75 research outputs found
Csomagszállító rendszer programozása Factory I/O 3D szimulációs környezetben
No full textEgyetemi/MA/MS
A versatile structure of S31-GGA-casc switched-current memory cell with complex suppression of memorizing errors
No full textA Novel Design Evaluation Concept Applied to Switched-Current Algorithmic A/D Converters
No full textA new type of universal functional block suitable for circuits derived by adjoint transformation
No full textThe Problem of Time from the Perspective of the Social Sciences
No full textThis article presents a critical review of ideas about time in modern societies & especially in the social sciences. Man in modern society perceives, reflects, & registers time in a series of contexts, whether this involves questions of thought, the physical body, nature, or society. Current studies that address the question of time in many cases do so through a comparison of archaic temporal awareness & modern temporal awareness, & attempt to describe when & how this historical shift came about. According to O. Rammstedt four distinct historical types of understanding time can be distinguished: (1) occasional awareness of time based on a distinction made between 'now' & 'not-now'; (2) cyclical awareness of time; (3) linear awareness of time with a closed future, & (4) linear awareness of time with an open future. In contemporary social sciences four main theoretical perspectives can be observed. The first one assumes that the basic principles of order are or should be considered as unchanging. These principles express themselves as invariants. In the 20th century we can find them in structural linguistics, & in social sciences with a structuralist orientation. The second approach resembles the previous one in that it also considers the existence of unchanging principles of order. However, it differs through the assumption that these principles reveal themselves in time. The third approach can be considered de facto a sort of special degree of the second, ie, closed historical concept. Unlike the teleological character of the latter, however, it considers human intervention as a necessary condition for the achievement of a future aim. The fourth concept is founded on the idea that the basic principles of order can be revealed only in time. Unlike the second, however, it does not consider the main organizing principles to be unchanging, but rather concludes that in each contemporary period they are open to change. This fourth approach, which can be described as 'temporalized sociology' & which is expressed in works of such authors as G. H. Mead, A. Schutz, N. Elias, N. Luhmann, or A. Giddens, stresses a relatively open future, emergence, novelty, & the concept of discontinuity. In the opinion of the author of this study another concept should be added to our understanding of time: ie, 'irreversibility.' It is a feature of those systems that are far from being balanced & in which, in order to be able to predict future states, it is not enough to know the laws & the initial conditions
Multi-Criteria-Based Optimization Model for Sustainable Mobility and Transport
No full textThis paper deals with problems of freight transport sustainability from the perspective of four key factors: greenhouse gas production, fossil fuel dependence, congestion, and accident rates. It is based on the results of the FreightVision project, in which the author participated as a researcher and member of the design team. The aim was to develop a set of 35 recommendations to serve as a tool for European Union decision-making in transport policy matters at the highest level. The developed measures were prioritized, and a list of individual recommendations was drawn up according to their potentials. Then, the set of measures was processed using multi-criteria analysis tools, and these results were compared with the original list using comparative analysis to identify differences between the two approaches. The contribution of this work is the development of a methodology for evaluating the traffic measures according to their priorities and, at the same time, the verification of the empirical results thus obtained with the results that were the output of the mathematical processing. This work fills a research gap in a similar problem area by working with specific measures systematically developed for the purposes of analysis; these results are used to formulate recommendations for the European Commission whose policy decisions should lead to an increased level of freight transport sustainability
Analysis and Design Procedure of LVLP Sub-bandgap Reference - Development and Results
No full textThis work presents an thorough analysis and design of a low-voltage low-power voltage reference circuit with sub-bandgap output voltage. The outcome of the analysis and the resulting design rules are universal and it is supposed to be general and suitable for similar topologies with just minor modifications. The general analysis is followed by a selection of specific topology. The given topology is analyzed for particular parameters which are standard industrial circuit specifications. These parameters are mathematically expressed, some are simplified and equivalent circuits are used. The analysis and proposed design procedure focuses mainly on versatility of the IP block. The features of the circuit suit to low-voltage low-power design with less than 10μA supply current draw at 1.3V supply voltage. For testing purposes a complex transistor level design was created and verified in wide range of supply voltages (1.3 to 3.3V) and temperatures (-45 to 95°C) all in concrete 0.35μm IC design process using Mentor Graphics® and Cadence® software
Guidelines on the Switch Transistors Sizing Using the Symbolic Description for the Cross-Coupled Charge Pump
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