375 research outputs found
Deep Learning Methods for Abnormality Detection and Segmentation in Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Images
No full textIn this dissertation, I describe development of novel deep learning (DL)-based methodologies for the detection and segmentation of clinical abnormalities including renal lesions, left ventricle (LV) scar, and prostate cancer (PCa) in 3D computed tomography (CT) scans and magnetic resonance (MR) images. In the first phase, I developed a decision fusion of patch-based convolutional neural network (CNN) for renal masses classification into cyst versus solid. The solid renal masses were then categorized into benign and malignant using an image-based CNN. These approaches were selected to capture local and global features of the renal masses including intensity, texture, shape, and size, which are key features used by radiologists to classify renal masses. Results demonstrated that automated assessment of renal mass with moderate-to-high degrees of accuracy is feasible. In the second phase, I designed a novel algorithm that comprehensively learns and integrates inter- and intra-slice features from 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)-MR images and allows to accurately and efficiently delineate LV scar fully automatically. In the proposed method, three U-Nets were trained using LGE-MR images extracted from transversal, coronal, and sagittal directions to learn the description of LV scar from different views and the predicted results were combined through majority voting system for the final segmentation. This algorithm benefited from isotropic property of the voxels in 3D MRI that permits for multiplanar reformation. In the third phase, I described a U-Net-based methodology to segment prostate zones from T2-weighted (T2W) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map prostate MR images as a fundamental requirement for automated diagnosis of PCa. This work is the first attempt for prostate zonal segmentation using ADC map MR images. Furthermore, I presented an ensemble learning system for fully automated localization of peripheral zone PCa from the ADC map. The ensemble learning model allowed accurate PCa detection, which was not possible using one network due to the complexity of the decision boundary. Our results confirmed that automated PCa detection and segmentation using ADC map MR image are feasible, highly sensitive and can be performed rapidly
The Relationship between Family Social Capital and Prosocial Behaviors (Case Study: Yazd University Students) Seyed Reza Javadian Fatemeh Zeydabadi Nezhad
No full textThe Relationship between Family Social Capital and Prosocial Behaviors (Case Study: Yazd University Students) Seyed Reza Javadian[1] , Fatemeh Zeydabadi Nezhad[2] Received: 29/9/2017 Accepted: 2/10/2018 Abstract The purpose of this study was to see the relationship between family social capital and prosocial behaviors in students, because family members play an important role in the re-production and re-distribution of social capital and in strengthening the prosocial behaviors and the sense of altruism in children. The statistical population was all students at Yazd University in 2014-2015. The sample (372 students) was selected through random convenience sampling. Data was collected through Prosocial Tendencies Measure Revised and social capital questionnaire which was developed by the researcher. Data was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient, T test and regression. The results showed that students' prosocial behaviors was more than average (M=78.4). The Pearson correlation coefficients of social capital dimensions (intimacy, monitoring, social participation, social norm, effectiveness, environmental trust, institutional trust) and students' prosocial behaviors, are statistically significant. Results also indicate that social norm, environmental trust, social participation, institutional trust and monitoring can explain up to 17 percent of the dependent variable. Keywords: Prosocial Behavior, Altruism, Social Capital, Family, Student [1]. Assistant Professor in Social Work, Social Sciences Department, YazdUniversity, Yazd, Iran. (Corresponding Author). [email protected] [2]. M.A. in Sociology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran. [email protected]
Academic Library Websites as Marketing Tools
Get PDFThis paper discusses the fundamentals of library marketing. Definitions, importance, role, and factors that influence marketing are presented. The marketing function of academic library websites is highlighted
Information Technology as a Medium of Inter-organizational Knowledge Sharing
Get PDFNowadays knowledge is one of the most important strategic resources in organizations. Knowledge sharing is a mechanism for people to capture, disseminate, transfer and apply useful knowledge. In this regard knowledge sharing has become a strategic issue: as a source of funding for university research and as a policy tool for economic development. So collaboration between universities (centers of science) and research organizations (centers for practice) can play an important role in the field of knowledge sharing, as such, understanding the perceptions of how knowledge is shared between organizations is very important in their implementation of KM. Therefore this paper begins with the description of the term knowledge. It then discusses knowledge sharing and scientific collaboration between universities & research centers. Finally different ways of this process like communicational channels, especially ICTs are discussed.
Keywords- Information Technology, Knowledge Management, Knowledge Sharing, Inter-organization, Scientific Collaboratio
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Morphological And Anatomical Responses Of Matricaria Chamomilla Plants To Cadmium And Calcium
No full textSoudeh Farzadfar, Fatemeh Zarinkamar: Morphological and anatomical responses of Matricaria chamomilla plants to cadmium and calcium ABSTRACT The effect of calcium (Ca) nutrition on cadmium (Cd) toxicity and accumulation in chamomile seedlings was studied in a hydroponic culture. The inhibitory effect of Cd on plant growth and anatomical traits was dependent on CaCl 2 level. Morphological traits such as root elongation, shoot elongation, number of branches per plant and increase in leaf number were not much affected by an increased Cd stress at 0.1 mM CaCl 2 , but it showed a rapid increase when the plants were exposed to moderate (1 mM) and high (5 mM) CaCl 2 concentrations. Anatomical treats such as diameter of root, central vein, phloem and xylem of roots, size of precycle, epidermal and parenchyma cells were affected by experimental treatments. But there was a less significant effect among different CaCl 2 concentrations on the size of aerechyma. High CaCl 2 application caused also a marked increase in anatomical traits of roots. Reduction in anatomical traits of roots was higher at high Cd (180 μM) stress than at low Cd (0 and 120 μM) stress. These results suggest that high level Ca would reduce cell-surface negativity and alleviate the harmfulness of Cd. It is also suggested that the occurrence of Cd toxicity in chamomile plants is mediated by Ca nutrition
Analysis of Researchers’ Information Searching Behavior Based on Verbal/ Imagery Cognitive Styles on Web
No full textThe purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of
verbal and imagery cognitive styles on information searching behavior
of users in using the Web. Applied and mixed method was used in this
study. Forty-four participants, including academic staff from Iranian
universities and research centers were recruited for this study.
Participants’ cognitive style was measured by using Riding Cognitive
Style Analysis test. Two search tasks were designed based on Kim’s
search task definitions. An individual lab session was arranged and then
each participant’s memos were analyzed using a constructive
observation approach. 48 strategies in 4 categories were identified:
search initiation behaviors, formulating search queries, search
conducting behaviors, and information processing behaviors. It was
found that there were relations between users’ cognitive styles and
information searching behavior. The participants varied in their
selection of search initiation behaviors so that imagers suffered from
more varied initial behavior than verbalizers. Verbalizers tended to
search in narrow area then broadening the area and follow structured
conduction and reading behavior to process information, while imagers
tended to search in general area then narrowing down the search and
adopt mix conductional styles and mixed behavior to process
information. Results showed that both descriptively and statistically
there were significant difference between information searching
behavior of imagers and verbalizers, so that verbalizers used more strategies than
imagers. Findings noted that verbalizers spent more time than imagers for
completing tasks, whereas imagers tended to visit more nodes than did the
verbalizers. Significant interaction was found between types of search task in
number of nodes visited and time spent in retrieving information, but statistically
there was no significant difference between cognitive styles, and between types of
search task and cognitive styles in number of nodes visited and time spent in
retrieving information. The study provides new understanding of Web users’
information search behavior based on cognitive styles which contributes to the
theoretical basis of Web search research. It also raises various questions within the
context of user studies. The paper adopted a qualitative approach in the area of
information searching on the Web which is mainly dominated by research
methods
Identifying Qualitative Factors Affecting the Production and Distribution of Information and Knowledge in Science and Technology Parks of Iran
Get PDFThis study was conducted in order to identity Qualitative factors affecting the production and distribution of information and knowledge in science and technology parks of Iran. The research was Applied Research in which, qualitative method was carried out. The population of the study was included of 10 managers of Knowledge-based Companies. The data was collected from the population using semi-structured and in-depth interviews. For data analysis, content analysis was used. Results of the qualitative factors affecting the production and distribution of information and knowledge in science and technology parks of Iran, led to extraction of 39 components which were classified in four categories: I) Foreign and domestic policy, II) Financial and economic support, III) Infrastructure barriers and IV) Cultural barriers. Results howed that overcoming the political, financial and economic, infrastructural and cultural barriers has undeniable impact on production and distribution of information and knowledge
Movie rating prediction using multimedia content and modeling as a classification problem
No full textThis paper presents the method proposed for the recommender system task in Mediaeval 2018 on predicting user global ratings given to movies and their standard deviation through the audiovisual content and the associated metadata. In the proposed work, we model the rating prediction problem as a classification problem and employ different classifiers for the prediction task. Furthermore, in order to obtain a video-level representation of features from clip-level features, we employ statistical summarization functions. Results are promising and show the potential of leveraging the audiovisual content for improving the quality of existing movie recommendation systems in service. Copyright held by the owner/author(s)
Effect of pristine graphene incorporation on charge storage mechanism of three-dimensional graphene oxide: superior energy and power density retention
Get PDFIn the race of gaining higher energy density, carbon's capacity to retain power density is generally lost due to defect incorporation and resistance increment in carbon electrode. Herein, a relationship between charge carrier density/charge movement and supercapacitance performance is established. For this purpose we have incorporated the most defect-free pristine graphene into defective/sacrificial graphene oxide. A unique co-solvent-based technique is applied to get a homogeneous suspension of single to bi-layer graphene and graphene oxide. This suspension is then transformed into a 3D composite structure of pristine graphene sheets (GSs) and defective N-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO), which is the first stable and homogenous 3D composite between GS and RGO to the best of our knowledge. It is found that incorporation of pristine graphene can drastically decrease defect density and thus decrease relaxation time due to improved associations between electrons in GS and ions in electrolyte. Furthermore, N doping is implemented selectively only on RGO and such doping is shown to improve the charge carrier density of the composite, which eventually improves the energy density. After all, the novel 3D composite structure of N-RGO and GS greatly improves energy and power density even at high current density (20 A/g). © The Author(s) 2016.1
Microzonation Study on the Western Area of Napoli
No full textA rational evaluation of the seismic risk of urban areas cannot neglect the variability of the ground motion due to site amplification and the induced effects, such as soil liquefaction and slope stability. In this framework, the microzonation maps certainly represent the most adequate tool to account for this element in the seismic risk and for planning mitigation strategies. This study shows the preliminary results of a multidisciplinary research, which deals with the seismic microzonation of the Western area of Napoli. The selected case study is a challenging choice, as the seismic hazard is affected by both tectonic and volcanic seismicity, which in historical time differently affected the urban setting. The latter, in turn, results highly heterogeneous, as consisting of a mixing of both masonry and concrete structures. The adopted approach followed the recommendations of both the National and International Guidelines, with reference to the multi-levels methods. The collection, homogenization and synthesis of a significant number of existing data permitted the development of reliable geological and geotechnical subsoil models, leading to Grade I and II seismic microzonation maps, characterized by different expected amplification of ground motion and instability due to the liquefaction. Such maps represent a key for a quantitative assessment of seismic performance of buildings and infrastructures, in view of the expected urban requalification of the area
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