172,149 research outputs found
Nguyen, L & Spehar, B. Visual adaptation to natural scene statistics and visual preference. Vision Research - Recalibrating the visual system (Special issue)
No full textStimuli and data from Nguyen & Spehar - Visual adaptation to natural scene statistics and visual preference.
Visual preference was measured using a two alternative forced choice (2AFC) paired comparison procedure. On each trial, two images were presented side by side and the task was to indicate, via keypress, which of the two images was visually preferred. In our experiment visual preference was measured for synthetic noise images with spectral slope alpha of 0.25, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75 and 2.25. Each level of alpha was paired with every other level resulting in a total of 20 unique pairs for one experimental sequence. Within each experimental sequence every alpha level was shown eight times in total; four times as the left image in a pair and four times as the right image in a pair. There were six blocks in total: three baseline blocks and three adaptation blocks. These blocks alternated such that a baseline block always preceded an adaptation block. In other words, the blocks were split into three different baseline-adaptation pairs. The three baseline blocks consisted of trials in which the five alpha levels (0.25, 0.75, 1.25, 1.75 and 2.25) were paired with each other as described above. The two images in any given pair had the same Fourier phase but the Fourier phase varied randomly between different pairs. The three adaptation blocks were the same as the baseline blocks except that each adaptation block was preceded by an adaptation period of 150 seconds to one of the three adapting alpha levels:, alpha = 0.25, 1.25 and 2.25. The order of different adaptation conditions (0.25, 1.25 or 2.25) was randomised across participants. In total, each participant underwent six blocks. For the majority of participants (40/54), each of the three baseline and three adaptation blocks consisted of 40 trials in total (20 unique pairings repeated twice), resulting in 240 trials in total. For the remaining 18 participants, each of the baseline and adaptation blocks contained 20 trials, resulting in 120 experimental trials in total.
The summary data file shows the proportion by which experimental stimuli with each of the five levels of alpha were chosen in each of the three baseline and three adaptation conditions. Data for each participant are shown in separate rows and different baseline and adaptation conditions have been labelled by the adapting level of alpha and also colour coded.
The raw data files for each participants can be found in the Raw_Data folder
Figure 1 from: Nguyen CH, Nguyen LV, Nguyen KS, Egorov AA, Averyanov LV (2021) Hemiboea chanii (Gesneriaceae), a new species from limestone areas of northern Vietnam. PhytoKeys 183: 108-114. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.183.69180
No full textFigure 1 Hemiboea chanii C.H.Nguyen & Aver., sp. nov. A plants in natural habitat B leaf blade, abaxial surface C flowering branch D flower, frontal view E–G flower, side and half side views H stamens and staminodes I involucre J flower inside and outside views K ripening capsule, cross section L-M pistil and ripening capsule, side view N calyx segments. Photos by Nguyen Van Ly, correction and design by C.H. Nguyen
Solar adoption and the decisive role of the feed-in tariff policy
No full textAvailable online 20 April 2023Abstract not availableLuan Thanh Nguyen, Shyama Ratnasiri, Liam Wagner, Dan The Nguyen, Nicholas Rohd
Tran, L. T., Nguyen, L & Green, W. (2017). Enhancing the experience and outcomes of international higher degree research candidates: Reciprocal Intercultural Supervision.
No full textTran, L. T., Nguyen, L & Green, W. (2017). Enhancing the experience and outcomes of international higher degree research candidates: Reciprocal Intercultural Supervision.</p
Tran, L. T., Nguyen, L & Green, W. (2017). Enhancing the experience and outcomes of international higher degree research candidates: Reciprocal Intercultural Supervision.
No full textTran, L. T., Nguyen, L & Green, W. (2017). Enhancing the experience and outcomes of international higher degree research candidates: Reciprocal Intercultural Supervision
Vietnamosasa darlacensis Nguyen 1990
No full textVietnamosasa darlacensis Nguyen (1990: 221). Type:— VIETNAM. Đắk Nông: Yok Don, 12°52’49”N, 107°48’01”E, 200 m elevation, 30 May 2012, My Hanh DIEP 285 (neotype here designated: P02280067!; isoneotypes P02280069!, P02280068!, P02280066!, P02280065!, P02280064!, P02280063!; K!, KUN!, MO!, SING!, RUPP!, VNM!). Note:— The missing holotype citation is as follows: Vietnam. Darlac Province [actual Đắk L ắk + Đắk Nông provinces]: silva montana, 600-1500 m elevation, 4 September 1973, Nguyen Vu Can s.n. (HNF [actual VNF, lost]). Original diagnosis: “Affinitas. A specie proxima V. ciliata (A.Camus) Nguyen paleis apice rotundatis differ.” The original specimen cannot be located in the herbaria where it may have been transferred for original study by Mrs. Nguyen (LE & HNF). We cannot exclude the possibility that the type is destroyed. No original reference specimen exists and no illustration of the taxon has ever been published. In order to ensure accurate application of the name, we decided to designate a neotype based on a new collection of the only taxon matching the protologue that was growing in the type locality. The scans of the specimen, as well as pictures of the plant taken in the field will be made available on Paris SONNERAT herbarium database (http:// coldb.mnhn.fr).Published as part of HAEVERMANS, Thomas, NGUYEN, Bich Loan, GURGAND, Jacques, HAEVERMANS, Agathe, DRANSFIELD, Soejatmi & DIEP, My Hanh, 2013, Clearing up Vietnamosasa (Poaceae, Bambusoideae): typification and nomenclature of a distinctive paleotropical bamboo genus, pp. 57-60 in Phytotaxa 137 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.137.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/508631
Sphenomorphus yersini Nguyen & Nguyen & Nguyen & Orlov & Murphy 2018, sp. nov.
No full textSphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. (Figs. 1–4) Holotype. ITBCZ 5685, adult male, collected from Hon Ba NR., Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam; coordinates 12°8’13”N, 108°57’39”E; elevation 1162 m a.s.l. by L.T. Nguyen, V.D.H. Nguyen, and S.N. Nguyen on 16 October 2016 (Fig. 1). Paratypes. Two specimens, also collected from Hon Ba NR by L.T. Nguyen, V.D.H. Nguyen, and S.N. Nguyen: ITBCZ 5686, adult female (Fig. 2C&D), and ITBCZ 5684, adult male (Figs. 2A&B and 3), collected on 14 October 2016, coordinates 12°8’22”N, 108°58’06”E; elevation 932 m a.s.l. Referred specimen. HBA 44 (released, Fig. 4), adult female, collected on 19 October 2016, coordinates 12°8’22”N, 108°58’06”E; elevation 932 m a.s.l. Diagnosis. Sphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. is distinguished from all of its congeners by a combination of the following morphological characters: size in adults (SVL) up to 56 mm; TaL/SVL ratio 1.81; toes reach to fingers when limbs adpressed; 32–34 smooth midbody scale rows; 61–69 paravertebral scales; 58–67 ventral scale rows; 112 subcaudal scales; four, rarely five, supraoculars; prefrontals in broad contact with one another; two loreal scales; tympanum deeply sunk; smooth lamellae beneath Finger IV and Toe IV 10–12 and 18 –20, respectively; two enlarged precloacal scales; hemipenis smooth, deeply forked, asymmetrical with a long lobe and another short; black and interruptive dorsolateral line; lateral side and lower part of head, neck, and tail orange to red in male. Description of holotype. Adult male; head small and elongate (HW/HL = 0.7); SVL 54 mm; tail long (TaL/ SVL = 1.81), 98 mm in length; lower eyelid scaly; tympanum deeply sunk with a prominent oblique edge; limbs pentadactyl, toes reach to fingers when limbs adpressed. Head scalation smooth; rostral convex, distinctly visible from above, in broad contact with frontonasal, which is broader than long; no supranasals; prefrontals in broad contact with one another; 5 supraoculars on left side and 4 on right side; a pair of frontoparietals, shorter than frontal; frontal narrowing posteriorly, longer than wide, bordered laterally by first two supraoculars, anteriorly by prefrontals, and posteriorly by frontoparietals; frontoparietals in contact with the second to fifth supraoculars on left side and the second to fourth supraoculars on right side; parietals in contact posteriorly, behind the interparietal; no nuchal; 7 supralabials on both sides, the fifth and sixth below the eye; 2 loreals, posterior loreal larger than anterior; nostril in center of nasal, which is in contact with the first supralabial, rostral, anterior loreal, and frontonasal; 8 supraciliaries, first largest; 1 anterior temporal, in contact with sixth and seventh supralabials; 2 secondary temporals, lower temporal overlapping upper one and in contact with seventh supralabial, upper temporal larger, in contact with parietal; lower eyelid scaly, 2 scales in center larger than scales in posterior and anterior areas; 6 infralabials, first pair medially in contact with each other; 1 anterior and 2 postmentals. Dorsal scales smooth, not larger than lateral and ventral scales; 34 midbody scale rows; 61 paravertebral scales; ventral scales smooth, in 60 rows; 112 subcaudal scales, slightly enlarged posteriorly; 11 and 20 smooth lamellae beneath finger IV and toe IV, respectively; 2 enlarged precloacal scales. Hemipenes. Each hemipenis deeply forked and asymmetrical with two smooth lobes. In fully everted position, the inner lobe is shorter and the outer lobe is much longer. Clear sulcus spermaticus starts from the base, divides into two branches at the fork and extends to the tips of the two lobes; body of the long lobe forming regular transversal shallow grooves and ending with terminal papillae. Short lobe obtuse, not forming regular transversal shallow grooves (Fig. 1F). Coloration. In life, overall dorsal coloration black (Hex #000000) to dark brown (Hex #654321) with two interrupted copper (Hex # B87333) dorsal lines in margins of dorsum extending from neck to base of tail; black and interrupted lateral lines under the copper ones; dorsum with irregular black spots; lateral side and lower part of head, neck, and tail orange (Hex #FF6600) to red (Hex #FE2712); venter from chest to tail base yellow (Hex #FFD300) to cream (Hex # FFFDD 0); upper side of limbs black with bright dots. Lateral margins of supralabials and infralabials with black blotches. Free margin of upper eyelid orange and the margin of lower eyelid yellow (Hex #FFD300). Eyes black. In preservation, color fades; orange and yellow disappear; overall dorsal coloration black with two interrupted brighter lines in margins of dorsum extending from neck to base of tail; venter zebra white (Hex #F5F5F5). Variation. Table 2 summarizes variation in size and scalation of the holotype, paratypes, and referred specimen. Supraoculars four in all specimens except for the left side of the holotype which bears 5 scales. Midbody scale rows vary from 32 to 34. Paravertebral and ventral scale rows range from 61 to 69 and from 58 to 67, respectively. Hemipenes of the second paratype ITBCZ 5684 (Fig. 3) similar to those of the holotype in being deeply forked and asymmetrical. Natural history. All specimens were collected at night and under rotting leaf layer in evergreen forest (Fig. 5), elevations 932 m and 1162 m a.s.l., between 19:00–23:30. However, the species was observed being active in the daytime and it may be diurnal. Sphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. was observed to be sympatric with other congener, S. indicus. Sexual dimorphism. Males are larger than females (SVL 56 mm vs. 52 mm, n=4) and have orange (Hex #FF6600) or red (Hex #FE2712) color on lateral sides and lower part of head, neck, and tail. The color on the lateral side in females faded to yellow (Hex #FFD300) or brown (Hex #964B00) with bright spots; lower part of head, limbs, and tail white (Hex #FFFFFF) to zebra white (Hex #F5F5F5); venter from neck to vent yellow (Hex #FCE883). Distribution. The new species is currently known only from Hon Ba NR, Khanh Hoa Province, southern Vietnam (Fig. 5). Etymology. We name this new species in honor of the famous physician and bacteriologist, Alexandre Yersin (1863–1943), who discovered the bacterium responsible for bubonic plague. Hon Ba NR associates with the name of Alexandre Yersin who built a research station on the top of the mountain and worked there. Currently, the research station has been reconstructed and opened to visitors. We recommend Yersin’s Forest Skink as the common name of this new species. Comparisons. Sphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. differs from its congeners in Indochina (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, Peninsular Malaysia, and southern China [Yunnan]) as follows: from S. anomalopus (Boulenger) by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 70 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 38) and more lamellae beneath toe IV (18–20 vs. 14); from S. bacboensis by having one (vs. two) anterior temporal, more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 30–32), and more supralabials (7 vs. 6); from S. cameronicus Smith by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 70 mm) and fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 38); from S. cophias Boulenger by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 37 mm), more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 24), more lamellae under fourth toe (18–20 vs. 9) and prefrontals in broad contact (vs. separated); from S. cryptotis by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 58–79 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 36–39) and tympanum deeply sunk (vs. superficial); from S. grandisonae Taylor by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 30 mm), one (vs. two) anterior temporal, more supralabials (7 vs. 6) and lamellae under toe IV (18–20 vs. 12), and adpressed limbs overlapping (vs. failing to touch); from S. helenae Cochran by having more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 30), prefrontals in broad contact (vs. separated), and presence of an interrupted (vs. uninterrupted) lateral stripe; from S. incognitus by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 80–103 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 36–40), and one (vs. two) anterior temporal; from S. indicus by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 90 mm), prefrontals in broad contact (vs. separated), and asymmetrical and deeply forked hemipenis (vs. symmetrical); from S. lineopunctulatus Taylor by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 84 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 38), fewer paravertebral scale rows (61–69 vs. 76), and prefrontals in broad contact (vs. separated); from S. maculatus by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 62 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 38–42), and prefrontals in broad contact (vs. separated); from S. malayanum by having fewer ventral scales (32–34 vs. 74), fewer paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 76–80), more lamellae under fourth toe (18–20 vs. 15), and deeply sunk (vs. shallow) tympanum; from S. mimicus by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 36 mm), more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 30) and more lamellae under fourth toe (18–20 vs. 16); from S. orientale (Shreve) by having more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 24–26) and fewer paravertebral scale rows (61– 69 vs. 69–71); and from S. praesignis (Boulenger) by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 109 mm) and more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 28). Sphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. differs from S. sanctus (Duméril & Bibron) by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 40–45 mm), fewer paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 71), fewer supraoculars (4[5] vs. 5), and fewer lamellae under toe IV (18–20 vs. 26–27); from S. scotophilus (Boulenger) by having more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 28–31), fewer supraoculars (4 vs. 5), and fewer lamellae under fourth toe (18–20 vs. 22–23); from S. senja Grismer & Quah by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 60–65 mm), fewer paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 72–73), fewer ventral scale rows (60–67 vs. 68), one (vs. two) anterior temporal, more lamellae under toe IV (18–20 vs. 13–17) and prefrontals in broad contact with each other (vs. narrow in contact or slightly separated); from S. sheai by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 35 mm), more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 20), more paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 53), more supralabials (7 vs. 6), more lamellae under fourth toe (18–20 vs. 6), and adpressed limbs overlapping (vs. separated); from S. shelfordi (Boulenger 1900) by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 67 mm), fewer lamellae under toe IV (18–20 vs. 28–29) and the absence of nuchals (vs. presence of a single pair of nuchals); from S. stellatus by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 80 mm), more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 24) and absence (vs. presence) of two enlarged, broader than long, vertebral scale rows; from S. sungaicolus Sumarli, Grismer, Wood, Ahmad, Rizal, Ismail, Izam, Ahmad & Linkem by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 67–90 mm), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 39–44), fewer paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 72–81) and fewer ventral scale rows (32–34 vs. 74–86); from S. tarsus (Smith) by having a smaller size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 90–92 mm) and two loreals (vs. three); from S. tetradactylus by having more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 20), absence (vs. presence) of external ear opening, and forelimb with five digits (vs. four digits); from S. tonkinensis by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 mm vs. 36–49 mm), TaL/ SVL ratio 1.80 (vs. 1.32), and one (vs. two) anterior temporal; from S. tridigitus by having a larger size (SVL 50– 56 vs. 35), more midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 20), absence (vs. presence) of external ear opening and forelimb with five digits (vs. three digits); and from S. tritaeniatus by having a larger size (SVL 50–56 vs. 47), fewer midbody scale rows (32–34 vs. 38) and paravertebral scales (61–69 vs. 81), more lamellae under toe IV (18–20 vs. 15) and one anterior temporal (vs. two). Sphenomorphus yersini sp. nov. is similar to S. buenloicus in many aspects (size, midbody scale rows, number of anterior temporals, lamellae under fourth toe, etc.). However, the new species can be distinguished from S. buenloicus by having a relatively longer tail (TaL/SVL ratio 1.8 vs. 1.2), usually more ventral scale rows (58–67 vs. 55–58) and deeply forked hemipenis with two asymmetrical lobes and the outer lobe is much longer than the inner one (vs. hemipenis forked at the middle point of its length with two developing lobes and the outer lobe is slightly longer than the inner one [Figs. 6 & 7]).Published as part of Nguyen, Sang Ngoc, Nguyen, Luan Thanh, Nguyen, Vu Dang Hoang, Orlov, Nikolai L. & Murphy, Robert W., 2018, A new skink of the genus Sphenomorphus Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Scincidae) from Hon Ba Nature Reserve, southern Vietnam, pp. 313-326 in Zootaxa 4438 (2) on pages 315-323, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4438.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/129477
THOMAS ZIEGLER, CUONG THE PHAM, TAN VAN NGUYEN, TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN JIAN WANG, YING-YONG WANG, BRYAN L. STUART & MINH DUC LE (2019) A new species of Opisthotropis from northern Vietnam previously misidentified as the Yellow-spotted Mountain Stream Keelback O. maculosa Stuart & Chuaynkern, 2007 (Squamata: Natricidae). Zootaxa, 4613, 579-586.
No full textZiegler, Thomas, Pham, Cuong The, Nguyen, Tan Van, Nguyen, Truong Quang, Wang, Jian, Wang, Ying-Yong, Stuart, Bryan L., Le, Minh Duc (2021): THOMAS ZIEGLER, CUONG THE PHAM, TAN VAN NGUYEN, TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN JIAN WANG, YING-YONG WANG, BRYAN L. STUART & MINH DUC LE (2019) A new species of Opisthotropis from northern Vietnam previously misidentified as the Yellow-spotted Mountain Stream Keelback O. maculosa Stuart & Chuaynkern, 2007 (Squamata: Natricidae). Zootaxa, 4613, 579-586. Zootaxa 4903 (4): 598-598, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.4.
Systematic Luby Transform Codes and their Soft Decoding
No full textLuby Transform codes (LT) were originally designed for the Binary Erasure Channel (BEC) encountered owing to randomly dropped packets in the statistical multiplexing aided classic wireline-based Internet, where transmitted packets are not affected by the fading or noise of the propagation environment of the wireless Internet. For the sake of transmitting data over the BEC routinely encountered in statistical multiplexing aided wireless Internet - style scenarios, we applied the belief propagation algorithm for decoding LT codes and designed a novel version of LT codes, which we refer to as systematic LT codes. When using soft decoding of the proposed systematic LT code, the decoding process becomes capable of preventing the potentially avalanche-like inter-packet error propagation. For example, the systematic LT(1000,3000) code achieved a BER below 10?5 at Eb/N0 = 3.5dB after six decoding iterations. An even lower Eb/N0 of 2.7dB was required, when using a longer systematic LT(10000,30000) code for transmission over the AWGN channel. In the combined BEC-AWGN channel the BER recorded at the output of the systematic LT(1000,3000) code was about 10?5 at Eb/N0 = 4.5dB, when encounter an erasure probability of Pe = 0.1
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