1,672 research outputs found
Coping with traumatic memories: second world war veterans' experiences of social support in relation to the narrative coherence of war memories
No full textThis paper reports a qualitative study that used narrative analysis to explore how social support helps many armed-services veterans cope with traumatic memories.The analysis was carried out on two levels, that of narrative form (level of narrative coherence), argued to be indicative of reconciliation, and narrative content(themes of social support), which allowed exploration of the types of social support experienced by veterans with coherent, reconciled and incoherent narratives.Ten British male Second World War veterans were interviewed regarding their war experiences, presence of traumatic memories, and experiences of social support from comrades, family and society. Different patterns of support were qualitatively related to coherent, reconciled and incoherent narratives. Veteranswith coherent narratives were no less likely to have experienced traumatic events than those with reconciled or incoherent narratives, but they reported more positiveperceptions of their war experience and of the war’s outcomes, more positive experiences of communication with family in later life, and more positive perceptionsof societal opinion. The results are discussed in relation to how veteranscan be supported by family and friends to reconcile their traumatic memories, thus to lessen the burden in later life when vital support resources may be unavailable
DEVELOPMENTAL TRAIT EVOLUTION IN TRILOBITES
No full textWe performed a tree-based analysis of trilobite postembryonic development in a sample of 60 species for which quantitative data
on segmentation and growth increments between putative successive instars are available, and that spans much of the temporal,
phylogenetic, and habitat range of the group. Three developmental traits were investigated: the developmental mode of trunk
segmentation, the average per-molt growth rate, and the conformity to a constant per-molt growth rate (Dyar’s rule), for which
an original metric was devised. Growth rates are within the normal range with respect to other arthropods and show overall
conformity to Dyar’s rule. Randomization tests indicate statistically significant phylogenetic signal for growth in early juveniles
but not in later stages. Among five evolutionary models fit via maximum likelihood, one in which growth rates vary independently
among species, analogous to Brownian motion on a star phylogeny, is the best supported in all ontogenetic stages, although a
model with a single, stationary peak to which growth rates are attracted also garners nontrivial support. These results are not
consistent with unbounded, Brownian-motion-like evolutionary dynamics, but instead suggest the influence of an adaptive zone.
Our results suggest that developmental traits in trilobites were relatively labile during evolutionary history
Mechanics of inhomogeneous turbulence and interfacial layers
No full textThe mechanics of inhomogeneous turbulence in and adjacent to interfacial layers bounding turbulent and non-turbulent regions are analysed. Different mechanisms are identified according to the straining by the turbulent eddies in relation to the strength of the mean shear adjacent to, or across, the interfacial layer. How the turbulence is initiated and the topology of the region of turbulence are also significant factors. Specifically the cases of a layer of turbulence bounded on one, or two, sides by a uniform and/or shearing flow, and a circular region of a rotating turbulent vortex are considered and discussed.
The entrainment processes at fluctuating interfaces occur both at the outer edges of turbulent shear layers, with and without free-stream turbulence (e.g. jets, wakes and boundary layers), at internal boundaries such as those at the outside of the non-turbulent core of swirling flows (e.g. the ‘eye-wall’ of a hurricane) or at the top of the viscous sublayer and roughness elements in turbulent boundary layers. Conditionally sampled data enables these concepts to be tested. These concepts lead to physically based estimates for critical modelling parameters such as eddy viscosity near interfaces, entrainment rates, maximum velocity and displacement heights
The Canadian harp seal hunt: observations on the effectiveness of procedures to avoid poor animal welfare outcomes
No full textThe Canadian harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) hunt has, for several decades, raised public concerns related to animal welfare. The field conditions under which this hunt is carried out do not lend themselves easily to detailed observations and analyses of its killing practices. This article reports observations carried out over several seasons that aimed at obtaining more specific information about the conditions under which seals are killed, in order to assess potential welfare issues and explore avenues for possible improvements in its practice. A standardised three-step process for killing seals (ie stunning, checking by palpation of the skull, and bleeding) was recently implemented to maximise the proportion of animals that are killed rapidly with minimum pain. Based on field observations, the rifle and the hakapik, when used properly, appeared to be efficient tools for stunning and/or killing young harp seals. All carcases of seals observed to be killed with a rifle, either on the ice or in the water, could be recovered. However, shooting seals in water rather than on ice carried a higher risk of poor welfare outcome because of the limited opportunities to shoot the animals again if not stunned with the first shot. Based on current practices, there is no reliable evidence that the Canadian harp seal hunt differs from other forms of exploitation of wildlife resources from the perspective of animal welfare. Although opportunistic field observations may be less amenable to generalisation than structured studies, we believe that they reflect the reality of the hunt and provide valuable information to direct the evolution of its practice.P.-Y. Daoust and C. Carague
Frazier Hunt Mixes Breakfast And Business
No full textPhotograph used for a story in the Oklahoma Times newspaper. Caption: "Frazier Hunt radio commentator and author, third from left, had business with his breakfast Monday on his arrival in Oklahoma City for a luncheon address and a tour of war plants.
Investigating scientific, social and other influences on the 2017 British Columbia grizzly bear hunt ban
No full textBritish Columbia has the largest grizzly bear population in Canada. In 2017, B.C. banned the hunt of grizzly bears citing a lack of societal support, despite government-cited science that the hunt was sustainably managed. I explored the factors that influenced popular perceptions of grizzly bears, the hunt, how these factors may have influenced the province’s decision to implement the ban, and its reception by various actors. Methods included: examining key claims in government documents preceding the ban; surveying media coverage of the ban; and interviewing experts (n = 30) about their role in, and opinion of the ban. Results indicated that public perception of the hunt, and its framing as a trophy hunt outweighed scientific evidence of hunt sustainability. However, controversy over the representativeness of the “public opinion”, and comprehensiveness of government consultation processes remain. I suggest avenues for further research into roles of social values in natural resource policy
Structure of unsteady stably stratified turbulence with mean shear.
No full textThe statistics of unsteady turbulence with uniform stratification N (Brunt–Väisälä frequency) and shear α(=dU1/dx3) are analysed over the entire time range (00 and \it Ri>0.25 respectively, oscillatory momentum and positive and negative density fluxes develop. Above a critical value of \it Ri\scriptsize\it crit(∼0.3), their average values are persistently countergradient. This structural change in the turbulence is the primary mechanism whereby stable stratification reduces the fluxes and the production of variances. It is quite universal and differs from the energy and stability mechanisms of Richardson (1926) and Taylor (1931). The long-time asymptotics of the energy ratio ER(=\it PE/VKE) of the potential energy to the vertical kinetic energy generally decreases with \it Ri(≥0.25), reaching the smallest value of 3/2 when there is no shear (\it Ri→∞). For strong mean shear (\it Ri<0.25), RDT significantly overestimates ER since (as in unstratified shear flow) it underestimates the vertical kinetic energy VKE. The RDT results show that the asymptotic values of the energy ratio ER and the normalized vertical density flux are independent of the initial value of ER, in agreement with DNS. This independence of the initial condition occurs because the ratios of the contributions from the initial values PE0 and KE0 are the same for PE and VKE and can be explained by the linear processes. Stable stratification generates buoyancy oscillations in the direction of the energy propagation of the internal gravity wave and suppresses the generation of turbulence by mean shear. Because the shear distorts the wavenumber fluctuations, the low-wavenumber spectrum of the vertical kinetic energy has the general form E33(k)∝(αtk)−1, where (LXαt)−1≪k≪L−1X (LX: integral scale). The viscous decay is controlled by the shear, so that the components of larger streamwise wavenumber k1 decay faster. Then, combined with the spectrum distortion by the shear, the energy and the flux are increasingly dominated by the small-k1 components as time elapses. They oscillate at the buoyancy period π/N because even in a shear flow the components as k1→0 are weakly affected by the shear. The effects of stratification N and shear α at small scales are to reduce both VKE and PE. Even for the same \it Ri, larger N and α reduce the high-wavenumber components of VKE and PE. This supports the applicability of the linear assumption for large N and α. At large scales, the stratification and shear effects oppose each other, i.e. both VKE and PE decrease due to the stratification but they increase due to the shear. We conclude that certain of these unsteady results can be applied directly to estimate the properties of sheared turbulence in a statistically steady state, but others can only be applied qualitatively
Specious Bedfellows: Ethnicity, Animality, and the Intimacy of Slaughter in Moby-Dick
No full text“Specious Bedfellows” argues that Moby-Dick is an exploration of the deeply affective relationships pre-industrial whaling ironically nurtured between whales and whalers through the very intimacy of the hunt. Melville’s portrayal of whaling animates a key trope of sentimentalism in its manifestations in mid-century political economy, research in natural history, and domestic ideology – the feeling animal – in order to reveal the self-serving relations at the heart of the discourse of sympathy. He represents both whales and whalers as affective, emotional subjects deserving of empathy from the emerging middle classes who had veracious appetites for sperm whale oil. His animals reveal the ways in which sentimental feeling, now widely recognized as the ideology of the antebellum middle class, both depended on using animal bodies for their own purposes and was increasingly dependent on the exploitative, unsympathetic labor practices facilitating the accumulation of capital. In Melville’s acerbic critique, sentimental intimacy may take the form of slaughter.Article copyright the author. Journal compilation copyright The Melville Society and Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Peer reviewe
The Disneyland of the Jersey shore: the legacy of William C. Hunt
No full textThis is an extensive look at one of New Jersey’s most memorable amusement parks, Hunt’s Pier. The paper will explore William C. Hunt’s innovative style of new and
changing rides and a large concentration of unique attractions which made his pier a must visit location for families on the Jersey Shore. It is through the examination of his rides and style that it becomes evident that Hunt’s legacy is more than just a collection of fond childhood memories, but a well deserved credit to his creativity, dedication, and innovativeness. The paper also debunks a common belief of Hunt’s copying Disney’s Disneyland, as it proves Hunt took only cues from his personal friend, Disney, and vice versa.M.A.Includes bibliographical referencesby Erin G. Leswin
A study of religious involvement among university students : literal, anti-literal, and mythological religious involvement
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.A sample of 210 university students were clustered into relatively homogenous religious orientations, based on their scores on three scales of religious involvement, delineated by Hunt (1972): Literal, Anti-literal and Mythological. The three groups were compared on the following measures: (i) Background variables; (ii) Thouless (1935): Intensity of Belief Scale; (iii) Rokeach (1960): Dogmatism Scale; (iv) 16 PF by Cattell et al. (1970) and (v) King and Hunt (1972 b): Scales for Basic Religious Dimensions. Hunt's notion that pro-religious subjects of different involvement might differ in terms of personality variables was supported
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