. Animals of blocks 2 and 3 were slaughtered at 8 wk of age, while those of blocks 4 and 5 received the reverse restriction level and were slaughtered at 11 wk of age. All the animals were weighed before slaughter and the Biceps femoris muscle was immediately dissected and thereafter its fibers were typed (βR, αR and αW) and mean cross-sectional area was determined for each muscle. As expected, at eight-weeks slaughter age, rabbits given for 3 weeks the strictest feed restriction (70% of the ad libitum) showed the lowest body weight but presented significantly higher (P<0.01) body weights after successive 3 weeks of rationing at 90% of the ad libitum, if compared with the rabbits that followed the inverse feeding treatment. The 70-90% rationing mode reduced the proportion of oxidative fibers. No relationship was found between the enlargement of muscle fibers and body weight. At the light of actual knowledge further investigations are needed to better understand the relationship between feed restriction and fiber characteristics
Effect of genetic origin, diet and weaning weight on carcass composition, muscle physicochemical and histochemical traits in the rabbit
No full textEffect of feed restriction during post-weaning growth on muscle energy metabolism and on fibre contractile and metabolic properties of biceps femoris muscle in the rabbit
No full textAt weaning (five weeks of age), 50 hybrid rabbits were at random divided into five groups (labelled blocks). Block 1, which were fed ad libitum with a commercial diet during weaning period, were slaughtered. The remaining rabbits were placed in individual cages and fed the same amount of food until slaughter, but differently rationed. From 5 to 8 wk of age, the rabbits coming from blocks 2 and 4 received 70% of ad libitum, meanwhile those belonging to blocks 3 and 5 received 90% of ad libitum. Animals of blocks 2 and 3 were slaughtered at 8 wk of age, while those of blocks 4 and 5 received the reverse restriction level and were slaughtered at 11 wk of age. All the animals were weighed before slaughter and the Biceps femoris muscle was immediately dissected and thereafter its fibers were typed (βR, αR and αW) and mean cross-sectional area was determined for each muscle. As expected, at eight-weeks slaughter age, rabbits given for 3 weeks the strictest feed restriction (70% of the ad libitum) showed the lowest body weight but presented significantly higher (P<0.01) body weights after successive 3 weeks of rationing at 90% of the ad libitum, if compared with the rabbits that followed the inverse feeding treatment. The 70-90% rationing mode reduced the proportion of oxidative fibers. No relationship was found between the enlargement of muscle fibers and body weight. At the light of actual knowledge further investigations are needed to better understand the relationship between feed restriction and fiber characteristics
POST-WEANING EVOLUTION OF MUSCLE ENERGY-METABOLISM AND RELATED PHYSICOCHEMICAL TRAITS IN THE RABBIT
No full textMetabolic dtrerentiation in muscles was analysed in 50 rabbits of New
Zealand White breed (strain INRA 1077) slaughtered at 28, 42, 56, 70 or
84 days. The activity of enzymes representing the g/ycolytic (fructose 1,6-
dip aldolase) and the oxidative (NA L?P-isocitrate dehydrogenase)
(ICDH) energy metabolism pathways, and two related pllysi~o-c~itt~~nical
truits, huem pigment content and ultimate p H, were estimated in
semimembranosus proprius + soleus, psoas major and longissimus lumborum
~rrus~*ksA. ldoluse activity wus lowest in scmimbranosus proprius
-I- solcus, whirh arc> pure /3 R and the most precociously developed muscles,
whereas haem pigment coo tent and ultimate QN wcw highest; however,
physi~cv-ckc~~nicNtrIa its changed modemtely during growth. In the psoas
major (pure a W) and in the longissimus lumborum (mixed muscle),
which develop later, uldolase uc’tivity increased until the 56th und 70th day
respectively. The decrease in ICDH activity lasted longer, especialiy in the
longissimus lumborum muscle. A significant negative relutionship between
aldoluse activity and ultimate pH may explain why the ultimate QH decreased
during fu t tening
Effect of age, diet and sex on muscle energy metabolism and on related physicochemical traits in the rabbit
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