3 research outputs found
Development of the initial sunflower breeding material resistant to new high virulent races of broomrape and false powdery mildew
Get PDFThe widespread violation of scientifically based crop rotation and their saturation with sunflower caused an accelerated emergence of more aggressive races of broomrape and powdery mildew. Currently, the researchers from different countries have identified 8 races of broomrape A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H. The sunflower varieties and hybrids previously developed at the station and introduced into the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation that are resistant to the broomrape races A, B, C, D, E were greatly affected. Monitoring of the races of broomrape and false powdery mildew, conducted by the ARRIOC researchers, showed the presence of more aggressive broomrape races (F, G, H) and false powdery mildew (330, 710, 730) in the fields of the Rostov Region. The current situation necessitated the development of sunflower hybrids resistant to the new aggressive races of these pathogens. To identify such hybrids, the corresponding initial breeding material has been required. It was important to combine resistance to broomrape and false powdery mildew with other breeding-valuable traits in one genotype. The current paper presents the results of the sunflower initial breeding material on resistance to broomrape and false powdery mildew. The work was carried out in the fields and in the laboratories of DOS, an affiliate of the FSBSI FSC ARRIOC. The breeding material developed at the station was used as the initial material. Using hybridization methods, multiple self-pollination, and reliable estimation of pathogen resistance at all stages of the breeding process, there was selected a promising linear material (I-4/4640, I-4/4764, I-5/2450, I-5/2465 and etc.), which was included into the search for high heterosis hybrid combinations. The hybrid combinations developed with its participation (MLG 45/4640, MLG 121/4764, MLG 65/2444, etc.), when estimated on the fields infected by sunflower broomrape, showed a higher resistance to highly virulent races of the pathogen in comparison with the best foreign hybrids
DNA-markers of heterosis of sunflower hybrids of domestic breeding
Get PDFDNA-markers of heterosis of sunflower hybrids of domestic breeding The article presents the results of the analysis of polymorphism conducted on micro satellite loci of core genome by 12 SSR-markers (Ha 432, Ha 514, Ha 1442, Ha 1608, Ha1287, IUB6, ORS6, ORS 509, IUB4, HNCA1, OSU-1, HNCA2). Seven genotypes of the hybrid F1 of sunflower (Donskoy 151 -♀ВД 151 х ♂ ВД 541; Partner - ♀ ЭД 1443 х ♂ВД 541; Donskoy 22 - ♀ВД 22 х ♂ВД 541; Garant - ♀ЭД 931 х ♂ВД 62; Prestizh - ♀ЭД 169 х ♂ВД 62; Signal - ♀ЭД 236 х ♂ВД 110; Donskoy 1448 - ♀ВД 1448 х ♂ВД 62) and their parental lines developed by the Donskaya Experimental Station named after L.A. Zhdanov have been analyzed. 36 allelic variants have been established. For each genotype there has been designed a separate allelic formula which can be used as its molecule-genetic passport. The studied marker system has a high discrimination potential for identifying sunflower selection samples. The heterosis of hybrid F1, genetic diversity of parental lines based on SSR-markers as well as genetic distances with combination ability of sunflower have been studied. Ten basic inbred lines (3 Rf lines and 7 CMS lines) and their hybrids have been studied according to such traits as height, plant productivity, 1000-kernels weight, oil content and hull content. The field trials were conducted during 6 seasons. Genetic distance among parental lines of sunflower ranged from 0.45 to 0.74. There has been found a reliable positive correlation of heterosis effect on the yield of seeds in hybrids (r=0.79,
