571 research outputs found
Lack of semantic parafoveal preview benefit in reading revisited
No full textIn contrast to earlier research, evidence for semantic preview benefit in reading has been reported by Hohenstein and Kliegl (Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40, 166–190, 2013) in an alphabetic writing system; they also implied that prior demonstrations of lack of a semantic preview benefit needed to be reexamined. In the present article, we report a rather direct replication of an experiment reported by Rayner, Balota, and Pollatsek (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986). Using the gaze-contingent boundary paradigm, subjects read sentences that contained a target word (razor), but different preview words were initially presented in the sentence. The preview was identical to the target word (i.e., razor), semantically related to the target word (i.e., blade), semantically unrelated to the target word (i.e., sweet), or a visually similar nonword (i.e., razar). When the reader’s eyes crossed an invisible boundary location just to the left of the target word location, the preview changed to the target word. Like Rayner et al. (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986), we found that fixations on the target word were significantly shorter in the identical condition than in the unrelated condition, which did not differ from the semantically related condition; when an orthographically similar preview had been initially present in the sentence, fixations were shorter than when a semantically unrelated preview had been present. Thus, the present experiment replicates the earlier data reported by Rayner et al. (Canadian Journal of Psychology, 40, 473–483, 1986), indicating evidence for an orthographic preview benefit but a lack of semantic preview benefit in reading English
Rayner Whitely - 02
No full textPhotograph - Rayner Whitley's house being moved three miles east of Colinton, Alberta. The house is on a flatbed pulled by a truc
Contributions to the History of Psychology: LIX. Rosalie Rayner Watson: The Mother of a Behaviorist's Sons
No full text Rosalie Rayner Watson (1899–1936), John Watson's second wife, assisted her husband in the development of applied behavioral psychology. Not only did Rayner Watson co-author the seminal paper on conditioned emotional reactions, she also assisted Watson in preparing the most popular child care book of the time. Curiously, in the only article under her sole authorship, Rayner Watson described behaviorism in the home somewhat negatively. </jats:p
Publishing Tolkien
No full textDuring the last thirty years of the Professor’s life, but especially towards the end, Rayner Unwin met, talked with, and worked for, J.R.R. Tolkien. It was a business relationship between author and publisher, but increasingly it became a trusting friendship as well. In an ideal world authors and publishers should always act in partnership. This certainly happened between Professor Tolkien and George Allen & Unwin, but in some respects, the speaker explains, the collaboration had very unusual features
Academic reflections between Polynesian tattooing and reflective practice
No full textIn Polynesian culture stories which may be generations old are told via tattoo art: the Tahitian word ‘tatu’ or ‘ta-tu’ means to strike something and links directly to the ancient art of tattooing to preserve an ancestral lineage and/or record a particular event or story that has been handed down from generation to generation via the same method (Villequette, 1998). Some scholars such as Gell (1993), and Schrader (2000) and Jones (2000) in Schildkrout (2004), write of tattoos being associated with “subsidiary selves, spirits, ancestors, rulers and victims” that are resident within the tattooed individual, while some write of ethnographic work being inscribed on bodies (Sparkes, 2000, p. 21 and Schildkrout, 2004, p. 322). Auto-ethnographic study (the study of ourselves) is a relatively new field and is often associated with qualitative analysis; as such it has stimulated the author to introduce the term ‘internal’ reflection. I believe that this may describe a ‘personal’ or ‘internal’ reflection that is transmitted to the outside world in the form of a tattoo. Drawing on the work of Sparkes, an auto-ethnography is a narrative of self, although this research offers tattoos as a viable alternative to narrative and suggests that auto-ethnographic tattoos are not only commonplace but that they can also be very real transcripts of the narrative equivalent. Further, this research shows that different cultures reflect in different ways and that the tattoo is a popular and essential method of ethnographic captur
UNNATURAL SELECTION: THE CHALLENGE OF ENGINEERING TOMORROW'S PEOPLE
No full textList of figures and tables -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Pt. I. Introduction -- 1. Introduction / Peter Healey and Steve Rayner -- 2. Radical evolution: an overview of the near future / Joel Garreau -- Pt. II. One world or several? -- 3. Tomorrow's people, today's challenges / Alfred Nordmann -- 4. Personality enhancement and transfer / Bill Bainbridge -- 5. On 'life-enhancing' technologies and the democratic discourse: a South Asian perspective / Shiv Visvanathan -- Pt. III. The nature of human natures -- 6. Beyond human nature / James Hughes -- 7. Are disabled people human? / Rachel Hurst -- 8. Biotechnology and its spiritual opposition / Lee Silver -- Pt. IV. Longer? -- 9. Understanding global ageing / Sarah Harper -- 10. The ageing process: an evolution in our understanding / Tom Kirkwood -- 11. Postponing ageing: re-identifying the experts / Aubrey de Grey -- 12. In pursuit of the longevity dividend / S. Jay Olshansky, Daniel Perry, Richard A. Miller, and Robert A. Butler -- 13. From ageing research to preventive medicine: pathways and obstacles / Richard A. Miller -- Pt. V. Stronger? -- 14. Engineering challenges to regenerative medicine / Z. F. Cui -- 15. Longevity and regeneration / Ellen Heber-Katz -- 16. Augmenting human beings / Kevin Warwick -- Pt. VI. Smarter? -- 17. Brain boosters / Nick Bostrom and Anders Sandberg -- 18. Pharmacological enhancement of cognition / Danielle C. Turner -- 19. The economics of brain emulations / Robin Hanson -- Pt. VII. Happier? -- 20. Happier: a psychopharmacology perspective / David Nutt -- 21. What's your mission in life? Why being happy should not be your priority / Nick Baylis -- Pt. VIII. Fairer? -- 22. Enhancement and fairness / Julian Savulescu -- 23. Towards a fairer distribution of technology in maintaining human health: an example of child immunization in Western China / Zhao Yandong and Ma Ying -- 24. Ableism, enhancement medicine and the techno-poor disabled / Gregor Wolbring -- Pt. IX. Governable? -- 25. Governance of new and emerging science and technology / Arie Rip -- 26. Governing our future selves / Dan Sarewitz -- 27. Global population ageing and the world's future human capital / Wolfgang Lutz -- Pt. X. Postscript -- 28. Choosing our biological future / Peter Schwartz -- References -- Inde
Beyond the Rockton Window: remembering author and painter Helen Haenke, 19 Mar 2017
No full textA talented artist and writer of poetry, plays and prose, Helen Haenke was an influential figure in Ipswich from the 1940s to 1978. The family's historic house Rockton was her creative sanctuary. The panel discussion around the works and life of Helen Haenke was led by UQ Honorary Senior Research Fellow Bronwen Levy, with Helen's daughter Margot Rayner and local Ipswich resident and drama teacher Helen Pullar. Introdcution by Pro-Vice-Chancellor Professor Alan Rix. UQ Press released an anthology of Helen Haenke's work, Helen Haenke at Rockton - A creative life, which was on sale at the event. This event was supported by Ipswich City Council, University of Queensland Library, Ipswich Poetry Feast and University of Queensland Press
Author reply to Hettiarachchi et al. (re Helicobacter pylori resistance in Australia…)
No full textLetter to the EditorJonathon P. Schubert, Paul R. Ingram, Morgyn S. Warner, Christopher K. Rayner, Ian C. Roberts-Thomson, Samuel P. Costello and Robert V. Bryan
Global analysis of night marine air temperature and its uncertainty since 1880: the HadNMAT2 Dataset
No full textAn updated version of the Met Office Hadley Centre’s monthly night marine air temperature dataset is presented. It is available on a 5? latitude-longitude grid from 1880 as anomalies relative to 1961-1990 calendar-monthly climatological average night marine air temperature (NMAT). Adjustments are made for changes in observation height; these depend on estimates of the stability of the near surface atmospheric boundary layer. In previous versions of the dataset, ad hoc adjustments were also made for three periods and regions where poor observational practice was prevalent. These adjustments are re-examined. Estimates of uncertainty are calculated for every grid box and result from: measurement errors; uncertainty in adjustments applied to the observations; uncertainty in the measurement height and under-sampling. The new dataset is a clear improvement over previous versions in terms of coverage because of the recent digitization of historical observations from ships' logbooks. However, the periods prior to about 1890 and around World War 2 remain particularly uncertain and sampling is still sparse in some regions in other periods. A further improvement is the availability of uncertainty estimates for every grid box and every month. Previous versions required adjustments that were dependent on contemporary measurements of sea surface temperature (SST); to avoid these, the new dataset starts in 1880 rather than 1856. Overall agreement with variations of SST is better for the updated dataset than for previous versions, maintaining existing estimates of global warming and increasing confidence in the global record of temperature variability and change
The associates ::four capitalists who created California /
No full textOne hundred and forty years ago, four men rose from their position as middle-class merchants to become robber barons and, in the end, civilization-creating philanthropists. Their names were Collis Huntington, Leland Stanford, Charles Crocker, and Mark Hopkins, and they were known as "The Big Four," or "The Associates." Their moneymaker was the building of the transcontinental railroad, but what stands out in their story is how smarts, rapacity, and sheer luck characterized the dizzy growth of California. Buccaneers of the untrammeled capitalism of the Gilded Age, the four nevertheless left behind a legacy of philanthropy and cultural institutions that has made California the capital of the American West. Having written about confidence artists in earlier books, author Rayner has a knack for detecting the fraudulence that so often lurks behind business success. This is a fresh retelling of a quintessentially American story.--From publisher description
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