11 research outputs found
Updating of first impressions
No full textThis study investigates what characteristics are central to facial first impressions. We will do so by looking at the centralities of a multi-level partial correlation network. The nodes will represent the separate characteristics that are judged in first impressions, and the edges will represent the partial correlations between these characteristics.
In the second part of the study we want to investigate how the centralities of these characteristics consecutively influence the updating of first impressions based on social information. The idea is that individuals would use social information to update their impressions. We would expect this to be easier for less central characteristics, as this has less consequences for the overall network.
Additionally, we will investigate whether individuals also update their ratings on characteristics if they receive social information on another characteristic. We expect this to depend on the centrality of the trait that requires updating, as well as the correlation with the trait on which they receive social information
Gender effects on VPT performance
No full textThis project re-analyzes previously collected datasets of studies that assessed visuo-spatial perspective-taking (VPT) performance with a new research question in mind.
The VPT task that was used in all of these studies involves participants looking at pictures of a person sitting at a table with two objects in front. One of the two objects is the target during every trial and participants have two response keys to indicate which hand the person in the picture would have to use to grab the target. Their reaction times (RTs) are recorded. The target person appears seated at different locations around the table (at angular disparities of 0/40/80/120/160° clock-wise or counter-clockwise rotation). At angles of 0/40°, this task can be solved egocentrically because the left-right-relations are the same for the person in the picture and the participant sitting in front of the screen. At angular disparities above 40°, however, participants need to engage in VPT to solve the task. A thorough summary of this task can be found in Kessler & Thomson (2010), see references at the end of this registration.
A crucial difference between the study by Kessler and Thomson (2010) and the currently analyzed datasets (references at the end of this registration) is that instead of a computer-generated avatar, actual persons were used as targets for the stimuli. Specifically, a male and a female target were used. In the previous studies, the RT data for this task were always analyzed only looking at egocentric vs. VPT trials.
However, previous research has suggested that VPT might be related to empathic PT (e.g., Erle & Topolinski, 2015; 2017; Erle & Funk, 2021), and other studies have shown that empathic PT creates feelings of similarity to the target (Davis et al., 1996; 2004). What is more debated is the question whether PT is easier or harder for similar (vs. dissimilar) others (for an overview, see van Boven et al., 2013). To address this question for the case of VPT, in the present analysis we will test whether gender, more specifically gender-congruency, affects how quickly participants can solve the VPT task. These analyses were uninformative in the previous studies, as there was usually only a small number of male participants in each individual sample, rendering any gender-effect analysis prone to false-positive results.
Thus, in this project we use gender as a quasi-experimental manipulation of similarity between participant (f/m) and target in the picture (f/m), to test whether women are faster to solve VPT tasks if the target person in the picture is also female, and vice versa for men. We meta-analyze all datasets involving female and male participants reacting to female and male targets in a VPT task that the first author and his collaborators have collected
The comparison of different stress measurements in determining the stress profile of a near-surface low-stress hard-rock mine
No full textMeasuring rock stress is a difficult process, especially in the Stjernøya Nepheline-Syenite mine in Northern Norway. The complex nature and topography of the shallow deposit makes it difficult to conduct industry standard tests. Therefore, this thesis aims at answering how different stress measurement techniques and their results compare to each other in a shallow low-stress hard-rock mine. To do this, an elaborate laboratory work is done to find a relation between stress (UCS) and acoustic properties and velocities of the nepheline syenite. Using that information, a similar combination of tests is done in the field, namely a flat jack test and acoustic velocity measurements with a hammer and geophones. To give further insight in the gathered field-data, visual classification methods, like RMR are done to verify and aid the tests and the results. The laboratory tests gave more insight in the relation between stress and acoustic velocity. There exists a positive, somewhat logarithmic relation between confining pressure and velocity through the sample, until the end of the elastic domain. Depending on the sample, this becomes more apparent after an initial loading phase between 0 and 10-20 MPa. In this low-stress zone, the wave arrival times could not be accurately observed and tend to give very low results. This problem translated to the field. Despite the flat-jack provided an understandable vertical pressure of 9.8 MPa, the acoustic measurements in the field did not always coincide with this pressure, according to the laboratory relationship, generally giving lower velocities than expected. However, a relation between rock quality and wave-velocity could also be present, as the cracks in the heterogeneous rock could heavily influence acoustic velocity. Therefore, this research concludes that both the flat jack and the acoustic investigative methods have their use in understanding the stress-profile of the shallow deposit. Given the low stresses in the mine, the acoustical investigative method could not be used directly to measure stress, but it can be used as a control for the flat jack tests and have use in monitoring of the rock wall.Applied Earth Sciences | European Mining Cours
Spannings- en rekconcentratiefactoren in plaat-buis verbindingen: Deel 1 - Tekst en tabellen + Deel 2 - Figuren en grafieken
No full textDe invloed van de rnodellering, met behulp van de eindige elementenmethode, op het spannings - en rekverloop in de verbinding.Civil Engineering and GeosciencesStructural Engineerin
Spanningsconcentratiefactoren in plaat-buis verbindingen: De invloed van de afmetingen van de verbinding op de spanningsconcentratiefactor
No full textCivil Engineering and GeosciencesStructural Engineerin
Dynamic behaviour of slab track on pile foundation: Analysis method based on dynamic behaviour of a high-speed slab track and settlements in the substructure
No full textIn this master thesis the behaviour of a high speed railway track constructed on top of a pile foundation with settlements under a dynamic load has been analysed. Therefore, a model was developed in the software program DARTS, dynamic analysis of rail track structures. In DARTS the railway track was modelled by stiff and elastic layers, which were loaded by a moving train load. The train was modelled as a mass spring system. The results of DARTS were analysed and validated with field measurements of the HSL. After the validation of the model multiple simulations were performed to analyse the structure for different uncertainties and possible solutions. These simulations showed that the model in DARTS is sensitive for changes of the pile stiffness. The results also show that it is difficult to model permanent displacements in DARTS.Applied Physic
Effect of plate thickness in fatigue of welded joints: Study of literature
No full textCivil Engineering and GeosciencesStructural Engineerin
