475 research outputs found
Clinical Visual Caries Detection
No full textThe reliable and reproducible detection of dental caries by clinical examination has been recognized as a problem for decades with very variable approaches being taken to recognize and stage lesions along the continuum of caries – from very small initial lesions, just visible to the human eye, through more established white- and brown-spot lesions, to shadowing beneath the enamel and different extents of cavitation. Clinical caries lesion detection implies some objective method of determining whether or not disease is present, and many systems have been developed to improve the objectivity of examiners. The existence of a large number of different systems, using different definitions of caries detection thresholds, lesion staging and examination conditions has led to problems in comparing between studies and communicating across different dental domains. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) has been developed from the best elements of previously published systems and is based upon the most robust evidence currently available to address the incompatibility of the systems currently used across the full breadth of cariology. The inherently visual ICDAS lesion detection codes are outlined for use with primary coronal caries, caries adjacent to restorations and sealants and for root surface caries. The ICDAS detection codes for primary coronal caries have been demonstrated to have the capability to record both enamel and dentinal caries in a reliable, valid and reproducible manner in both permanent and deciduous teeth and are being adopted increasingly in the domains of research, epidemiology, clinical practice and education
Report of Conference to mark the 30th anniversary of the Dental Health Services Research Unit (DHSRU) at Dundee.
No full textOver the years, several members of the staff of the Dental Health Services Research Unit (DHSRU) at Dundee have published papers in Primary Dental Care. Furthermore, its Director, Professor Nigel Pitts, together with Drs Jan Clarkson and Gail Topping have co-edited a number of the Faculty of General Dental Practice (UK)'s standards manuals and contributed to others. It had been suggested to the Unit by several parties that, having been in funded existence for some 30 years, it would be appropriate to mark this anniversary with a conference to explore 'Dental Health Services Research: After 30 years, what was the impact, what have we learned and where are we going?' So, following a range of consultations, the conference was convened at the West Park Conference Centre in Dundee with a mixed audience representing both dental research and dental practice
A historical review of the Carrie Steele-Pitts home, incorporated in Fulton county, Georgia, 1979
Get PDFThis study is a historical review of the Carrie Steele-Pitts Home, Inc., a foster care facility. The Carrie Steele-Pitts Home has been in existence since 1886. Its main purpose was and still is to care for neglected boys and girls. The purpose of this study demonstrates the fact that the Black community has played a very important role in the development of young people through the service of foster care
Developing and evaluating interventions to reduce inappropriate prescribing by general practitioners of antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections: a randomised controlled trial to compare paper-based and web-based modelling experiments
Get PDFBackground Much implementation research is focused on full-scale trials with little evidence of preceding modelling work. The Medical Research Council Framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions has argued for more and better theoretical and exploratory work prior to a trial as a means of improving intervention development. Intervention modelling experiments (IMEs) are a way of exploring and refining an intervention before moving to a full-scale trial. They do this by delivering key elements of the intervention in a simulation that approximates clinical practice by, for example, presenting general practitioners (GPs) with a clinical scenario about making a treatment decision. Methods The current proposal will run a full, web-based IME involving 250 GPs that will advance the methodology of IMEs by directly comparing results with an earlier paper-based IME. Moreover, the web-based IME will evaluate an intervention that can be put into a full-scale trial that aims to reduce antibiotic prescribing for upper respiratory tract infections in primary care. The study will also include a trial of email versus postal invitations to participate. Discussion More effective behaviour change interventions are needed and this study will develop one such intervention and a system to model and test future interventions. This system will be applicable to any situation in the National Health Service where behaviour needs to be modified, including interventions aimed directly at the public. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials NCT01206738
From 'ICDAS' to 'cariescare international': the 20-year journey building international consensus to take caries evidence into clinical practice
No full textEste documento traza el viaje de colaboración de 20 años realizado por equipos internacionales de investigadores, educadores y profesionales de la odontología. Tras el desarrollo inicial del Sistema Internacional de Evaluación y Detección de Caries (ICDAS) en 2002, el Sistema Internacional de Clasificación y Manejo de Caries (ICCMS) se desarrolló en colaboración entre 2010-2017 con varias organizaciones de investigación y práctica dental, e influenciado por la mejor evidencia juzgada a través de Metodología SIGN, el Tratado de Minamata del PNUMA (y la eliminación progresiva de las amalgamas dentales vinculadas), tres laboratorios de políticas dentales y un movimiento internacional en odontología operativa para avanzar hacia la odontología mínimamente invasiva. La Federación Dental Mundial de la FDI publicitó y abogó por el ICCMS en 2019, cuando se publicó la Guía de consenso 'CariesCare International' y el sistema de manejo de caries 4D para ayudar a poner en práctica el ICCMS. Este sistema, que está diseñado para ayudar a los médicos a brindar una atención óptima de la caries a los pacientes, ahora se está adaptando internacionalmente para su uso pospandémico en el estudio 'Caries OUT'. También se está utilizando como un vehículo para implementar la actualización Brindar una mejor guía de salud oral sobre la caries, como parte del marco de atención médica oral de intervención mínima en el Reino Unido.This paper charts the 20-year collaborative journey made by international teams of dental researchers, educators and practitioners. Following the initial development of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) in 2002, the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) was collaboratively developed between 2010-2017 with several dental research and practice organisations, and influenced by best evidence judged via SIGN methodology, the UNEP Minamata Treaty (and linked phasing down of dental amalgam), three Dental Policy Labs and an international movement in operative dentistry to move towards minimally invasive dentistry. The FDI World Dental Federation publicised and advocated the ICCMS in 2019, when the 'CariesCare International' Consensus Guide and 4D caries management system was published to aid the delivery of ICCMS into practice. This system, which is designed to help practitioners deliver optimal caries care for patients, is now being adapted internationally for post-pandemic use in the 'Caries OUT' study. It is also being used as a vehicle for implementing the updated Delivering better oral health guidance on caries, as part of the minimum intervention oral healthcare delivery framework in the UK
Putting web analytics to use creating a data driven website
Get PDFThis chapter examines a data-driven library website redesign and suggests informed best practices for pragmatically managing a redesign project.Citation: Pitts, J., & Coleman, T. L. (2013). The right tools for the job: Using analytics to
drive design. In T. Farney & N. McHale (Eds.). Web analytics strategies for information
professionals: A LITA guide (pp.131-145). Chicago : ALA TechSource
Leonard Pitts Jr., Columnist and Author, to Share Insights at Bombeck Writers\u27 Conference
Get PDFNews release announces that Leonard Pitts Jr. will travel to Dayton to take part in the Erma Bombeck Writers\u27 Workshop
Odontophotopsis hammetti Pitts, NEW SPECIES
No full text<i>Odontophotopsis hammetti</i> Pitts, NEW SPECIES <p> <b>Diagnosis of male.</b> This species can be recognized by the hind coxae with longitudinal hirsute carinae along their inner margin, and also having the mandible (Fig. 32) tridentate apically, weakly excised ventrally with the angle of excision obtusely angulate, the dorsal carina complete terminating at moderate tooth, and the apex vertical. Also, this species has a flattened to slightly concave mesosternum similar to other species of <i>Odontophotopsis</i>, but lacks the associated mesosternal processes and has dense plumose setal fringes on the metasoma (Fig. 33).</p> <p> <b>Description of male.</b> <i>Coloration</i> (Figs 32, 33). Body testaceous; flagellum and legs stramineous. Body clothed with dense, erect, brachyplumose, yellowish-white setae. T1 with sparse plumose fringe at distal margin. T2 and S2 with dense fringe of whitish plumose setae. T3–5 and S3–5 each with sparser, but conspicuous fringes of whitish plumose setae.</p> <p> <i>Head.</i> Head rounded to slightly quadrate posteriorly. Mandible (Fig. 32) tridentate, weakly excised beneath, excision obtuse, ventral tooth angulate; dorsal carina complete terminating at moderate tooth; apex vertical; mandible dilated ventrally beyond excision; mandible slightly curving ventrally towards apex. Clypeus depressed below margin of mandible, median area concave; surface of clypeus polished, impunctate, with few erect setae; apex truncate, not bidentate. F1 approximately 0.75X length of F2. Ocelli moderate in size, ocellocular distance approximately 1.25X greatest width of lateral ocellus. Head weakly sculptured with punctures slightly wider than setal bases; interstitial regions glabrous.</p> <p> <i>Mesosoma</i>. Sides and dorsum of pronotum coarsely punctate, dorsum with moderate, shallow punctures, sides with somewhat larger, contiguous punctures. Mesonotum with moderate, contiguous, shallow punctures. Notaulus obsolete on anterior 0.3 of mesonotum. Scutellum coarsely, confluently punctate. Axillae not projecting posteriorly. Dorsum and posterior face of propodeum conspicuously, shallow reticulate, reticulations extending on to sides of propodeum, either remaining reticulate laterally or becoming coarse, punctate-reticulate. Anterolateral area of mesopleuron with moderate, shallow, separated punctures; remainder of mesopleuron with deeper, contiguous to confluent punctures; interstitial areas micropunctate. Metapleuron polished. Mesosternal processes absent, but mesosternum flattened, impunctate; area narrow anteriorly just at midline, widening to mid coxal width posteriorly. Mid coxa edentate. Hind coxa with distinct hirsute carina running longitudinally along inner margin. Metasternum bidentate. Mid femur not swollen. Marginal cell on costa short, 1.25–1.5X length of stigma.</p> <p> <i>Metasoma</i>. First metasomal segment broad, nodose. Pygidium elongate and ovate, polished to weakly granulate along posterior margin, not strongly margined; S2 with felt line tuft-like, 0.2X length of tergal felt line. Hypopygium elongate and ovate. Genitalia (Fig. 64) with paramere acicular; cuspis elongate, approximately 0.5X free length of paramere, and cylindrical in lateral view, with moderate basal pit.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Unknown.</p> <p> <i>Length.</i> 11–13 mm.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype: <b>California</b>, <i>Riverside Co</i>., Deep Canyon, 11.Nov.1963, coll. E. Schlinger (UCRC). Paratypes: <b>California</b>, <i>Riverside Co</i>., Deep Canyon: 1 male, 25. Sep.1969, 1 male, 26.Sep– 6. Oct.1969, 1 male, 9. Oct.1963, 2 males, 11.Nov.1963 (UCRC, EMUS).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Currently known only from Deep Canyon, but will presumably be found throughout at least the western Sonoran Desert.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> Named after Samuel Dashiell Hammett (1894–1961), who was a well-known American author of hardboiled detective novels and short stories, and creator of the famous protagonist, Sam Spade.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Although this species lacks mesosternal processes, it clearly belongs in <i>Odontophotopsis</i> due the characteristic genitalia and overall appearance of the species (i.e., density of plumose setae, weakly punctate head, etc.). Furthermore, the species has the mesosternum broadly, but weakly concave and impunctate similar to other <i>Odontophotopsis</i> having mesosternal processes, but unlike <i>Sphaeropthalma</i>, which have the mesosternum punctate and convex on either side of the midline. The species belongs in the <i>O. parva</i> species-group, based on mandibular morphology and the bidentate metasternum. This is the only species in this species-group that lacks a densely granulate pygidium. However, recent phylogenetic analyses of <i>Odontophotopsis</i> (Pitts <i>et al.</i> 2010) suggest this species-group is paraphyletic with respect to the <i>O. tapajos</i> species-group. Some of these species lack developed mesosternal processes and all lack a granulate pygidium.</p>Published as part of <i>Pitts, James P., Wilson, Joseph S., Williams, Kevin A. & Boehme, Nicole F., 2010, Nocturnal velvet ant males (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Deep Canyon, California including four new species and a fifth new species from Owens Lake Valley, California, pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2553</i> on page 9, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/196847">10.5281/zenodo.196847</a>
Futures of Populism and Economics
No full textIn this edition of the Futures of Work podcast, Harry Pitts is joined by Barry Eichengreen, Professor of Economics and Political Science at Berkeley, University of California, and author of The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Action in the Modern Era. This episode was recorded live at the Bristol Festival of Ideas
Futures of Populism and Economics
No full textIn this edition of the Futures of Work podcast, Harry Pitts is joined by Barry Eichengreen, Professor of Economics and Political Science at Berkeley, University of California, and author of The Populist Temptation: Economic Grievance and Political Action in the Modern Era. This episode was recorded live at the Bristol Festival of Ideas
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