32 research outputs found
THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON MATERNAL HEALTH, TAMIL NADU, INDIA: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.
Get PDFObjectives
This study aims to analyze the health challenges experienced by antenatal women and assess the influence of socioeconomic factors, with the goal of informing targeted interventions to enhance global maternal health outcomes.
Methods
This prospective observational study, conducted at Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital’s (SBMCH) Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department over 18 months, enrolled 326 pregnant women without pre-existing conditions. The study focused on the impact of socioeconomic status on diverse pregnancy complications, using randomization as the sampling technique. Comprehensive assessments, including history, examinations, and various blood investigations, were performed, followed by a meticulous follow-up throughout pregnancy.
Results
The study identified a predominant age group of 20-34 years among pregnant women, with notable BMI variations. Notably, 61.3% exhibited a normal BMI, 11.7% experienced spontaneous abortion, with 57.9% occurring in the lower socioeconomic class, and 7.4% manifested congenital anomalies, with 83.3% from the lower socioeconomic class. Furthermore, prevalent conditions like anemia (54.3%), GDM (21.8%), cervicovaginal infections (24.8%), and hypertensive disorders (35.9%) showcased substantial associations with socioeconomic factors.
Conclusion
The findings of the present investigation underscore the crucial role of socioeconomic factors in maternal health outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and awareness programs. This study provides valuable insights for future public health initiatives aiming to address and alleviate health disparities among pregnant women.
Recommendation
The study recommends implementing targeted interventions and educational initiatives to address socioeconomic disparities, thereby enhancing maternal health outcomes
Intelligent Thermoresponsive Substrate from Modified Overhead Projection Sheet as a Tool for Construction and Support of Cell Sheets In Vitro
No full textCell sheet engineering using thermoresponsive culture dishes allows harvesting of intact in vitro cell sheet. In this study, commercially available polyethylene terephthalate-based overhead projection transparency sheet (OHPS) was identified as a substrate for coating thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-glycidylmethacrylate) (NGMA) copolymer having lower critical solution temperature of 28 degrees C. Since OHPS is highly hydrophobic and rigid, the surface was modified by alkali treatment (OHPS-M) to functionalize the surface with carboxyl and hydroxyl groups so as to make it more suitable for efficient coating of NGMA copolymer and cell culture. To impart thermoresponsiveness, OHPS-M was coated with NGMA (OHPS-MC). Surface morphology, surface chemistry, and thermoresponsive coating were analyzed by profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and proliferation on OHPS-M and OHPS-MC were analyzed using L929 cells. Specific cytocompatibility analysis was done using SIRC (Rabbit corneal) cells. Data revealed cytocompatible nature of OHPS-M and OHPS-MC. Suitability of OHPS-MC for cell sheet harvest and transfer efficiency was assessed using primary corneal cells. Corneal cell sheet constructs retrieved by temperature variation was characterized by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for markers specific to differentiated corneal cells (keratin 3 and keratin 12) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and assessed for viability using fluorescein diacetate staining, tissue architecture by scanning electron microscopy, and cell-cell contacts by connexin-43 staining. The retrieved cell sheets retained corneal epithelial characteristics such as keratin 3/12, viability, and tissue architecture with intact cell-cell contacts as in native tissue. The results proved that surface modification and coating with NGMA on OHPS offer a novel biocompatible thermosensitive cell culture substrate for generating cell sheet constructs. In addition, OHPS-M can also serve as an efficient carrier tool for retrieved cell sheet
CORRELATION BETWEEN MATERNAL DYSLIPIDEMIA AND PRETERM DELIVERY IN TERTIARY CARE CENTRE- A CLINICAL STUDY.
Get PDFBackground:
Pregnancy is the physiological process in a woman's reproductive life. Though all pregnancies carry a risk, almost all pregnancies go uneventfully. In normal pregnancy, as the gestation advances, there is a physiological rise in triglycerides and cholesterol. Hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia are markers of preterm labor, as atherosis of uteroplacental spiral arteries can result in preterm labor.
Aims & objectives:
To evaluate the correlation of increased levels of fats in uncomplicated gestation with preterm delivery
Materials & methods:
An observational study was conducted prospectively in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital, Chennai from Jan 2021 to July 2022, which included all Antenatal women between 14 to 32 weeks with no complications and who are planning to deliver in SBMCH.
Results:
Out of 290 Pregnant Women, 90.7% delivered at full term, whereas 9.3% had preterm deliveries. 12% had high serum cholesterol levels & 7.5% of them had hypertriglyceridemia. In this study, women who had preterm deliveries had elevated levels of lipids such as LDL and triglycerides, which is statistically significant.
Conclusion:
Early births are connected with high neonatal and infant mortality. According to statistical analysis of this study, women with intermediate or higher total, LDL, and triglyceride levels were more likely to deliver before 37 weeks of gestation than those with normal lipid profiles. Pregnancy dyslipidemia was also linked to BMI > 25 kg/m2 and advanced age.
Recommendation:
Based on these observations, we could recommend routine lipid profile assessment and management of dyslipidemia during pregnancy and in those planning to conceive, especially in relatively older women and those with obesity
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processing
No full textStatement of Retraction: Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processingWe, the journal office and Publisher of Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM), have retracted the following article:Sundaram, R., Nachimuthu, R., Sivanandam, A. K., & Natarajan, J. (2024). Electrochemical and hot corrosion behaviour of steel reinforced with AlSiBeTiV high entropy alloy using friction stir processing. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/14686996.2024.2320083Following publication, the publisher was contacted by a third party with concerns about the integrity of the data, specifically:1. Apparent similarities between Figure 3a in the above article and the image in Figure 2d of:Singh, A., Akhil, U.V., Kishan, S.N., Anoosa Sree, R., Radhika, N., & Rajeshkumar, L (2024). Synthesis of a novel AlBeSiTiV light weight HEA coating on SS316 using atmospheric plasma spray process. Heliyon, 10(16). https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e359992. The XRD spectra plotted in Figure 15 appear to have the same background noise.When contacted by the journal for an explanation, the authors were unable to address the concerns raised. As a result of these concerns, the STAM office no longer has confidence in the validity of the findings in the article, and therefore we are retracting the article from the journal. The corresponding author listed in this publication has been informed. The author does not agree with the retraction.We have been informed in our decision-making by our editorial policies and the COPE guidelines.The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as ‘Retracted’
A prospective and observational study on complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in correlation with body mass index
Get PDFBackground: The aim of this study is to observe the prevalence of complications of diabetes mellitus (Type 2) among patients and to minimize their occurrence through patient education. The study helps to assess the clinical data of patients with diabetes mellitus (Type 2) along with the analysis of patterns, frequencies and predictive factors of microvascular, macrovascular complications and to educate and minimize the complications of diabetes mellitus among patients.Methods: Prospective and observational study was conducted among the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Sree Diabetes Clinic for a period of 6 months. The patients were interviewed using the patient data collection form which included demographic details, chief complaints and different diagnostic tools to detect type of complications. Both micro and macrovascular complications were evaluated.Results: A total of 150 type 2 diabetic cases were collected. Out of these 38(25.33%) patients were having BMI <25, and 112(74.67%) were having BMI ≥25 (overweight and obese). Out of 150 diabetic cases collected, a total of 131 diabetic complications were found. Out of these, 64(42.6%) were neuropathy, 3(2%) were nephropathy, 20(13.3%) were retinopathy and 17(11.3%) were having cardiovascular complications. Out of 112 patients with BMI ≥25, 60(54%) were found to have diabetic complications and out of 38 patients with BMI <25, 18(47%) were found to have diabetic complications. 90 out of 150 patients had a history of hypertension and 17 out of 150 patients had an abnormal lipid level.Conclusions: In this study, author found that obesity is a major risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications
Acoustic neurinomas during pregnancy: Report of two cases and review of literature
No full textThough infrequent, acoustic neurinomas have been described during pregnancy and represent a therapeutic challenge for excision without producing any problem for the mother and the foetus. First Author experienced two cases of acoustic neurinomas presenting during pregnancy. One patient presented in the terminal stages of the third trimester of pregnancy and underwent caesarean section, followed by retromastoid craniectomy and excision of the rumour. Operative management of the pregnancy and tumour in the same sitting has not been reported in the literature. Second patient who presented during 2nd trimester of pregnancy, was operated on for the tumour and had a successful continuance of pregnancy. Details of the management are discussed and the relevant literature reviewed. In addition to causing aggravation of symptoms, the larger size and increased vascularity of these rumours during pregnancy, makes them more vulnerable to acute bleeding, which in turn may initiate new or exacerbate pre-existing symptoms, as noted in one of the cases presented in this report
A bibliometric analysis and mapping of global research trends in antihypertensive medication adherence (1975–2024)
No full textAbstract Background Hypertension, a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, has increased dramatically over the decades. It can be mitigated with proper medication utilization and lifestyle modifications. Adherence to antihypertensive medication plays a significant role in reducing severe complications and improving the overall quality of life of people living with hypertension. This study was conducted to assess the global research output and trends in antihypertensive medication adherence. Methods The study utilized the Scopus database for bibliometric analysis. The keywords related to antihypertensive medication adherence were searched from the database’s inception to 21st December 2024. The retrieved data were analysed using VOSviewer, Biblioshiny and QGIS 3.30.1. The bibliometric maps and indicators were presented based on publication and funding source, most contributed countries and authors, keyword co-occurrence, and other relevant and important indicators. Results In total, 3497 documents specifically related to antihypertensive medication adherence were utilized and they were identified from 1975 to 2024. The publication’s annual growth rate was identified as 8.65%. The USA (1144, 33%), the UK (269, 8%), and Germany (246, 7%) are the leading contributors to antihypertensives adherence research. Schmieder R.E was found to be the top published author in this domain. The Journal of Hypertension was identified as the most published source, while National Institute of Health (NIH) revealed as the top funding body supporting antihypertensives adherence research. Conclusions Research on antihypertensive medication adherence was largely contributed by developed countries, especially dominated by the USA in most of the indicators. As the contribution from developing countries is limited, LMICs must be prioritized with collaborative research and capacity building to strengthen this adherence research. These efforts gradually help countries to generate context-specific evidence to improve adherence to antihypertensive medications thereby reducing the global burden of hypertension
Reducing Health Risk Factors in Workplaces of Low and Middle-Income Countries
Get PDFObjective: To reduce risk factors in workplace settings in low- and middle-income countries. Design and Sample: Workplace interventions were utilized as part of the Community Interventions for Health program, a nonrandomized, controlled study undertaken in three communities in China, India, and Mexico. Exactly, 45 industrial, 82 health and 101 school workplace settings with a target population of 15,726. Two independent cross-sectional surveys of workers were conducted at baseline and follow-up, after 18-24 months of intervention activities. Measures: Culturally appropriate interventions to reduce tobacco use, increase physical activity, and improve dietary intake were delivered in the intervention areas. Results: Exactly, 12,136 adults completed surveys at baseline, and 9,786 at follow-up. In the intervention group, the prevalence of tobacco use reduced significantly in men (-6.0%, p <.001) and the proportion eating five portions of fruit and vegetables daily increased (+6.9%, p <.001) compared with the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups for changes in physical activity or prevalence of overweight. Conclusions: Workplace interventions improved risk factors in China, India, and Mexico
Regulation of ATR activity via the RNA polymerase II associated factors CDC73 and PNUTS-PP1
No full text© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3-related (ATR) kinase is a key factor activated by DNA damage and replication stress. An alternative pathway for ATR activation has been proposed to occur via stalled RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). However, how RNAPII might signal to activate ATR remains unknown. Here, we show that ATR signaling is increased after depletion of the RNAPII phosphatase PNUTS-PP1, which dephosphorylates RNAPII in its carboxy-terminal domain (CTD). High ATR signaling was observed in the absence and presence of ionizing radiation, replication stress and even in G1, but did not correlate with DNA damage or RPA chromatin loading. R-loops were enhanced, but overexpression of EGFP-RNaseH1 only slightly reduced ATR signaling after PNUTS depletion. However, CDC73, which interacted with RNAPII in a phospho-CTD dependent manner, was required for the high ATR signaling, R-loop formation and for activation of the endogenous G2 checkpoint after depletion of PNUTS. In addition, ATR, RNAPII and CDC73 co-immunoprecipitated. Our results suggest a novel pathway involving RNAPII, CDC73 and PNUTS-PP1 in ATR signaling and give new insight into the diverse functions of ATR.Norwegian Cancer Society [3367910]; South-Eastern Norway Health Authorities [2014035, 2013017]; Norwegian Research Council [275918]; EEA Czech-Norwegian Research Programme (Norwegian Financial Mechanism 2009–2014 and the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports [Project Contract no. MSMT-22477/2014 (7F14061)]. Funding for open access charge: Norwegian Research Council.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
