2,242 research outputs found
Letter from Alexander Merchant, Department of State, Division of the American Republics, to DCR-W, November 9, 1943
No full textIn this letter, the author expresses his favorable opinion of Mr. Emmerson's report on the Japanese of Peru. Merchant praises his "extensive use of Japanese-language," and Spanish language materials as well.Collection of notes, articles, correspondence, photographs, and term papers collected by Yukio Mochizuki, a student at CSU Dominguez Hills, while researching Japanese American incarceration and Japanese Peruvian internment during World War II
Debates in AI Symposium: Brian Merchant, What\u27s Work Got to Do With It?
No full textBrian Merchant, a technology journalist and former tech columnist at the LA Times, is widely recognized for his insightful analysis of automation, labor and technology’s environmental impact. Merchant is author of the bestselling The One Device (Little, Brown and Company, 2017) and most recently Blood in the Machine: The Origins of the Rebellion Against Big Tech (Little, Brown and Company, 2023). This new book explores the Luddites’ misunderstood uprising and the modern implications of tech deployment. In addition to writing for prominent publications, Merchant founded Terraform, VICE’s speculative fiction site. He shares updates and discussions on technology’s societal impact through his newsletter, offering a critical perspective on who technology serves and its broader consequences
The Cantelowe Accounts - Multilingual merchant records from Tuscany, 1450-1451
No full textThe Cantelowe Accounts appear to offer the earliest evidence of an English merchant using Italian as a second language. They were written by John Balmayn, an unknown Londoner, who travelled to Tuscany to oversee the sale of a valuable wool shipment in 1450-51 on behalf of his master - the Mercer, Sir William Cantelowe. The author uses an intriguing mix of four languages, combining Middle English, Latin and Anglo-French with the administrative Tuscan that he has learnt working alongside Florentine partners, such as the Salviati company. Two other striking features of the text are the extensive use of Arabic numerals, unparalleled in fifteenth-century English accounting, and the unusually detailed descriptions of merchant marks that were used to identify the woolsacks. Overall, the accounts are unique amongst multilingual medieval sources and will interest economic historians and historical linguists alike
Northwind Merchant Company
No full text11 p.The author describes his experience developing a small internet retail business selling printer cartidges.Northwind Merchant Company. Morrison, Colorado
The Implied Warranty of Habitability and the Non-Merchant Landlord
No full textThis article examines the issue of whether the implied warranty of habitability should be imposed on non-merchant landlords. The author explores the rationales which supported the creation of the warranty, examines the content of the warranty and discusses the reasons for the requirement of merchant status in product liability law. Finally, the author concludes that the policies of the implied warranty of habitability would most readily be served by its application to non-merchant landlords in a contract context and in a tort context predicated upon a negligence standard
Merchant internalization revisited
No full textAbstractMerchant internalization has been proposed as a key reason for biases in the setting of fees in payment card platforms. It has been shown to hold under several specific models of imperfect competition. This paper unifies and extends the existing payment card literature by showing that merchant internalization holds under a very general model of competition
American Conflicts Scholarship and the New Law Merchant
No full textProfessor Juenger argues that both the unilateralist and the multilateralist schools of thought share a fixation on the idea that law must emanate from the power of a sovereign state. The author points out that such a view of law is a historic; that, in the past, merchants relied on a substantive body of supranational rules that transcended national borders. This Article discusses the contemporary significance of the law merchant for law professors, law students, and practitioners.
The author explains how the practices of contemporary transnational commercial enterprises, as well as the opinions of contemporary scholars , support the idea that there is a substantive body of law, a new law merchant, that does not derive from sovereign states. The prevalence of arbitration as a means of dispute resolution buttresses this view, as do business customs and private codifications.
The author suggests that conflicts professors are wont to ignore the new law merchant in their teachings, in part because it threatens the very existence of their subject. The fact that private parties can emancipate their transactions from state and national law undermines the foundation on which choice-of-law theories rest. Moreover, the author argues that the new law merchant threatens theoreticians because it offers qualitatively superior solutions to transnational problems. Professor Juenger maintains that making room for the new law merchant in conflicts classes holds forth not only a threat but also a promise: it will benefit students and improve conflicts scholarship
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Impact of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery on 1-year survival and renal outcomes: a national multicentre cohort study
No full textBackground The intermediate-term impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after major gastrointestinal and liver surgery has not been well characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the 1-year mortality rate and renal outcomes associated with postoperative AKI in a national prospective cohort. Methods This prospective multicentre, observational cohort with 1-year postoperative follow-up included adults undergoing major gastrointestinal and liver surgery across the UK and Ireland between 23 September and 18 November 2015. AKI was defined according to Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. The primary outcome was death at 1-year after surgery, and the secondary outcome was Major Adverse Kidney Events (MAKE-365). Cox proportionate and multilevel logistic regression were used to account for case mix. Results Of 5745 patients across 173 centres, 1-year follow-up data was completed for 3504 patients (62.2 per cent, 126 centres), with attrition largely explained by centre non-participation (63.1 per cent). Some 13.6 per cent (475 of 3504) patients developed AKI by 7 days after surgery (stage 1: 9.2 per cent; stage 2/3: 4.3 per cent). At 1 year, 10.8 per cent (378 patients) experienced a MAKE-365 endpoint (303 patients had died, 61 had renal replacement therapy and 78 had renal dysfunction). Patients who experienced AKI by 7 days after surgery had a higher hazard of death at 1 year for KDIGO stage 1 (hazard ratio 1.50 (95 per cent c.i. 1.08 to 2.08), P = 0.016) and KDIGO stage 2/3 (hazard ratio 2.96 (95 per cent c.i. 2.02 to 4.33), P < 0.001). Both KDIGO stage 1 (odds ratio 2.09 (95 per cent c.i. 1.50 to 2.92), P < 0.001) and stage 2/3 (odds ratio 9.26 (95 per cent c.i. 6.31 to 13.59), P < 0.001) AKI were independently associated with MAKE-365. Conclusion AKI events within 7 days after gastrointestinal or liver surgery are associated with significantly worse survival and renal outcomes at 1 year.
Acute kidney injury, even stage 1 acute kidney injury, within 7 days after gastrointestinal or liver surgery is associated with significantly worse survival and renal outcomes at 1 year
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Commentary on "Patient-derived Organoid Pharmacotyping is a Clinically Tractable Strategy for Precision Medicine in Pancreatic Cancer"
No full textAbstract A67: Microbial polyamines and early detection of pancreatic cancer
No full textAbstract The lack of tools for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is directly correlated to the abysmal survival rate in patients. In addition to several potential detection tools under active investigation, we present the gut microbiome and its metabolic complement as one of the earliest detection tools that could be useful in patients at high risk for PDAC. A combination of 16s pyrosequencing and whole-genome sequencing of gut microbiota in a spontaneous genetically engineered PDAC murine model (KRASG12DTP53R172HPdxCre or KPC) showed a progressive Proteobacterial and Firmicutes dominance in gut microbiota in early stages of PDAC development. Upon in silico reconstruction of active metabolic pathways within the altered microbial flora, polyamine and nucleotide biosynthetic pathways were found to be significantly elevated. These metabolic products are known to be actively assimilated by the host and eventually utilized by rapidly dividing cells for proliferation, validating their importance in the context of tumorigenesis. In KPC mice, as well as PDAC patients, we show significantly elevated serum polyamine concentration. Therefore, at the early stages of tumorigenesis, the gut microbial composition changes in a way to promote inflammation and release metabolites that foster host tumorigenesis, thereby fulfilling the “vicious cycle hypothesis” of the role of the microbiome in health and disease states. Our results provide a potential, precise, noninvasive tool for early detection of PDAC, which will result in improved outcomes. Citation Format: Roberto Mendez, Kousik Kesh, Nivedita Arora, Leá Di Martino, Florencia McAllister, Nipun Merchant, Sulagna Banerjee, Santanu Banerjee. Microbial polyamines and early detection of pancreatic cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy; 2018 Nov 27-30; Miami Beach, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2020;8(4 Suppl):Abstract nr A67
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