958 research outputs found
صدیق سالک کے ناول اور طبقاتی تفاوت
No full textSadiq Salik is considered one of the prominent novelists in Urdu literature. In his novels, "Pressure Cooker" and "Emergency", he not only highlighted the negative values of Pakistani society but also exposed the exploitative class that is ruining the country's foundations. This class consists of rulers, feudal lords, and government officials who are indulging in selfishness and corruption. Overall, it can be said that Sadiq Salik's novels perfectly reflect the stories of ordinary Pakistanis
Shi'i sects after the death of Ja'far as-Sadiq
No full textTato bakalářská práce si klade za cíl uskupit veškeré podstatné informace o sektě
ismá'ílíja. Též jsou zde ve stručnosti představeny sekty, které vznikly po smrti šestého imáma Dža'fara as-Sádiqa. Práce je zaměřena především na ismá'ílíjské učení a historické pozadí v období od jejího vzniku skrze různá schizmata až po její působení v současném světě.ObhájenoThis Bachelor thesis aims to gather all relevant informations about the Isma'ilism. There are also briefly introduced sects that arose after the death of the sixth Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq. The work focuses mainly on Isma'ili teachings and the historical background from its beginning through various schisms up to the present world
The legal framework for private sector development in a transitional economy : the case of Poland
No full textThe economies of Central and Eastern Europe are in the midst of a historic transition from central planning and state ownership to development of a market-driven private sector. This transition requires comprehensive changes in"rules of the game"- including the legal framework for economic activity. A market economy presupposes a set of property rights and a system of laws or customs that allow the exchange of those rights. The legal framework in a market economy has at least three basic functions: defining the universe of property rights; setting the rules for entry into and exit from productive activities; and setting the rules of market exchange. These legal tasks are accomplished by areas of law such as: company, foreign investment, bankruptcy, contract and competition law. Poland has a rich legal tradition dating from pre-socialist times, which was suppressed but not eliminated during its forty years of socialism. This tradition is being revised as the country moves toward a private market economy. The current legal framework in Poland closely follows other continental jurisdictions and has a clear and reasonable internal logic. Many of the laws are old, but most are flexible enough to permit a wide range of modern, market-oriented activity. Property law, however, remains a"jungle". The wide discretion and general lack of precedent create tremendous legal uncertainty that is sure to hamper private sector development.Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform,Municipal Housing and Land,Legal Products,Land and Real Estate Development
An Acoustic Analysis of Diphthongs in Pakistani and British English
No full textThis study investigates the acoustic differences in closing diphthongs between Pakistani English and Standard British Pronunciation. Both quantitative and qualitative research design were employed, and speech samples were collected from 20 participants (20 Pakistani English speakers including female and male). Acoustic analysis was conducted using Praat speech analyzer software. To analyze the selected sixteen words with closing diphthongs in different linguistic context, this study examined the variation of closing diphthongs in Pakistani English (a non-native English variety) by applying the Input Hypothesis (Krashen, 1982) with a focus on the 'i' component.. The results show significant differences in the acoustic parameters of closing diphthongs between Pakistani English pronunciation and British pronunciation. Specifically, Pakistani English speakers produced diphthongs with less inclination towards [əʊ] sounds and replace closing diphthong sounds with the short vowel sound [o] and the diphthong [aʊ] is pronounced as [ao] and [o]
An In-depth Investigation of the Role of Sociocultural and Cognitive Factors in Shaping Second Language Acquisition among Students in Multicultural Classroom Context
No full textThis study aims to investigate the Role of sociocultural and cognitive factors in shaping second language acquisition among students in multicultural classrooms. Understanding the interactions between these components is essential for effective language teaching since language acquisition is a complex process influenced by many factors. The study will explore how these factors interact with each other and how they influence the learning process of students. Using both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques, the research methodology adopts a mixed-methods approach. The sociocultural aspects influencing language acquisition can be better understood through qualitative methods including surveys with students.Furthermore, language acquisition is greatly influenced by cognitive characteristics, such as cognitive development, learning styles, and memory power. To gather quantitative data, a battery of cognitive assessments is used and then analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of sociocultural elements in influencing second language learning, including student’s cultural origins, social interactions, and language exposure. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of how sociocultural and cognitive factors interact to affect student’s acquisition of second languages in multicultural settings. This study intends to assist educators in developing ideal learning settings that encourage successful language acquisition and cultural diversity by providing light on these elements
Probing Amplification in the Urdu Translation of Barnard Shaw’s Pygmalion
No full textThis study investigates how Urdu translation of Barnard Shaw’s Pygmalion by Qudsia Zaidi employs amplification. The linguistic naturalness and cultural expressions are obscured by old-fashioned methods of translations, which are rigidly mathematical in a systematic traditional way, presuming a one-to-one match between languages at various levels. This traditional translation approach is outdated to an extent, especially in this modern era where translation is viewed from a broader perspective. Various excerpts from the Urdu translation of Pygmalion that demonstrate amplification are selected, using a purposive sampling technique. Creating a connection between the source and target cultures and filling the perceived gaps in translation process is considered a crucial element in this study through a qualitative analysis. Eugene A. Nida’s model of functional equivalence has been used as the theoretical framework. It is recommended to utilize amplification in the Urdu literary translations to eliminate foreignness and uncover the cultural significances by retaining its essential ingredients from the source to the target text
Cultural and Linguistic Borrowing in the Urdu Translation of ‘The Bell Jar’: An Analysis of English Loanwords and their Significance
No full textThis research delves into the intricate dynamics of linguistic borrowing between English and Urdu, primarily focusing on the Urdu translation of “The Bell Jar.” Employing a qualitative methodology, the study navigates the nuanced reasons behind the incorporation of English loanwords into Urdu, emphasizing Lawrence Venuti’s theory of foreignization and domestication. Through purposive sampling, the research wields descriptive method to analyze loanwords, unveiling patterns and adaptations within the Urdu context. The findings shed light on the multifaceted interplay of cultural, historical, and linguistic factors, revealing a complex negotiation between preserving linguistic integrity and adapting to a globalized world. While acknowledging limitations, such as a lack of quantitative data, the study significantly contributes to understand the evolving nature of languages and the intricate dynamics of translation choices in the Urdu linguistic landscape
A Critical Discourse Analysis of Selena Marie Gomez's Motivational Speeches: Obliterating the Stereotypical Construction of Social Stigma, Mental Health, and Self-Acceptance
No full textThis research paper aims to conduct a critical discourse analysis of Selena Marie Gomez'smotivational speeches. Selena Marie Gomez an American singer, producer, businesswoman,model, and activist, is renowned for her inspirational speeches that focus on themes of resilience,hope, mental health, and overcoming adversity. The study aims to explore how Selena MarieGomez negates conventional construction of social stigma, mental health, and self-acceptance,and provides a novel insight in her speeches. The study employs qualitative and descriptivetechniques to illustrate as well as evaluate the data. The present research employs a commixtureof critical discourse analysis, and motivational theory's frameworks to analyze Selena Gomez'sfive speeches with reference to language, discourse, and social context to understand how sheannihilates the stereotypical binary oppositions and reinforces certain social identities and powerrelations. The findings of this study have implications for understanding how motivationalspeeches reshape public perceptions of social stigma, mental health, and self-acceptance forpromoting more inclusive and empowering discourses in public discourse
Mismatch between Students’ Learning Objectives and Learning Outcomes: A Case Study of English as a Subject
No full textIn educational settings, the alignment of learning objectives with actual learning outcomes is a critical concern. The significance of this study is to explore the discrepancies between the desired learning objectives and the actually achieved learning outcomes in a particular English educational subject in Pakistani educational institutions. A thorough study was carried out to analyse the importance of coordinating learning objectives with sociocultural influences, instructional strategies, and assessment methods. The research utilizes a mixed method case study. The qualitative collection of data involves classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. Then to develop a holistic understanding, quantitative surveys are collected from teachers and students. The study population is composed of educators and students from conveniently selective educational institutions. The research explores to determine the root causes by analyzing the perceptions, practices, and experiences. The outcomes of the research are to improve the efficacy of learning objectives by refining educational approaches and stimulating more coherent and fruitful learning outcomes in the English educational context
Deconstructing Gender Norms and Gender Stereotypes: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Brands’ Advertisements
No full textAdvertisements play significant role in the reflection of society. In early times, advertisements were failed to portray the achievements of women. Women were portrayed as fragile and weak, whereas men were portrayed as strong individuals engaged in high status jobs. The aim of this study is to analyse linguistics, ideological and discursive strategies used in Pakistani advertisements and awareness campaigns to challenge and break gender stereotypes. It will also examine the impact of gender stereotypes in Pakistani advertisements on consumer’s perception of gender role and identities. Norman Fairclough’s model (1995) is used as a theoretical framework to analyse underlying ideologies and linguistic and discursive strategies used in advertisements to break gender stereotypes. In the paradigm of qualitative approach, descriptive method has been used to analyse the data. Advertisements are selected from different Pakistani TV channels and social media platforms aired during the last three years (2020-2023). The findings suggest that various strategies are used in the selected advertisements, which attempt to break gender stereotypes
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