1,721,040 research outputs found
Transcranial magnetic stimulation and peristimulus frequencygram
No full textAbstract not availableGabrielle Todd, Nigel C. Rogasch, Kemal S. Türke
MAGIC: An open-source MATLAB toolbox for external control of transcranial magnetic stimulation devices
No full textAbstract not availableForough Habibollahi Saatlou, Nigel C. Rogasch, Nicolas A. McNair, Mana Biabani, Steven D. Pillen, Tom R.Marshall, Til O.Bergman
Regulating consumer use of transcranial direct current stimulation devices
No full textAbstract not availableAnne-Maree Farrell, Adrian Carter, Nigel C Rogasch, Paul B Fitzgeral
Demonstration of short-term plasticity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with theta burst stimulation: a TMS-EEG study
No full textAbstract not availableSung Wook Chung, Benjamin P. Lewis, Nigel C. Rogasch, Takashi Saeki, Richard H. Thomson, Kate E. Hoy, Neil W. Bailey, Paul B. Fitzgeral
Investigating TMS–EEG indices of long-interval intracortical inhibition at different interstimulus intervals
Get PDFAvailable online 8 August 2016Abstract not availableGeorge M. Opie, Nigel C. Rogasch, Mitchell R. Goldsworthy, Michael C. Ridding, John G. Semmle
Effects of prefrontal bipolar and high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on cortical reactivity and working memory in healthy adults
No full textTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a well-recognised neuromodulatory technology which has been shown to induce short-lasting changes in motor-cortical excitability. The recent and rapid expansion of tDCS into the cognitive domain, however, necessitates deeper mechanistic understanding of its neurophysiological effects over non-motor brain regions. The present study utilised transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) to probe the immediate and longer-term effects of both a bipolar (BP-tDCS) and more focal 4×1 High-Definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) montage applied over the left DLPFC on TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) and oscillations in 19 healthy adult participants. 2-back working memory (WM) performance was also assessed as a marker of cognitive function. Region of interest (ROI) analyses taken from the F1 electrode directly adjacent to the stimulation site revealed increased P60 TEP amplitudes at this location 5min following BP-tDCS and 30min following HD-tDCS. Further global cluster based analyses of all scalp electrodes revealed widespread neuromodulatory changes following HD-tDCS, but not BP-tDCS, both five and 30min after stimulation, with reductions also detected in both beta and gamma oscillatory power over parieto-occipital channels 30min after stimulation. No significant changes in WM performance were observed following either HD-tDCS or BP-tDCS. This study highlights the capacity for single-session prefrontal anodal tDCS montages to modulate neurophysiological processes, as assessed with TMS-EEG.Aron T. Hill, Nigel C. Rogasch, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Kate E. Ho
Voluntary movement and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over human motor cortex
No full textRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can induce short-term reorganization of human motor cortex. Here, we investigated the effect of rTMS during relaxation and weak voluntary muscle contraction on motor cortex excitability and hand function. Subjects (n = 60) participated in one of four studies. Single transcranial magnetic stimuli were delivered over the motor area of the first dorsal interosseus for measurement of motor evoked potential (MEP) size before and after real or sham rTMS delivered at an intensity of 80% of active motor threshold.
rTMS involved trains of stimuli applied at 6 Hz for 5 s and repeated every 30 s for 10 min. Resting MEP size was suppressed for 15 min after rTMS during relaxation. However, MEP suppression was abolished when additional brief voluntary contractions were performed before and after rTMS (study 1). Resting MEP size was suppressed for 30 min after rTMS during weak voluntary contraction. MEP suppression was present even though voluntary contractions were performed before and after rTMS (study 2). The MEP suppression most likely reflects a decrease in motor cortical excitability.
Surprisingly, rTMS during voluntary contraction did not alter maximal finger tapping speed or performance on a grooved pegboard test, object grip and lift task (study 3), and visuomotor tracking task (study 4). These studies document the complex relationship between voluntary movement and rTMS-induced plasticity in motor cortex. This work has implications for the optimization of rTMS parameters for improved efficacy and potential therapeutic applications.Gabrielle Todd, Nigel C. Rogasch, Stanley C. Flavel, and Michael C. Riddin
Hemispheric differences in use-dependent corticomotor plasticity in young and old adults
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine corticomotor excitability and plasticity following repetitive thumb abduction training in left and right hands of young and old adults. Electromyographic recordings were obtained from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle of 12 young (aged 18–27 years) and 14 old (aged 63–75 years) adults. Motor training consisted of 300 ballistic abductions of the thumb to maximize peak abduction acceleration, with each hand tested in a separate session. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the primary motor cortex (M1) was used to assess changes in contralateral APB motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) before and after training. For young and old adults, APB MEP amplitude increased for both hands after training, which is indicative of use-dependent plasticity. However, the increase in MEP amplitude was 21% (P = 0.04) greater in the left (non-dominant) hand compared with the right (dominant) hand. This occurred despite a 40% greater improvement in peak thumb abduction acceleration (motor learning) for the right hand in young subjects compared with the left hand in young subjects (P < 0.04) and the right hand in old subjects (P < 0.01). Furthermore, no difference in use-dependent plasticity was observed between young and old adults, and SICI remained unchanged following ballistic training for both hands in all subjects. These findings suggest that there is greater strengthening of corticomotor circuits for control of the left compared with the right hand during simple ballistic thumb training and that an age-related decline in motor learning was observed only in the dominant hand. In contrast to previous studies, these data also indicate that young and old adults can demonstrate similar use-dependent corticomotor plasticity during this simple thumb-training task.John Cirillo, Nigel C. Rogasch and John G. Semmle
Effects of single versus dual-site High-Definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on cortical reactivity and working memory performance in healthy subjects
No full textBackground: Previous research has typically focussed on the neuromodulatory effects of direct currents applied over single regions of the cortex. However, complex processes such as working memory (WM) strongly rely on activations across a wider neural network and therefore might benefit from stimulation administered over multiple cortical targets. Objective: We examined the neurobiological and cognitive effects of High-Definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) montages that either targeted the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) alone, or simultaneously stimulated the DLPFC and parietal cortex (DLPFC + PC). Methods: In a within-subjects design, 16 healthy participants completed three experimental sessions in which they received HD-tDCS over either the DLPFC, the DLPFC + PC or sham stimulation. Changes in cortical reactivity were examined using transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG), while oscillatory power was measured via EEG recorded during n-back tasks. WM performance was also examined across several separate tasks. Results: Stimulation using both the DLPFC or DLPFC + PC montages modulated cortical reactivity, as indexed by potentiation of the P60 TMS-evoked potential. However, only the dual-site DLPFC + PC stimulation produced a reduction in the amplitude of the N100 component, relative to baseline. Increases in theta and gamma power were also observed following this montage, when compared to baseline, but were not present following HD-tDCS over the DLPFC alone. Despite these neurophysiological changes, WM performance was not significantly modulated by HD-tDCS, regardless of stimulation montage. Conclusion: These results provide important initial insight into the behavioural and biological effects of stimulation over key cortical regions linked to WM and attest to the sensitivity of TMS-EEG and EEG in detecting subtle neurophysiological changes induced by HD-tDCS.Aron T. Hill, Nigel C. Rogasch, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Kate E. Ho
Cortical inhibition assessed using paired-pulse TMS-EEG is increased in older adults
No full textBackground: Alterations in inhibitory processes mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptors may contribute to age-related functional impairments. However, investigation of these circuits using conventional paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at long interstimulus intervals (∼100-200ms) have produced conflicting results in older adults, possibly due to the indirect nature of the TMS motor evoked potential (MEP). Objective: To utilise electroencephalography and TMS coregistration (TMS-EEG) to more directly assess age-related changes in GABAB-mediated long-interval intracortical inhibition (LICI). Methods: In 17 young (24.2 ± 1.1 years) and 17 older (71.4 ± 1.4 years) subjects, the TMS-evoked potential (TEP) was used to assess the global scalp response to single-pulse TMS and LICI applied at two interstimulus intervals of 100 ms (LICI₁₀₀) and 150 ms (LICI₁₅₀). Results: For single-pulse stimulation, P30 amplitude was unaffected by age. Despite this, N45 amplitude was increased in older adults and both N100 and P180 showed altered spatial distributions. Furthermore, the latency of P30 was shorter, while the latency of P180 was longer, in the elderly. In addition, inhibition of the N100 and P180 was increased in older adults following both LICI₁₀₀ and LICI₁₅₀. Conclusions: These findings with TMS-EEG suggest that the ageing process is associated with a potentiation of GABAergic inhibition, particularly for the GABAB-receptor subtype.George M. Opie, Simranjit K. Sidhu, Nigel C. Rogasch, Michael C. Ridding, John G. Semmle
- …
