1,721,145 research outputs found
Did the updated Duke criteria missed Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae from the list of typical microorganisms causing infective endocarditis?
No full textInfectious endocarditis is a severe condition still characterized by a high morbidity and mortality rate. An early diagnosis may positively impact the outcome, so we need our diagnostic tools to match with the ever-changing epidemiologic and microbiologic landscape of infectious diseases. We read with great interest the update to the Modified Duke Criteria for the diagnosis of Infectious Endocarditis recently proposed by the International Society for Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases and decided to propose the addition of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae to the list of typical microorganisms causing Endocarditis. This pathogen is widespread distributed in the world, has a zoonotic origin, harbors virulence factors and a multidrug resistance phenotype. Moreover, its retrieval from blood seems to have an important correlation with the presence of Endocarditis. The inclusion of E. rhusiopathiae in the list of typical microorganisms may represent a further refinement of the Modified Duke Criteria, which represent a fundamental tool in the management of patients with suspected endocarditis
Habituation to the test cage influences amphetamine-induced locomotion and Fos expression and increases FosB/DeltaFosB-like immunoreactivity in mice
No full textGenetic liability increases propensity to prime-induced reinstatement of conditioned place preference in mice exposed to low cocaine
No full textRelapse to drug use after periods of forced or self-imposed abstinence is a central problem in the treatment of addiction; therefore, identification of factors modulating the risk to relapse is a relevant goal of preclinical research. OBJECTIVES: These experiments evaluated the influence of the amount of drug experienced, the duration of drug withdrawal, and individual liability on the propensity to cocaine-induced reinstatement of conditioned place preference (CPP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice from the inbred strains C57BL/6J and DBA/2J were trained for CPP with a high (20 mg/kg) or low (5 mg/kg) effective dose of cocaine. After CPP testing, all groups underwent extinction. Twenty-four hours after the extinction test, mice were challenged with saline, a cocaine dose unable to induce CPP (2.5 mg/kg) or an intermediate effective dose (10 mg/kg), and tested for CPP reinstatement. Additional groups of mice trained with the low cocaine dose were left undisturbed for 8 days after extinction test (long withdrawal), retested for extinction, and evaluated for prime-induced reinstatement (0, 2.5, 10 mg/kg of cocaine). RESULTS: Mice trained with the high cocaine dose, but not with the low one, showed prime-induced reinstatement 24 h after the extinction test; DBA/2J mice trained with the low dose showed reinstatement after long withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that reinstatement of CPP by cocaine prime depends on the amount of drug experienced and on an interaction between individual liability and duration of drug abstinence and suggest that the risk to relapse into drug seeking is not prevented by moderated drug consumption
PREVALENZA DI STAFILOCOCCHI METICILLINO-RESISTENTI E CORRELAZIONE CON LA SENSIBILTA’ ALLA VANCOMICINA
No full textRESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI STRAINS FROM PATIENTS AFTER TREATMENT FAILURE
No full textThe presence of mutant resistant bacteria can be due to the prolonged and continuous exposure to antimicrobial agents during the infection with consequent treatment failure. The observed high resistance rates in our study may be related to the high number of therapy cycles (up to 9) that the population under consideration has done suggesting that the following treatments might increase antibiotic resistance, even if data on resistance before and after eradication failure in the same group of patients are not available. K-B and E-test provide comparable results for Hp when testing for the antibiotics studied with reduced reliability for MZ. In fact the E-test may over-estimate MZ-resistance because the presence of intermediate MIC levels. Dual resistance to both MZ and CLA was found in 16 strains (50%). LEV appears a promising alternative for Hp refractory infections. A distinct pattern of antibiotic sensitivity of isolates belonging to different districts of the stomach (heteroresistance) was noticed in 36.3% of cases (4/11 patients with pangastritis). The presence in the same patient of Hp strains either S or R to various antimicrobial agents, may interfere with the outcome of the therap
Susceptibility to conditioned place preference induced by addictive drugs in mice of the C57BL/6 and DBA/2 inbred strains.
No full textIn previous studies, we have demonstrated that mice of the inbred strain C57BL/6J (C57) are more susceptible to amphetamine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) than DBA/2J (DBA) mice. Moreover, we also observed parallel strain differences for the locomotor-stimulant effects of the drug. However, other studies have reported either no difference or opposite strain differences for cocaine- and morphine-induced CPP as well as for the locomotor effects of these drugs, suggesting that amphetamine-related behavioral phenotypes might depend on a specific pharmacological action of the psychostimulant. OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed at testing strain differences for cocaine- and morphine-related behavioral phenotypes in the same experimental protocol and conditions previously used for amphetamine. METHODS: C57 and DBA mice were tested for CPP induced by cocaine (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and morphine (0, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg/kg). Locomotor activity data were simultaneously obtained by measuring distance moved during all different CPP phases and unconditioned locomotor activity, behavioral sensitization and conditioned hyperactivity were measured together with CPP. RESULTS: (a) Either cocaine or morphine promoted significant CPP at lower doses in C57 than in DBA mice; (b) only drug-trained C57 mice showed a significant CPP compared with the control group; and (c) only C57 mice showed dose-dependent effects of cocaine on CPP. Moreover, there was no relationship between drug-induced CPP and locomotion. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate that C57 and DBA mice differ in their sensitivity to cocaine- and morphine-induced CPP and suggest that the two strains differ in sensitivity to the positive incentive properties of drugs of abuse
Candida Bloodstream Infections: species distribution and antifungal resistance in intensive care unit (ICU) and in non-ICU wards at an University Hospital in Rome
No full textWhat are the treatment options for resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria?
No full textNo abstract availabl
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