1,721,243 research outputs found
Siemens/IMA technical report
No full textNitsche, M.. (1997). Siemens/IMA technical report. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/3038
Scaling properties of vortex ring formation at a circular tube opening
No full textNitsche, M.. (1996). Scaling properties of vortex ring formation at a circular tube opening. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/2899
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of the Human Brain. From Basic Principles to Clinical Application
No full textThe classical opinion that brain function and structure are stable in adults has been challenged by recent research results, which show highly dynamic neuroplastic alterations during lifetime. These alterations are important for cognition and behaviour in the healthy brain, and pathological alterations contribute to many neuropsychiatric diseases. The development of non-invasive brain stimulation tools fostered the exploration of neuroplastic processes in the healthy human brain, and might also be suited to alter pathological neuroplastic processes. Transcranial stimulation with direct current (transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS), which has been developed recently, is a tool suited for the induction of neuroplasticity in the human brain. It accomplishes the induction of long-lasting excitability alterations in the human cerebral cortex, and hereby enables the modification of cognition and behaviour. Moreover, it has been shown to improve clinical symptoms in those neuropsychiatric diseases that are accompanied by pathological alterations of neuroplasticity. This review gives an overview about the physiological basics of tDCS, as well as the functional effects in the healthy and the pathologically altered brain
Neuromodulatory Non-invasive Brain Stimulation: Methods and Clinical Application
No full textPathological alterations of plasticity are increasingly discussed as pathophysiological foundation of diverse neurologic and psychiatric diseases. The tools of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) offer the possibility to examine altered plasticity in patients and furthermore modulate pathological plasticity therapeutically. Multiple methods to affect human neuroplasticity were developed and established during the last years. These include repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), paired associative stimulation (PAS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and oscillatory electric stimulation procedures like transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) and random noise stimulation. The only FDA-approved and clinically implemented method of NIBS is the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation that is used for the treatment of major depressions. All other tools of NIBS have so far been mainly applied experimentally. In the following article we provide an overview of the different methods of NIBS, the present clinical and therapeutic data and future perspectives
Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans
No full textThe authors show that in the human transcranial direct current stimulation is able to induce sustained cortical excitability elevations. As revealed by transcranial magnetic stimulation, motor cortical excitability increased approximately 150% above baseline for up to 90 minutes after the end of stimulation. The feasibility of inducing long-lasting excitability modulations in a noninvasive, painless, and reversible way makes this technique a potentially valuable tool in neuroplasticity modulation
Non-invasive transcranial stimulation of the brain in patients with pain
No full textMany neurological diseases are characterized by pain as a key symptom. Systematic studies to investigate the mechanisms of pain are of outmost importance, since they may subsequently result in improved treatment strategies. In recent years, possibilities have emerged to manipulate ongoing neuroplastic changes by external modulation, either by interfering with neuronal firing rate or with neuronal membrane potentials. The first can be performed by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), the latter by direct current stimulation (tDCS). rTMS is a technology which uses electromagnetic principles to produce small electrical currents in the cortex. Evidence indicates that rTMS-produced plastic changes in the CNS are observable at both the cellular and functional levels. It is proposed by many studies that rTMS can provide short-term relief in chronic pain. tDCS as a tool aims to induce prolonged neuronal excitability and activity alterations in the human brain via alterations of the neuronal membrane potential. Apart from its impressive persistent excitability effects, it is a non-invasive method and can be applied painlessly. Accordingly, tDCS in the human is a promising tool in the treatment of diseases that are accompanied by changes of cortical excitability
TRACING ORIGIN AND PROPAGATION AREAS OF EPILEPTIC ACTIVITY BY COMBINING TMS AND EEG SOURCE ANALYSIS IN GENERALIZED EPILEPSY
No full text
TRACING ORIGIN AND PROPAGATION AREAS OF EPILEPTIC ACTIVITY BY COMBINING TMS AND EEG SOURCE ANALYSIS IN GENERALIZED EPILEPSY
No full text- …
