39 research outputs found
Author Correction: Uncoupling of invasive bacterial mucosal immunogenicity from pathogenicity.
No full textISSN:2041-172
Countably compact group topologies on arbitrarily large free Abelian groups
No full textWe prove that if there are c incomparable selective ultrafilters then, for every infinite cardinal κ such that κω=κ, there exists a group topology on the free Abelian group of cardinality κ without nontrivial convergent sequences and such that every finite power is countably compact. In particular, there are arbitrarily large countably compact groups. This answers a 1992 question of D. Dikranjan and D. Shakhmatov.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Analysi
Finite-dimensional Nichols algebras over dual Radford algebras
No full textFor n, m ∈ N, let Hn,m be the dual of the Radford algebra of dimension n 2m. We present new finite-dimensional Nichols algebras arising from the study of simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules over Hn,m. Along the way, we describe the simple objects in Hn,m Hn,m YD and their projective envelopes. Then, we determine those simple modules that give rise to finite-dimensional Nichols algebras for the case n = 2. There are 18 possible cases. We present by generators and relations the corresponding Nichols algebras on five of these eighteen cases. As an application, we characterize finite-dimensional Nichols algebras over indecomposable modules for n = 2 = m and n = 2, m = 3, which recovers some results of the second and third author in the former case, and of Xiong in the latter.Fil: Bagio, D.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BrasilFil: García, Gastón Andrés. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Departamento de Matemáticas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Jury Giraldi, Joao Matheus. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; BrasilFil: Márquez, O.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasi
OpenGovIntelligence Project Deliverable D4.1- Pilots and Evaluation Plan V1: Fostering Innovation and Creativity in Europe through Public Administration Modernization towards Supplying and Exploiting Linked Open Statistical Data
No full textIn this report evaluation methods and measures for the OpenGovIntelligence (OGI) project are presented. The evaluation of OGI innovation ecosystem on public administration is based on four main areas that will be evaluated: 1. Co-Creation Framework. How will this framework enable co-creation? 2. OGI ICT Toolkit (Building blocks and Cubes Design). Are the building blocks suitable for providing the functionality needed? How does the OGI ICT toolkit serve its purpose support application development? 3. Acceptance of OGI Toolkit. Will the users accept and work with the developed applications? 4. Outcomes: what is the result of these use of the applications on elements like administrative burden and transparency
Data science empowering the public: Data-driven dashboards for transparent and accountable decision-making in smart cities
No full textDashboards visualize a consolidated set data for a certain purpose which enables users to see what is happening and to initiate actions. Dashboards can be used by governments to support their decision-making and policy processes or to communicate and interact with the public. The objective of this paper is to understand and to support the design of dashboards for creating transparency and accountability. Two smart city cases are investigated showing that dashboards can improve transparency and accountability, however, realizing these benefits was cumbersome and encountered various risks and challenges. Challenges include insufficient data quality, lack of understanding of data, poor analysis, wrong interpretation, confusion about the outcomes, and imposing a pre-defined view. These challenges can easily result in misconceptions, wrong decision-making, creating a blurred picture resulting in less transparency and accountability, and ultimately in even less trust in the government. Principles guiding the design of dashboards are presented. Dashboards need to be complemented by mechanisms supporting citizens' engagement, data interpretation, governance and institutional arrangements.</p
Biogeography of microbial bile acid transformations along the murine gut
No full textBile acids, which are synthesized from cholesterol by the liver, are chemically transformed along the intestinal tract by the gut microbiota, and the products of these transformations signal through host receptors, affecting overall host health. These transformations include bile acid deconjugation, oxidation, and 7 alpha-dehydroxylation. An understanding of the biogeography of bile acid transformations in the gut is critical because deconjugation is a prerequisite for 7 alpha-dehydroxylation and because most gut microorganisms harbor bile acid transformation capacity. Here, we used a coupled metabolomic and metaproteomic approach to probe in vivo activity of the gut microbial community in a gnotobiotic mouse model. Results revealed the involvement of Clostridium scindens in 7 alpha-dehydroxylation, of the genera Muribaculum and Bacteroides in deconjugation, and of six additional organisms in oxidation (the genera Clostridium, Muribaculum, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Acutalibacter, and Akkermansia). Furthermore, the bile acid profile in mice with a more complex microbiota, a dysbiosed microbiota, or no microbiota was considered. For instance, conventional mice harbor a large diversity of bile acids, but treatment with an antibiotic such as clindamycin results in the complete inhibition of 7 alpha-dehydroxylation, underscoring the strong inhibition of organisms that are capable of carrying out this process by this compound. Finally, a comparison of the hepatic bile acid pool size as a function of microbiota revealed that a reduced microbiota affects host signaling but not necessarily bile acid synthesis. In this study, bile acid transformations were mapped to the associated active microorganisms, offering a systematic characterization of the relationship between microbiota and bile acid composition.EMLISIC-G
The lactonase BxdA mediates metabolic specialisation of maize root bacteria to benzoxazinoids.
No full textRoot exudates contain specialised metabolites that shape the plant's root microbiome. How host-specific microbes cope with these bioactive compounds, and how this ability affects root microbiomes, remains largely unknown. We investigated how maize root bacteria metabolise benzoxazinoids, the main specialised metabolites of maize. Diverse and abundant bacteria metabolised the major compound in the maize rhizosphere MBOA (6-methoxybenzoxazolin-2(3H)-one) and formed AMPO (2-amino-7-methoxy-phenoxazin-3-one). AMPO forming bacteria were enriched in the rhizosphere of benzoxazinoid-producing maize and could use MBOA as carbon source. We identified a gene cluster associated with AMPO formation in microbacteria. The first gene in this cluster, bxdA encodes a lactonase that converts MBOA to AMPO in vitro. A deletion mutant of the homologous bxdA genes in the genus Sphingobium, did not form AMPO nor was it able to use MBOA as a carbon source. BxdA was identified in different genera of maize root bacteria. Here we show that plant-specialised metabolites select for metabolisation-competent root bacteria. BxdA represents a benzoxazinoid metabolisation gene whose carriers successfully colonize the maize rhizosphere and thereby shape the plant's chemical environmental footprint
Rowella Lopes & Klautau 2023, GEN. NOV.
No full textGENUS ROWELLA GEN.NOV. Z o o b a n k r e g i s t r a t i o n: h t t p s: / / z o o b a n k.o r g / urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5163DADD-AD0B-47B9- A595-369DACFA329C. Type species: Leucettusa simplicissima Burton, 1932. Synonym: Leucetta – Poléjaeff, 1883: 28; non Haeckel, 1872: 117. Leucettusa – Dendy & Row, 1913: 738; Burton, 1963: 50; Borojević et al., 1990: 258; 2002: 1148; Hooper & Wiedenmayer, 1994: 481; Voigt et al., 2012: 11; Klautau et al., 2013: 454; Riesgo et al., 2018: 835. Etymology: Named after Dr Harold Row for his efforts on the systematics of calcareous sponges and for being the co-author of Leucaltidae. Diagnosis: Leucettidae with an amorphous or tubular massive body.The well-developed cortical skeleton can be comprised of single or multiple layers of triactines and/ or tetractines. The choanosomal and the atrial skeletons are comprised of pygmy triactines and tetractines. Aquiferous system leuconoid, syconoid or both. Remarks: Most of the species here assigned to RoƜella have a tubular body but several others can grow ramifications (e.g. R. simplicissima), while some have a pyriform or amorphous shape (e.g. R. pyriformis and R. dyctiogaster). More than the external morphology, every member of this genus has a peculiar spicule category, named primarily as pygmy triactines and/ or tetractines by Poléjaeff (1883: 67). These spicules are present in the choanosomal and atrial regions, in different proportions among species. We opt to follow Poléjaeff’s termination and refer to these spicules as pygmy in our descriptions. It is important to highlight that Leucaltis and RoƜella were not recovered as sister-taxa. Hence, pygmy spicules are different from the small choanosomal and atrial spicules of Leucaltis, differing from what was previously thought (e.g. Borojević et al., 1990). Pygmy spicules may have even a reduced actine (assuming a V-shape). As Poléjaeff (1883) just called them pygmy, not defining them, we are defining them by their size range (from 10.0–83.0 μm length to 2.5–13.0 μm width) and location scattered in the choanosomal and atrial skeletons. The presence of these morphological traits should be considered in the diagnosis of the genus. We could not resolve doubts on Leucettusa soyo (Hôzawa, 1933). This species had its position questioned in previous works (e.g. Dendy & Row, 1913; Rapp, 2004; Cavalcanti et al., 2013) and was allocated in different calcinean genera. Hôzawa’s (1933) description is doubtful, because important morphological characters, such as the presence of anastomosed tubes, were not clearly mentioned. He described a massive sponge, with radial choanocyte chambers around the atrium. Yet, he also mentioned the presence of ‘ascon-tubes’ and described the aquiferous system as ‘Dendy’s type D’ (Dendy, 1891), i.e. solenoid (Cavalcanti & Klautau, 2011). This is the only description available for this species and it is not satisfactory for its identification. We consider this a case of species inquirenda and highlight Cavalcanti et al. ’s (2013) statement that its position is uncertain and new material is necessary to make a proper genus assignment. Scope: Ten previously described ‘ Leucettusa ’ species are being transferred to the new genus RoƜella: R. connectens (Brøndsted, 1926); R. dictyogaster (Row & Hôzawa, 1931); R. haeckeliana (Poléjaeff, 1883); R. imperfecta (Poléjaeff, 1883); R. lancifera (Dendy, 1924); R. mariae (Brøndsted, 1926); R. pyriformis (Brønsted, 1926); R. simplicissima (Burton, 1932); R. tubulosa (Dendy, 1924) and R. Ʋera (Poléjaeff, 1883). Leucettusa nuda (Azevedo et al., 2009) is considered a junior synonym of R. simplicissima. Leucettusa soyo (Hôzawa, 1933) is considered species inquirenda.Published as part of Lopes, Matheus Vieira & Klautau, Michelle, 2023, Phylogeny and revision of Leucaltis and Leucettusa (Porifera: Calcarea), with new classification proposals and description of a new type of aquiferous system, pp. 691-746 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 on pages 715-716, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad008, http://zenodo.org/record/789415
Engineering bacterial symbionts of nematodes improves biocontrol potential of the western corn rootworm
No full textThe western corn rootworm (WCR) decimates maize crops worldwide. One potential way to control this pest is treatment with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) that harbor bacterial symbionts that are pathogenic to insects. However, WCR larvae sequester benzoxazinoid secondary metabolites that are produced by maize and use them to increase their resistance to the nematodes and their symbionts. Here we report that experimental evolution and selection for bacterial symbionts that are resistant to benzoxazinoids improve the ability of a nematode–symbiont pair to kill WCR larvae. We isolated five Photorhabdus symbionts from different nematodes and increased their benzoxazinoid resistance through experimental evolution. Benzoxazinoid resistance evolved through multiple mechanisms, including a mutation in the aquaporin-like channel gene aqpZ. We reintroduced benzoxazinoid-resistant Photorhabdus strains into their original EPN hosts and identified one nematode–symbiont pair that was able to kill benzoxazinoid-sequestering WCR larvae more efficiently. Our results suggest that modification of bacterial symbionts might provide a generalizable strategy to improve biocontrol of agricultural pests
The Naples of Luciano de Crescenzo in Così parlò Bellavista: topoanalysis of the mythical and real space
No full textO presente estudo realiza a topoanálise da obra italiana Così parlò Bellavista: Napoli, amore e libertà [Assim falou Bellavista: Nápoles, amor e liberdade], lançada em 1977, pelo escritor italiano Luciano de Crescenzo. Nesse romance, o autor explora Nápoles por meio das observações filosóficas do professor de Filosofia Gennaro Bellavista, juntamente de seus amigos e conterrâneos napolitanos. Desse modo, analisamos a configuração literária da cidade por meio dos espaços denotativos e conotativos presentes nos diálogos dos personagens. Ademais, como Bellavista exacerba as qualidades de Nápoles, buscamos verificar como o aspecto mítico e o aspecto utópico se aplicam no discurso do professor sobre ela. Além disso, buscamos estudar como a presença da Filosofia na estrutura da obra, por meio dos diálogos platônicos e da argumentação de Bellavista, é um meio de configurar a cidade e seus habitantes. Verificamos também como o hibridismo, isto é, a presença de gêneros textuais advindos da tradição oral e de cunho humorístico, é uma outra forma de explorar a cidade ao passo que também a caracteriza por meio do riso. Para tais investigações, utilizamos principalmente as reflexões teóricas de Brandão (2013) e Borges Filho (2007) relativas ao espaço. Para os conteúdos sobre Nápoles, baseamo-nos nas obras de Palumbo, Ponticello (2014) e D’ambrosio (s/d). No que tange à Filosofia, nortearam nossa pesquisa Souza (2018) e De Crescenzo (2012). Os aspectos sobre o Mito e sobre a Utopia foram baseados em Da Tavola (1985) e Vieira (2010), respectivamente. Sobre hibridismo, guiamo-nos pelas reflexões de Bahktin (2002) e, por fim, sobre o riso, utilizamos os estudos de Bergson (1983) e Minois (2002). Concluímos que o espaço em Così parlò Bellavista não só correspondente à cidade empírica de Nápoles, mas também confere aos personagens aspectos socioeconômicos, filosóficos e éticos, interligando-os positivamente a tal espaço. Além disso, ele é exaltado exacerbadamente por Bellavista, caracterizando a sua perspectiva mediante o que nomeamos de “mítico-utópica”.This study conducts the topoanalysis of the Italian work Così parlò Bellavista: Napoli, amore e libertà [Thus Spoken Bellavista: Naples, love and liberty], published in 1977, by the Italian writer Luciano de Crescenzo. In this novel, the author explores Naples through the philosophical observations of the philosophy teacher Gennaro Bellavista, along with his friends and Neapolitan countrymen. Therefore, we analyzed the literary configuration of the city through the denotative and connotative spaces present in the dialogues of the characters. Moreover, as Bellavista exacerbates the qualities of Naples, we researched how the mythic aspect and the utopian aspect are applied in the teacher's discourse about the city. Furthermore, we studied how the presence of the Philosophy in the structure of the work, through the platonic dialogues and in the Bellavista's arguments, is a way of setting up the city and its inhabitants. We also analyzed how the hybridity of the work, namely the presence of textual genres from oral tradition with humorous nature, is another way of exploring the city while also characterizing it through laughter. For such investigations, we mainly used the theoretical reflections of Brandão (2013) and Borges Filho (2007) related to space. For the content about Naples, we based our analysis on the works of Palumbo, Ponticello (2014) and D'ambrosio (s / d). Regarding the philosophy, our research was mainly guided by Souza (2018) and De Crescenzo (2012). Aspects about Myth and Utopia were based on Da Tavola (1985) and Vieira (2010), respectively. On Hybridism, we were guided by the reflections of Bahktin (2002) and, finally, on laughter, we based our studies on Bergson (1983) and Minois (2002). We conclude that the space in Così parlò Bellavista not only corresponds to the empirical city of Naples, but also features the characters under socioeconomic, philosophical and ethical aspects, positively interconnecting them to such space. Besides that, it is also exacerbated by Bellavista, characterizing his perspective by means of what we called “mythic-utopian”.Questo studio fa la topoanalise dell'opera italiana Così parlò Bellavista: Napoli, amore e libertà, pubblicata nel 1977, dallo scrittore italiano Luciano de Crescenzo. In questo romanzo, l'autore esplora Napoli attraverso le osservazioni filosofiche dall’insegnante Gennaro Bellavista, insieme ai suoi amici e compaesani napoletani. In questo modo, analizziamo la configurazione letteraria della città mediante gli spazi denotativi e connotativi presenti nei dialoghi dei personaggi. Inoltre, perchè Bellavista esagera le qualità di Napoli, cerchiamo di analizzare come l'aspetto mitico e l'aspetto utopico si applicano nel discorso dell'insegnante sulla città. In aggiunta a questo, cerchiamo di studiare come la presenza della Filosofia nella struttura dell'opera, attraverso i dialoghi platonici e gli argomenti di Bellavista, sia un mezzo per configurare la città e i suoi abitanti. Abbiamo ricercato anche come l’ibridismo, ovvero la presenza di generi testuali della tradizione orale di natura umoristica, sia un altro modo di esplorare la città e allo stesso tempo caratterizzarla mediante il riso. Per tali indagini, utilizziamo principalmente le riflessioni teoriche di Brandão (2013) e Borges Filho (2007) relative allo spazio. Per i contenuti su Napoli, ci siamo basati sulle opere di Palumbo, Ponticello (2014) e D'ambrosio (s/d). Per quanto riguarda la Filosofia, la nostra ricerca è stata guidata principalmente da Souza (2018) e De Crescenzo (2012). Aspetti sul Mito e sul Utopia sono basati su Da Tavola (1985) e Vieira (2010), rispettivamente. Sull'ibridismo, siamo guidati dalle riflessioni di Bahktin (2002) e, infine, sul riso (il comico), abbiamo letto gli studi di Bergson (1983) e Minois (2002). Abbiamo concluso che lo spazio in Così parlò Bellavista non solo corrisponde alla città empirica di Napoli, ma anche conferisce ai personaggi aspetti socioeconomici, filosofici ed etici, collegandoli positivamente a tale spazio. In più di questo, viene esaltato esageratamente da Bellavista, caratterizzando la sua analisi da una prospettiva che chiamiamo "mitico-utopica"
