40 research outputs found
Student perspectives of gender-based homicides in nigerian universities
No full textGender-related homicide, especially femicide, is becoming a global challenge. Past studies have concentrated efforts toward alleviating these tragedies in homes, families, and society, with little attention on educational spaces such as universities. In Nigeria, for instance, cases of femicide have continued to rise, with reports claiming that such acts are a result of money-making rituals. This current study investigated the causes and effects of gender-related homicides as well as their preventive measures as perceived by undergraduates in three Nigerian southwest universities. Underpinned by the feminist theory, the study adopted the survey research design. The study population comprised students in Nigerian southwestern universities, with a sample of 315 undergraduates purposively selected from the sampled universities. The Perceived Causes, Effects, and Preventive Measures of Gender-Related Homicide Questionnaire (PCEPMGHQ) was used for data collection (α=0.96, 0.94, 0.94) for the sub-sections of the questionnaire, which was administered via Google Forms. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a t-test at a 5% significance level. Results indicate mental health challenges, feelings of abandonment, financial difficulties, substance and alcohol abuse, home-related factors, history of abuse, and violent relationships as students perceived dominant causes of gender-related homicides. Trauma, grief, stigmatization, and psychological and emotional distress were the effects of gender-related homicides highlighted by the respondents who advocated several preventive measures.O homicídio por motivos de género, especialmente o feminicídio, está a tornar-se um problema global. Estudos anteriores concentraram os seus esforços em mitigar essas tragédias nos lares, nas famílias e na sociedade, prestando pouca atenção a espaços educativos como as universidades. Na Nigéria, por exemplo, os casos de feminicídio continuam a aumentar, com relatos que afirmam que esses atos são resultado de rituais lucrativos. Este estudo investigou as causas e os efeitos dos homicídios por motivos de género, bem como as suas medidas preventivas, de acordo com a perceção de estudantes de três universidades do sudoeste da Nigéria. Com base na teoria feminista, o estudo adotou um desenho de investigação por inquérito. A população do estudo foi composta por estudantes de universidades do sudoeste da Nigéria, com uma amostra de 315 estudantes de licenciatura selecionados intencionalmente das universidades amostradas. O Questionário de Causas Percebidas, Efeitos e Medidas Preventivas do Homicídio por Motivos de Género (PCEPMGHQ) foi utilizado para a recolha de dados (α = 0,96; 0,94; 0,94) para as subsecções do questionário, que foi administrado através de Formulários Google. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e um teste t com um nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados indicam problemas de saúde mental, sentimentos de abandono, dificuldades económicas, abuso de substâncias e álcool, fatores relacionados ao lar, histórico de abuso e relações violentas, pois os estudantes perceberam as principais causas dos homicídios por motivos de género. Trauma, luto, estigmatização e mal-estar psicológico e emocional foram os efeitos dos homicídios por motivos de género destacados pelos inquiridos, que defenderam várias medidas preventivas.El homicidio por razones de género, especialmente el feminicidio, se está convirtiendo en un problema global. Estudios previos han centrado sus esfuerzos en mitigar estas tragedias en los hogares, las familias y la sociedad, prestando poca atención a espacios educativos como las universidades. En Nigeria, por ejemplo, los casos de feminicidio han seguido aumentando, con informes que afirman que estos actos son resultado de rituales lucrativos. Este estudio investigó las causas y los efectos de los homicidios por razones de género, así como sus medidas preventivas, según la percepción de estudiantes de tres universidades del suroeste de Nigeria. Con base en la teoría feminista, el estudio adoptó un diseño de investigación de encuesta. La población del estudio estuvo compuesta por estudiantes de universidades del suroeste de Nigeria, con una muestra de 315 estudiantes de pregrado seleccionados intencionalmente de las universidades muestreadas. Se utilizó el Cuestionario de Causas Percibidas, Efectos y Medidas Preventivas del Homicidio por Razones de Género (PCEPMGHQ) para la recopilación de datos (α = 0,96; 0,94; 0,94) para las subsecciones del cuestionario, que se administró mediante Formularios de Google. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva y una prueba t con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Los resultados indican problemas de salud mental, sentimientos de abandono, dificultades económicas, abuso de sustancias y alcohol, factores relacionados con el hogar, antecedentes de abuso y relaciones violentas, ya que los estudiantes percibieron las causas principales de los homicidios por razones de género. El trauma, el duelo, la estigmatización y el malestar psicológico y emocional fueron los efectos de los homicidios por razones de género que destacaron los encuestados, quienes abogaron por diversas medidas preventivas
Correction to: Adebiyi, Sulaimon Olanrewaju, Oyatoye, Emmanuel Olateju, Amole, Bilqis Bolanle “Improved Customer Churn and Retention Decision Management Using Operations Research Approach” Emering Markets Journal 6 (2): 12-21. 10.5195/emaj.2016.101
Get PDFUniversity affiliations for first author (Adebiyi, Sulaimon Olanrewaju) and third author (Amole, Bilqis Bolanle) were changed. The numbering for Literature Review section was changed from 1 to 2. Accordingly, numbering of all future (next) sections was adjusted. Corrections to figures and tables were made. Table 2.1 is now numbered 1, Figure 2.1 is numbered Figure 1, Figure 1 is numbered Figure 2, Table 4.1 is numbered Table 2, Figure 4.1 is numbered Figure 3, Table 4.2 is numbered Table 3 and Figure 4.2 is numbered Figure 4. A duplicated reference to Adeleke, A and Aminu S.A. (2012) on page 19 was removed. The original article can be found via the DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/emaj.2016.10
Understanding the anti-cancer activities of Moringa isothiocyanates in breast cancer cells
No full textIsothiocyanates (ITCs) are a class of naturally occurring compounds shown to have anti-cancer activities and promising chemopreventive prospects. Moringa oleifera (MO), a cruciferous vegetable widely cultivated in the tropics, has been used by locals to treat different diseases for centuries. Moringa Isothiocyanates (MIC) is produced from MO when the four unique sugar-modified aromatic glucosinolates it contains are hydrolyzed in a reaction catalyzed by myrosinase. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of MIC on 9 different breast cancer cell lines and found it to be a potent anti-cancer agent. Interestingly, two of the most sensitive cells lines to MIC, BT474 and HCC1954, were both positive for HER2. HER2 is amplified in up to 30% of breast cancers and is positively correlated with poor prognosis in patients. We hypothesized that HER2 overexpression induces hypersensitivity to MIC in breast cancer cells. Our studies using MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 with and without HER2 overexpression further confirmed the correlation between HER2 overexpression and hypersensitivity to MIC. To understand why increased sensitivity to MIC was observed in HER2+ breast cancer cell lines as compared to HER2- cell lines, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was examined. Higher basal intracellular ROS levels were observed in HER2+ cell lines compared to HER2- ones. We also hypothesized that the anti-cancer activity of MIC may involve an ROS regulatory pathway. Indeed, we found that MIC clearly regulates NRF2 and KEAP1 expression in multiple breast cancer cell lines. Additionally, MIC also triggers changes in intracellular ROS levels in a cell line-dependent manner, suggesting that MIC adopts different mechanisms of action in different breast cancer cell lines. Our work shows that MIC may open new frontiers in breast cancer prevention and therapy, particularly for those with HER2 amplification.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Julia Bolanle Olayanj
Socio-Cultural Factors Associated with Home Violence Against Women in Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
No full textViolence in the home is a major scourge in the society that needs unique attention to combat. There is a general saying that “a happy mind gives strength to the whole body” which means a happy woman makes a happy home, while a happy home makes a happy society. To this end, violence as a negative condition to the well-being of women is purely devastating to their happiness especially when it occurs within the home. This paper therefore explored survey design method technique in finding out the socio-cultural factors associated with home violence as experienced by women and its effects in Oye Ekiti, a town in Ekiti State of Nigeria. In a convenient sampling technique, data were collected from 200 married women who responded to questionnaire. Hypotheses were tested using chi-square. Results showed that factors such as level of education, religion belief and income were mostly among others not associated with violence in the home, which means there are more underlying factors to look out for. It was therefore recommended that government should incite stricter laws in addressing home violence cases family courts should also be put in place early warning systems to become aware of the consequences of ill-treatment of women at home. Also, religious organization should be more proactive in the teaching of morals towards curbing home violence
Constraints of small scale farmers’ access to agricultural credit in Osun State, Nigeria
No full textAgriculture is crucial to food security, improved economy and reduction in unemployment. Despite this fact, it has not been given necessary attention. Paucity of funds has continued to militate against small scale farmers, which has significantly hampered their operational expansion for greater output. The study examined the constraints of access to farm loans by the small scale farmers in Ila local government of Osun State. Using the multi-stage random selection technique, two hundred farmers from selected communities across the local governments participated in the empirical study. It was revealed that owing to the lack of funds for the farmers through formal sources like government and financial institutions, majority of the farmers operate at the subsistence level, while relying on shylock local money lenders with exorbitant interest rates for the much needed credit. The constraints in accessing credit from formal sources include; bureaucratic bottlenecks, stringent demands for guarantors and collateral, high interest rates, late approval of loans, and unavailability of banks in the rural areas. It was recommended that government at all levels in conjunction with financial institutions should institute a functional agricultural micro-credit scheme that will ensure the timely provision of credit for the real farmers, create a policy that will compel high net-worth companies to dedicate a percentage of their profits to agricultural financing, as a well as a monitoring mechanism that will ensure judicious use of the loans by the beneficiaries.Keywords: Agriculture, constraints, farmers, government, loan
Optimal Phased-Array Signal Combination For Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Measurement In Breast Cancer Using Multiple Quantum Coherence MR Spectroscopy At 3T
Get PDFAcknowledgements The author would like to thank Dr Matthew Clemence (Philips Healthcare Clinical Science, UK) for clinical scientist support, Ms Bolanle Brikinns, Ms Louisa Pirie, Ms Linda Lett, and Ms Kate Shaw for patient recruitment support, Ms Dawn Younie for logistic support, Mr Roger Bourne and Ms Mairi Fuller for providing access to the patients as well as Mrs Beverly MacLennan, Mrs Nichola Crouch, Mr Mike Hendry, and Ms Laura Reid for radiographer support. This project was funded by Friends of Aberdeen and North Centre for Haematology, Oncology and Radiotherapy (ANCHOR). Vasiliki Mallikourti’s PhD study is supported by The Princess Royal Tenovus Scotland Medical Research Scholarship.Peer reviewe
Phased-array combination of 2D MRS for lipid composition quantification in patients with breast cancer
Get PDFAcknowledgements: The author would like to thank Dr Matthew Clemence (Philips Healthcare Clinical Science, UK) for support, Ms Bolanle Brikinns, Ms Louisa Pirie, Ms Linda Lett, and Ms Kate Shaw, for patient recruitment support, Ms Dawn Younie for logistic support, Mr Roger Bourne and Ms Mairi Fuller for providing access to the patients as well as Mrs Beverly MacLennan, Mrs Nicola Crouch, Mr Mike Hendry, and Ms Laura Reid for radiographer support. Funding: This project was funded by Friends of Aberdeen and North Centre for Haematology, Oncology and Radiotherapy (ANCHOR), Tenovus Scotland, and NHS Grampian Endowment. Vasiliki Mallikourti’s PhD study is supported by The Princess Royal Tenovus Scotland Medical Research Scholarship.Peer reviewe
A Proposition for Developing Trust and Relational Synergy in International e-Collaborative Groups
No full textTrust and relational development represents a critical challenge in online collaboration groups. Often the problem is attributed to several factors including physical distances, time differences, cultures, and other contributing factors. The challenge in virtual teams centers on creating a successful cohort that functions as a team and develops a sense of trust and cohesion in the process of accomplishing respective group goals. However, the lack of trust in online groups hinders relational development. The author contends that while online collaboration can be clouded by problems with trust and relational synergy as a whole, the problem is exacerbated in international online or e-Collaborative groups. The development of trust is essential to relational synergy and warmth that fosters successful task and social goal accomplishment. After reviewing related and extant research in online communication, the author offers some practical suggestions for facilitating and sustaining trust and relational synergy in international online collaboration with information communication technologies (ICTs).</jats:p
A Proposition for Developing Trust and Relational Synergy in International e-Collaborative Groups
No full textTrust and relational development represents a critical challenge in online collaboration groups. Often the problem is attributed to several factors including physical distances, time differences, cultures, and other contributing factors. The challenge in virtual teams centers on creating a successful cohort that functions as a team and develops a sense of trust and cohesion in the process of accomplishing respective group goals. However, the lack of trust in online groups hinders relational development. The author contends that while online collaboration can be clouded by problems with trust and relational synergy as a whole, the problem is exacerbated in international online or e-Collaborative groups. The development of trust is essential to relational synergy and warmth that fosters successful task and social goal accomplishment. After reviewing related and extant research in online communication, the author offers some practical suggestions for facilitating and sustaining trust and relational synergy in international online collaboration with information communication technologies (ICTs). </jats:p
A trigram hidden Markov model for metadata extraction from heterogeneous references
No full textOur objective was to explore an efficient and accurate extraction of metadata such as author, title and institution from heterogeneous references, using hidden Markov models (HMMs). The major contributions of the research were the (i) development of a trigram, full second order hidden Markov model with more priority to words emitted in transitions to the same state, with a corresponding new Viterbi algorithm (ii) introduction of a new smoothing technique for transition probabilities and (iii) proposal of a modification of back-off shrinkage technique for emission probabilities. The effect of the size of data set on the training procedure was also measured. Comparisons were made with other related works and the model was evaluated with three different data sets. The results showed overall accuracy, precision, recall and F1 measure of over 95% suggesting that the method outperforms other related methods in the task of metadata extraction from references. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000288774700003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Computer Science, Information SystemsSCI(E)EI3ARTICLE91538-155118
