3,935 research outputs found
Detergency in Liquid CO2
No full textIn this dissertation we study Detergency in liquid Carbon Dioxide. Detergency is the cleaning performance of additives, surfactants in particular, in washing fluids. Liquid CO2 is under consideration, for environmental and toxicological reasons, to replace perchloro-ethylene as the solvent in textile dry cleaning technology. Inherent problems of such a transition were confronted with the methodology of chemical engineering design. The Basic Cycle of Design (BCD) approach was used as a pathway for designing a detergent. The BCD also establishes the structural framework of the thesis, which can, therefore, be read as records from a successful product engineering project, in which an effective detergent has been designed for a new dry cleaning solvent. The Dynamic Detergency Model (DDM), which succeeds to explain the role of surfactants in the washing operation, is used as a rational starting point for the design of a detergent in liquid CO2. According to this model, such a surfactant must be: sparingly soluble in the solvent, surface-active and able to form micelles in the solution. The different experiments carried out (solubility, interfacial-tension and dye solubilisation measurements), show that a number of molecules of the homologous polyoxyethylene/alkane series, generally described by the shorthand formula CiEj did indeed behave as surfactants and can be then considered detergents for liquid CO2. In the technical evaluation of the detergents, at laboratory as well as at semi-pilot scale, high washing performances were obtained. They are, indeed, as good for dry cleaning textiles as the present perchloro-ethylene (Perc) technology.Applied Science
'Her Irish Heritage' : Annie M.P Smithson and autobiography
No full textThis paper examines some aspects of the work of Annie M.P. Smithson, the author of 21 romance novels between 1917 and 1946. Her attitudes towards women, religion and politics are explored, and the importance of autobiography in her fiction discussed.Cet article analyse divers aspects de l'oeuvre d'Annie M.P. Smithson, l'auteur de vingt et un romans 'romanesques' publiés entre 1917 et 1946. Il étudie son attitude concernant les femmes, la religion, la politique, ainsi que le rôle de l'autobiographie dans sa fiction.Walsh Oonagh. 'Her Irish Heritage' : Annie M.P Smithson and autobiography. In: Études irlandaises, n°23-1, 1998. pp. 27-42
Polistes (Polistella) communalis Nguyen, Vu & Carpenter 2017, new species
No full textPolistes (Polistella) communalis Nguyen, Vu & Carpenter, new species (Figs. 13–21) Material examined. HOLOTYPE: female, pinned (deposited in the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi). Original label: “ VIETNAM, Son La, Phu Yen, Gia Phu, Vo Nguyen Giap forest, 21°13′07.9″N, 104°32′39.7″E, 350 m, Nest# VN-SL-2015-P-02, 18-VI-2015, D.D. Nguyen ”. PARATYPES (IEBR): VIETNAM: Dak Lak: 1 female, Station 9, Ea So natural reserve, Ea So, Ea Kar, 12°59′15″N, 108°40′18″E, ca 350 m, 15 April 2015, coll. L. T.P Nguyen, D.D Nguyen & M.P. Nguyen; Nghe An: 1 female, Pu Mat NP, Con Cuong, 27 July 2004, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; Son La: 5 females, 6 males, same data as holotype; Vo Nguyen Giap forest, Gia Phu, Phu Yen, 21°13′07.9″N, 104°32′39.7″E, 350 m (1 female, 18 June 2015, coll. D.D. Nguyen; 1 female, 17 June 2015, coll. D. T. Nguyen); Tuyen Quang: 10 females, Bac Vang ranger station, Na Hang national reserve, Na Hang, 22°29′43″N, 105°25′26.8″E, ca 150 m, 10 June 2015, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen, D.D. Nguyen & L.X. Truong; 1 female, Na Hang NR, Son Phu ranger station, 22°20′52.6″N, 105°25′49″E, ca 120 m, Nest #VN-TQ-2015-P-02, 10 June 2015, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen, D.D. Nguyen & L.X. Truong; (VNMN): Tuyen Quang: 5 females (VNMN _E 000.000.130, VNMN _E 000.000.131, VNMN _E 000.000132, VNMN _E 000.000133, VNMN _E 000.000.134). Bac Vang ranger station, Na Hang national reserve, Na Hang, 22°29′43″N, 105°25′26.8″E, ca 150 m, 10 June 2015, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen, D.D. Nguyen & L.X. Truong. Other material examined. VIETNAM (IEBR): Bac Giang: Thanh Son, Son Dong, 1 female, 7 July 2010, coll. D.D. Tran; 1 female, 300m, 1 July 2010, coll. H.P. Pham; 1 female, Khe Vang, An Lac, Son Dong, 21°18′N, 106°56′E, 4 June 2014, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen, D.D. Nguyen & D.D. Tran; Ha Giang: 1 female, Tung Ba, Vi Xuyen, 24 June 2013, coll. T. T. Van; Ha Noi: 7 females, 4 males, Ba Vi NP, Van Hoa, Ba Vi, 3 June 2001, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; 1 female, Khoang Xanh, Yen Hoa, 100 m, 1 June 2001, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; Hai Phong: Cat Ba NP, Cat Hai, 1 female, 15–18 July 2003, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; Hoa Binh: 1 female, 2 males, Lac Village, Chieng Chau, Mai Chau, 600 m, 10 June 2008, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen; P.H. Pham; Da Phuc, Yen Thuy (1 female, 4 May 2002, coll. T. V. Hoang; 3 females, 16 July 2000, coll. L.X. Truong; 1 female, Malaise trap, 1–10 June 2002); Ninh Binh: Cuc Phuong NP (1 female, 1 May 2002; 1 female, 9-V-2002), coll. T. V. Hoang; Lang Son: 1 female, Dinh Lap, Nong Truong, 16 May 2013, coll. D.D. Tran; Lao Cai: 1 female, Ban Xeo, Bat Xat, 23 June 2008; coll. L. T.P. Nguyen & P.H. Pham; Thai Nguyen: 1 female, Phuc Xuyen, Dai Tu, 23 April 2012, coll. L.D. Khuat; 1 female, Xom O, Yen Lac, Phu Luong, 2 June 2014, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen & T. T. Van; Thanh Hoa: Xuan Lien NR, Hon Can, Van Xuan, Thuong Xuan, ca. 110m, 19°52′27.5″N, 105°14′20.8″E, 23 August 2012, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; 6 females, Xuan Hoa, Nhu Xuan, light trap, 29 May 2008; 1 female, Lung Cao, Ba Thuoc, 500 m, 12 June 2003, coll. L. T.P. Nguyen; Vinh Phuc: 1 female, Me Linh, Vinh Yen (3 female, 22 August 2000, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen; 1 female, 10 June 2014, coll. D.D. Nguyen); 1 female, Tam Dao NP, <50 m, 21 August 2005, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen & J. Kojima, Phu Tho: 6 females, Ha Hoa, 19 May 2016, coll. T. T. Vu. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Gena in lateral view slightly wider than eye; length of lateral margin of clypeus lying along inner eye margin 0.7 times as long as diameter of antennal socket and the length of the malar space; flagellomere I 3 times as long as its maximum width; body with coarse punctures and extensive brown marks; wings light yellow except dark spots at apical margins of fore wings. Female. Body length 10.1–12.7 mm (holotype: 12.3 mm); fore wing length 9.8–12.4 mm (holotype: 12.1 mm). Structure as in Polistes brunus, new species, but differing as follows: POD: OOD = about 1: 1.5; POD about 2 times Od. Gena in lateral view slightly wider than eye (Fig. 15). Inner eye margins in frontal view slightly further apart from each other at vertex than at clypeus. Clypeus in frontal view slightly wider than high (Fig. 13), length of lateral margin of clypeus lying along inner eye margin 0.7 times as long as diameter of antennal socket and the length of malar space. Antenna: flagellomere I 3 times as long as its maximum width. Body punctures slightly coarser than in P. brunus, especially punctures on frons and mesoscutum much coarser than those on frons and mesoscutum of P. brunus. Dorsal metapleuron with longer and wider striae than in P. brunus. Colour. Black; following parts yellow: apical margin of clypeus, a faint narrow band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to end of eye emargination; two short and narrow bands at basal margin of metanotum; two longitudinal narrow strips on posterior face of propodeum; valvula; apical band of tergum I (extending laterally toward its base); thin longitudinal stripe on hind coxae; following parts brown to dark brown: head including antenna beneath, pronotum, two large spots on mesepisternum, two oblique bands on mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, two faint marks on tergum I, a band at apical margin of terga V–VI, stripe on outer side of all tibiae and femora and all tarsi. Male. Body length 10.7 mm– 11.5 mm; fore wing length 10.5 mm– 11.3 mm. Similar to female, but differing as follows: head about 1.2 times as wide as high in frontal view (Fig. 17); eye strongly swollen laterally; inner eye margins 1.3 times as far from each other at vertex as at clypeus; gena in lateral view about half as wide as eye; clypeus (Fig. 17) in frontal view slightly wider than high, only slightly produced ventrally, evenly and slightly convex apically, in lateral view weakly convex in dorsal part. Antenna (Fig. 17) more slender than in female; scape about 2.7 times as long as its maximum width; flagellomere I longer than length of flagellomeres II and III combined; flagellomeres II–X longer than wide; terminal flagellomere elongate, slightly curved, about 2.2 times as long as its basal width. Metasomal sternum VII depressed medially, without tubercle. Body surface sculpture as in female, but clypeus with scattered medium punctures, densely covered with short silver hairs together with long golden bristles, and with a faint longitudinal ridge medially. Colour and marking pattern similar to females, but more extensively marked with black as follows: apical and basal margins of clypeus, frons, gena except a narrow brown band along eye margin, mandible, mesoscutum entirely, metanotum except two short and narrowed yellow bands at basal margin, tergum I entirely. Male genitalia. Lamina volsellaris desclerotised and fused with cuspis. Digitus in inner aspect of paramere (Fig. 18) about 3.1 times as long as wide (measured at widest part), distinctly swollen near base, gradually narrowed apically to mid-length, then slightly swollen towards the rounded apex. Aedeagus (Figs. 19, 20): penis valves about 0.6 times as long as basal apodeme, in ventral view narrowest near mid-length, weakly swollen proximally from mid-length then distinctly produced laterally near proximal margin, in lateral view slightly thickened in proximal one fourth and with dorsal margin weakly sinuate, with proximoventral corner produced into obtuse angle (Fig. 20); ventral margins of penis valves finely serrate along entire length. Nest. Nest#VN-SL-2015-P-02 (Fig. 21) was collected together with six females and six males. The nest was attached to a tree of the genus Boehmeria (family Urticaceae), at about 1.5 m above the ground, and has 119 cells, with six pupae, without eggs. The structural and morphological characters are as follows: Comb “paper”-like in texture, made mainly of long, fine plant fibers and wasp adult oral secretion, more or less uniformly brownish-grey in cell walls, suboval (about 55 × 40 mm) when viewed from side of cell opening, expanded excentrically from the single terminal petiole, with surface corresponding to cell bottom weakly convex; Petiole single, terminal, attached to the border between bottoms of the first three cells, 4.3 mm long and 1.1 mm × 1.9 mm thick at the mid-length, with thin central core of plant fibers, enlarged strictly with adult oral secretion, blackish brown and lustrous, secretion coat widely expanded on comb back around the petiole and on substrate in thin film; Cells generally arranged in regular rows, hexagonal at open end when surrounded by other cells, with free margins rounded, each cell weakly expanded towards open end, 4.5 mm (range 4.1 mm– 5.9 mm; n=10) wide at open end, 3.5 mm (range 2.6−4.2 mm; n=10) wide at bottom and 15.6 mm (range 14 mm– 17.3 mm; n=10) deep in cells containing pupae or having produced adult, cell wall about 0.2 mm thick; Cocoon cap white, produced beyond rim of cell by 0.5−4.5 mm, slightly domed. Distribution. Known only from localities in Vietnam listed above. Etymology. The specific name, communalis, is a Latin adjective, referring to the commonality of the species in Vietnam.Published as part of Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Vu, Thuong Thi, Lee, John, X. Q. & Carpenter, James M., 2017, Taxonomic notes on the Polistes stigma group (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Polistinae) from continental Southeast Asia, with descriptions of three new species and a key to species, pp. 269-279 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65 on pages 274-276, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.450287
Il ruolo della linguistica in un'iniziativa di internazionalizzazione
No full textThe author deals with the role of linguistic sciences and language teaching in the internationalization project of an e-learning Specialization Course
The influence of steady blowing and roughness on transitional separated boundary layers
No full textThis paper presents the results of a study between two types of forcing, namely steady blowing and a tripwire, on the control of laminar separated boundary layers. The analysis focuses on the differences in the transition process between these two types of forcing. This effect will be studied using direct numerical simulation. The main differences consists in the coherent structures formed during transition and the overall kinetic energy growth
Gusmani grecista
No full textThe author deals with the Roberto Gusmani's works about Ancient Greek language
Polistes (Polistella) brunus Nguyen & Vu & Carpenter 2017, new species
No full textPolistes (Polistella) brunus Nguyen & Carpenter, new species (Figs. 7–12) Material examined. HOLOTYPE: 1 female, pinned (deposited in the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi). Original label: “ VIETNAM, Dak Lak, Ea Kar, Ea So, Ea So NP station 5, 12°55′24.3″N, 108°33′04″E, 95 m, Nest# VN-TN-2015-P-02, 15.IV.2015, L. T.P Nguyen, D.D Nguyen & M.P. Nguyen ”. PARATYPES: VIETNAM (IEBR): Dak Lak : 7 females, 1 queen, same data as holotype; 4 females, Station 5, Ea So natural reserve, Ea So, Ea Kar, 12°55′24.3″N, 108°33′04″E, 95 m, Nest # VN- TN-2015-P-03, 13 April 2015, coll. L. T. P Nguyen, D. D Nguyen & M.P. Nguyen; 3 females, Yok Don NP station, Buon Don, 12°52′19.1″N, 107°48′25.9″E, ca 190 m, 9 June 2013, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen; 2 females, Buon Don, 28 April 2008, coll. H. T. Ngo; Gia Lai : 2 females, Ia Pal, Chu Se, 13°39′46.2″N, 108°08′04″E, ca 370 m, 25 July 2012, coll. L. T. P. Nguyen; Quang Tri: (1 female, A Ngo, Dak Rong, 150–200 m, 31 May 2006; 1 female, Ta Rut, Dak Rong, 300 m, 2 May 2006) Insect Systematic Department collectors. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: Gena in lateral view about 0.8 times as wide as eye; length of lateral margin of clypeus lying along inner eye margin slightly shorter than diameter of antennal socket and about as long as the length of malar space; flagellomere I 2.8 times as long as its maximum width; body coarsely punctate, mainly brown. Female. Body length 10.1–13.7 mm (holotype: 11.9 mm); fore wing length 9.2–13.4 mm (holotype: 11.3 mm). Head in frontal view about 1.1 times as wide as high (Fig. 7); in dorsal view weakly swollen laterally behind eyes, then narrowed posteriorly, with posterior margin shallowly and broadly emarginate. Vertex slightly raised in area within ocelli, slightly declivous behind posterior ocelli towards occipital carina; with two small foveae just behind posterior ocelli (Fig. 8); POD: OOD = about 1: 1.5; POD about 2.1 times Od (Fig. 8). Gena, in lateral view about 0.8 times as wide as eye (Fig. 10); occipital carina fine, evanescent on ventral third of gena. Inner eye margins weakly convergent ventrally, in frontal view about as far apart from each other at clypeus as at vertex. Antennal sockets closer to inner eye margin than to each other; the distance from anterior tentorial pit to antennal socket as far as to inner eye margin; interantennal space weakly raised. Clypeus in frontal view slightly wider than high, produced ventrally into blunt angle (Fig. 7); in lateral view strongly swollen anteriorly; length of lateral margin of clypeus lying along inner eye margin slightly shorter than diameter of antennal socket and about as long as the length of malar space. Antenna: scape 2.8 times as long as its maximum width; flagellomere I 2.8 times as long as its maximum width, about 1.3 times as long as the length of flagellomeres II and III combined; flagellomere II and III longer than wide; flagellomere IV–IX wider than long, terminal flagellomere bullet-shaped, about 1.2 times as long as its basal width. Pronotal carina sharply raised, produced dorsally into thin lamella in dorsal part, slightly sinuate backward on lateral side, nearly reaching ventral corner of pronotum. Mesoscutum strongly convex, as long as wide between tegulae; anterior margin broadly rounded. Scutellum convex, slightly concave medially. Metanotum weakly convex, with strongly depressed anterior margin. Propodeum short (Fig. 9); posterior face widely (about half the maximum width of propodeum) and shallowly excavated medially, more or less smoothly passing into lateral faces; propodeal orifice elongate, about 1.8 times as long as wide (measured at widest part), somewhat narrowed in dorsal half. Wings hyaline, jugal lobe of hind wing large and pointed. Metasomal tergum I short, about 0.9 times as long as its apical width, in lateral view abruptly swollen dorsally just behind basal slit for reception of propodeal suspensory ligament; corner between anterior and dorsal faces rounded. Sternum II in lateral view swollen ventrally in smoothly curved line to apical margin. Clypeus with scattered large punctures, each bearing sharply pointed golden bristle; tomentum on clypeus covering approximately dorsal half of clypeus. Mandible with scattered medium deep punctures. Frons covered with shallow punctures. Vertex and gena with sparse small and shallow punctures; area around ocelli almost smooth, with several shallow punctures close to median ocellus; ventral third of gena with scattered coarse punctures. Pronotum with dense, coarse flat-bottomed punctures (Fig. 10). Mesoscutum with dense, medium, shallow punctures. Punctures on scutellum denser and coarser than those on mesoscutum. Punctures on metanotum sparser and shallower than those on scutellum. Mesepisternum with dense, coarse, well-defined punctures in posterodorsal part (punctures in dorsal margin similar to those on pronotum), scattered punctures in anteroventral part; border between posterodorsal and anteroventral parts indistinct. Dorsal metapleuron with several short and weak striae; ventral metapleuron with sparse shallow punctures. Propodeum with strong transverse striae (Fig. 9), striae weaker laterally. Metasomal segments with minute punctures in addition to scattered small punctures (stronger and larger on sterna); sternum V−VI covered with long hairs. Colour. Dark brown; following parts yellow to orange-yellow: apical margin of clypeus, spot at base of mandible, band along inner eye margin extending from bottom of frons to middle of eye emargination; valvula; apical band of tergum I extending laterally toward its base, a medial band on tergum IV; thin longitudinal stripe on hind coxae; middle and hind tarsi; following parts black: propodeum posteriorly, abdomen except yellow parts, all legs except tarsi. Male. Unknown. Nest. Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-02 (Fig. 12) was collected together with eight females. The nest was attached to a woody crossbeam of a house, at about 2 m above the ground, and has 56 cells, with four pupae. Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-03 was collected with five adult female wasps. The nest was attached to a ceiling of a store, about 1.3 m above the ground, and has 58 cells, with six pupae. The structural and morphological characters are as follows: Comb tough, pliable “paper”-like in texture, more or less uniformly gray in cell wall, subcircular (about 23 × 20 mm for Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-02 and about 26 × 23 mm for Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-03) in view from side of cell opening, expanded concentrically from the single petiole, with surface corresponding to cell bottom slightly convex. The two nests have the single petiole central; in Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-02 it is 3.2 mm long and 1.0 × 0.9 mm thick, and in Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-03 it is 4.8 mm long and 1.3 × 0.9 mm thick at the mid-length of petiole, with a thin central core of plant fibers, enlarged strictly with adult oral secretion, dark brown and lustrous, secretion coat expanded on comb back around the petiole and on substrate in a thin film about 2 × 2.5 mm. Cells are generally arranged in regular rows, hexagonal at open end when surrounded by other cells, with free margins rounded; for Nest#VN-TN- 2015-P-02 each cell expanded towards open end, 4.7 mm (range 4.2–5.7 mm; n=10) wide at open end, 11.7 (range 10–13.3 mm; n=10) mm deep in full grown cells, cell wall about 0.08 mm thick, for Nest#VN-TN-2015-P-03 each cell expanded towards open end, 4.5 mm (range 4.0– 5.6 mm; n=10) wide at open end, 14.5 mm (range 10.8–16 mm; n=10) deep in full grown cells, cell wall about 0.09 mm thick. Cocoon caps white, produced beyond rim of cell by 1–4 mm, slightly domed. Distribution. Known only from localities in Vietnam listed above. Etymology. The specific name, brunus, is a Latin adjective, referring to the brown body colour.Published as part of Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Vu, Thuong Thi, Lee, John, X. Q. & Carpenter, James M., 2017, Taxonomic notes on the Polistes stigma group (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Polistinae) from continental Southeast Asia, with descriptions of three new species and a key to species, pp. 269-279 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65 on pages 272-274, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.450287
Skin-Friction Measurements on Mathematically Generated Roughness in a Turbulent Channel Flow
No full textEngineering systems are affected by surface roughness, however, predicting frictional drag has proven to be challenging. The present work takes a systematic approach by generating and manufacturing surfaces roughness where surface statistics, such as rms, skewness and power-spectral density can be controlled. The frictional drag on these surfaces is measured in a turbulent channel flow facility
Development of high-resolution ex vivo single-photon and positron emission tomography
No full textMolecular imaging aims for the visualisation, characterisation, and quantification of biological processes in humans and other living systems at the molecular and cellular level. For today’s patient care, molecular imaging allows for (early) detection and characterisation of disease, efficient planning and assessment of treatments, and contributes to improved patient care in ten-thousand clinics across the globe. In clinical molecular imaging, planar scintigraphy, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) are among the most commonly used modalities. This thesis focuses on preclinical SPECT and PET, which are applied to image small animals such as mice and rats in basic and translational research.RST/Biomedical Imagin
El defensor del vínculo en las causas de nulidad matrimonial tras el m.p. Mitis Iudex
No full textCapítulos en librosLa autora estudia el rol del defensor del vínculo tras la reforma de los procesos canónicos de nulidad matrimonial introducida por el motu propio Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesus, del papa FranciscoThe author studies the role of the Defender of the Bond after the reform of the Canonical process for the declaration of the nullity of marriage, made by the m.p. of Pope Francis, Mitis Iudex Dominus Iesusinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
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