242 research outputs found
Supplemental material - Supplemental material for Minimally Invasive Thoracoscopic Mitral Valve Replacement in Rheumatic Disease with Continuous Suture Technique
No full textSupplemental material, Supplemental material for Minimally Invasive Thoracoscopic Mitral Valve Replacement in Rheumatic Disease with Continuous Suture Technique by Pham Quoc Dat, Duong Duc Hung, Duong Thi Hoan, Nguyen Huu Uoc and Alexander P. Nissen in Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery</p
FIGURE 1. Aristolochia thotteaeformis T.V in Aristolochia thotteaeformis, a distinct new species from southern Vietnam
No full textFIGURE 1. Aristolochia thotteaeformis T.V.Do & Luu sp.nov. A. Young branches; B. Cymose inflorescence in axillary and perianth straight in pre-anthesis; C. Lateral view of opened flower showing a distinct stipe (indicated by an arrow); D. Longitudinal section showing inner surface of perianth; E. Frontal view of opened flower; F. Close up of a 6-lobed gynostemium; G. Shape of capsule; H. Abaxial surface of seed showing densely circular warts. Drawn by Quyet Huu Nguyen & Truong Van Do.Published as part of Luu, Hong Truong, Nguyen, Tran Quoc Trung, Nguyen, Quoc Dat, Nguyen, Thanh Trung, Nguyen, Thanh Trung & Do, Truong Van, 2022, Aristolochia thotteaeformis, a distinct new species from southern Vietnam, pp. 167-176 in Phytotaxa 547 (2) on page 170, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/657144
Heritage and climate change: urban and architectural perspective for “floodscape” in quang tri province
No full textIl Vietnam è tra i cinque paesi principalmente interessati dal cambiamento climatico.
Secondo il report EM-DAT (the Emergency Events Database), si deve a disastri naturali un
danno pari a $2.600 billion nell'ultimo ventennio (1994-2013). Alle sole alluvioni si imputa
il 47% dei suddetti danni a scapito di una popolazione di 2.3 billion, la maggior parte della
quale asiatica, il 95%. In Vietnam, sono stati circa 649 gli eventi calamitosi tra il 2005 e il
2014: alluvioni, inondazioni, grandinate, tempeste, cicloni e frane. Il danno totale è stimato
approssimativamente all'1.5% GDP all'anno. 160 alluvioni e inondazioni si sono susseguite
causando il 58% dei danni totali.
In futuro il cambiamento climatico causerà l'aumento delle temperature della superficie
terrestre, il regime di caduta delle pioggie con la crescita di eventi meteorologici estremi,
con l'aumnto del livello del mare, il rischio di alluvioni e i relativi impatti sulla popolazione
e sui territori.
Parallelamente a ciò il patrimonio culturale materiale e immateriale frutto di un lungo
processo di sviluppo umano, rappresenta i valori culturali e storici del paese ma non è
sufficientemente resiliente per adattarsi alle conseguenze del cambiamento climatico, che
ogni anno colpiscono il patrimonio.
Le conseguenze di ciò si sono sovrapposte, danneggiando e distruggendo parzialmente e, in
taluni casi totalmente, il patrimonio.
Affrontare questo quadro ambientale e climatico senza soluzioni di adattamento, porterà
alla perdita di detto patrimonio e sebbene il Vietnam non sia soggetto a terremoti o eruzioni
vulcaniche, esso è ampiamente soggetto a disastri dovuti a fattori climatici, quali alluvioni,
tsunami, uragani e siccità.
La presente ricerca studia la relazione tra il cambiamento climatico e il patrimonio,
l'impatto delle alluvioni sui monumenti e intende proporre una carta del rischio per il
sistema del patrimonio di Quang Tri province.
La mappa ha mostrato che l'87,5% dei monumenti si trovano in aree a rischio (189 siti su
216) e il 4,2% dei patrimoni si trovano in aree ad alto rischio.
Soluzioni per contrastare e adeguarsi al cambiamento climatico sono state studiate e
proposte, al fine di contenere il rischio alla scala della pianificazione territoriale, urbana e
nella progettazione architettonica. In particolare il metodo di lavoro prevede tre fasi
riferibili a momenti diversi alluvionali: direction, storage and absorption.
Sebbene queste non siano definitive ed uniche, l'adattamento richiede tempi di
sperimentazione e selezione per individuare le migliori scelte per applicazioni pratiche;
inoltre, la ricerca non pone solo le basi per la conservazione del patrimonio, ma anche
indirizzi a lungo termine per la progettazione urbana ed architettonica secondo le direttive
dello sviluppo sostenibile
Panisea sondangii Aver. 2023, comb. nov.
No full textPanisea sondangii (Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui) Aver., comb. nov. ≡ Coelogyne sondangii Vuong, Aver. & V.H.Bui in, D.T. Vo et al. (2022: 201, fig. 1). Type: — VIETNAM. Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District, Lang Mo Commune, forest around Tu Cua Phin Village, 23 March 2022, Truong Ba Vuong, Bui Van Huong, BV 1357 (holotype VNM 00069946). Notes:—Following almost all recent orchid assessments and monographs (Seidenfaden 1986, 1992, Lund 1987, Pearce & Cribb 2002, Schuiteman et al. 2008, Chen et al. 2009, Rokaya et al. 2013: 539, Zhou et al. 2016: 34, Ormerod et al. 2021: 74), we accept Panisea (Lindley 1833: 44) Steudel (1841: 265) as a genus separate from Coelogyne Lindley (1821: t. 33) due to clear morphological evidence. Hence, we proposed the new nomenclatural combination made above. Data on ecology, phenology, distribution, and conservation status were reported earlier (Vo et al. 2022).Published as part of Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Truong, Ba Vuong, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Nguyen, Cuong Huu, Maisak, Tatiana V., Doan, Nga Thi, Nguyen, Tuan Hoang, Pham, Van The, Dat, Pham Thi Thanh, Thai, Tran Huy, Nguyen, Van Khuong & Trinh, Ngoc Bon, 2023, New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VI (Orchidaceae, tribes Arethuseae, Cymbidieae, Diurideae, Epidendreae, Vandeae, and Vanilleae), pp. 87-110 in Phytotaxa 597 (2) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/792919
Project Play: An exploration of how to combine architecture and play
No full textEverything started with my fascination of Pokémon-Go; the cultural moment when the building environment was used differently than intended; massive groups gathered around in public parks and kids invading your backyard. I wanted to understand the behavior of people and the new ways of interaction between space and humans. Literature research helped defining different fields of game-theory and architectural space, and most importantly the relationship between those. It gave the knowledge needed to do observations and make new conclusions. The results were descriptions of spaces where the situation of the Pokémon-GO effect occurred: playgrounds. These playgrounds were spaces where the players could be free and use their imagination to build their own world, where humans can be playful. With my design I intent to have the same methodology as these playgrounds.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorela
Biermannia averyanovii, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Biermannia averyanovii</i> (Vuong, Kumar, V.H. Bui, V.S.Dang in Pham <i>et al.</i>) Averyanov, <i>comb. nov.</i> <p> ≡ <i>Chamaeanthus averyanovii</i> Vuong, Kumar, V.H. Bui & V.S.Dang in Pham <i>et al.</i> (2021: 132, fig. 1).</p> <p> <b>Type</b>:— VIETNAM. Son La Province: Thuan Chau District, 18 June 2021, <i>Truong Ba Vuong, Bui Van Huong, BV 1194</i> (VNM 00069908).</p> <p> <b>Notes</b>:—We can not see any fundamental differences between <i>Biermannia</i> King & Pantling (1897: 591) and <i>Chamaeanthus</i> Schlechter ex J.J. Smith (1905: 552) except for insufficient variation on the length of the column foot. Following Seidenfaden & Wood (1992), we consider these genera congeneric and use here earlier valid name. Data on ecology, phenology, distribution, and conservation status for this species were reported earlier (Pham <i>et al.</i> 2021).</p>Published as part of <i>Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Truong, Ba Vuong, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Nguyen, Cuong Huu, Maisak, Tatiana V., Doan, Nga Thi, Nguyen, Tuan Hoang, Pham, Van The, Dat, Pham Thi Thanh, Thai, Tran Huy, Nguyen, Van Khuong & Trinh, Ngoc Bon, 2023, New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VI (Orchidaceae, tribes Arethuseae, Cymbidieae, Diurideae, Epidendreae, Vandeae, and Vanilleae), pp. 87-110 in Phytotaxa 597 (2)</i> on page 101, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7929197">http://zenodo.org/record/7929197</a>
Cymbidium sangii Aver. & V. C. Nguyen 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Cymbidium sangii</i> Aver. & V.C.Nguyen, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Fig. 5) <p> <b>Type</b>:— VIETNAM, Lam Dong Province, Di Linh District, evergreen broad-leaved forest at an elevation of 800–900 m a.s.l., terrestrial herb, locally common, 22 October 2019, <i>Nguyen Van Canh, AL 1134</i> (holotype LE01168112 https://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=133898, isotypes LE01066643 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=133881, LE01066644 https://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=133882, analytical photos from living plants used for the preparation of the type specimen LE01061322 https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=12436, LE01088315 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=46953).</p> <p> <b>Paratypes</b>:— VIETNAM, herbarium specimen is prepared from a cultivated plant on 1 September 2022, <i>L. Averyanov, T. Maisak, AL 1134.1</i> originated from a clone of the plant used for the preparation of the type specimens (herbarium voucher specimen LE01169533 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=142651, analytical photos LE01123538 https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=141845).</p> <p> <b>Herb</b> terrestrial, perennial, rosulate, rhizomatous. <b>Stem</b> erect, with (1)2–3(4) imbricate, cuneate, conduplicate cataphylls and 2–3 leaves; swelling at the base in form of an erect, epigeous, green, conoid pseudobulb (3.5)4–4.5(5) cm tall, (1.2)1.4–1.8(2) cm in diameter; naked with age; all stems densely clustered each other on a very short plagiotropic rhizome; with a dense nest of numerous thick, fleshy, white to dull grey, flexuose roots (5)6–7(8) mm in diameter. <b>Cataphylls</b> narrowly triangular to cuneate, acute to acuminate, (4)5–7(8) cm long, (0.8)1.2–2(2.4) cm wide, grassy greenish, becoming light gray brownish, papyraceous, and eventually fibrous with age. <b>Leaves</b> sessile, arching, dark glossy green, rigid or coriaceous, conduplicate, linear to narrowly lanceolate, (40)50–70(80) cm long, (1)1.2–2.8(3) cm wide, obscurely articulate at the base, tapering into an acute apex, evergreen around the year. <b>Inflorescence</b> lax erect raceme, (40)45–60(65) cm tall; peduncle arising from the base of pseudobulb, light grassy green, (15)20–27(30) cm long, with (3)4–5(6) scarious, lanceolate, acute, sterile bracts; rachis (18)20–30(35) cm long with (5)8–16(18) spirally arranged flowers; floral bracts pale green, narrowly triangular-lanceolate, acute, (0.8)1.2–1.6(2) cm long. <b>Pedicel and ovary</b> pale green, slender, at a wide angle to the rachis, (1.2)1.5–2(2.4) cm long, (1)1.2–1.4(1.6) mm in diameter, ovary slightly broadening distally, shallowly ribbed. <b>Flowers</b> widely opening, odorless, (7)8–9(11) cm across; sepals and petals light yellowish green, with one longitudinal purple brownish stripe, sometimes with few unclear purplish spots near the base; lip very light yellowish to almost white, with purple-brown marks and spots; column very light yellowish to almost white, with many longitudinal purple brown streaks at front; anther cap pale yellow. <b>Sepals</b> subsimilar, spreading, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, (3.8)4–5.4(5.6) cm long, (4.5)5(5.5) mm wide, 3-veined, acute to acuminate; lateral sepals slightly oblique, twisted at apex. <b>Petals</b> broader than sepals, spreading or slightly forward directed, broadly oblanceolate, slightly oblique, 5-veined, acute, (3.2)3.4–4(4.2) cm long, (6)7–8(9) mm wide. <b>Lip</b> narrowly oblong in outline, not fused to the column base, (2.3)2.4–2.7(3) cm long, (1)1.1–1.2(1.3) cm wide in widest part, 3-lobed; lateral lobes suberect, almost semicircular (2)2.2–2.6(2.8) mm tall, (6.5)7–8(8.5) mm broad; median lobe oblong, more than twice longer than side lobes, (1.6)1.8–2(2.2) cm long, (5)6–7(8) mm wide, strongly recurved, finely papillose; disk with 2 longitudinal glabrous keels extending from the middle of epichile to the base of median lobe, rising and connivent distally, forming an almost close tube. <b>Column</b> stout and short, slightly curved, (1)1.1–1.2(1.3) cm tall, slightly broadening toward the apex, with a small, concave stigma at the front. <b>Anther cup</b> hemispheric, 2.8–3 mm across, truncate at front. <b>Pollinia</b> 4, in 2 pairs, dull yellow, obscurely triangular, flattened, 1–1.2 mm across, with a small scarious triangular viscidium. <b>Fruits</b> erect, cylindric capsules, 3–3.5 cm long, about 6 mm in diameter, on a stalk 6–8 mm long.</p> <p> <b>Ecology and phenology</b>:—Perennial terrestrial herb. Primary and old secondary broad-leaved evergreen forests on granite at an elevations of 800–900 m a.s.l. Locally common. Flowers in July–November.</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b>:— VIETNAM, Lam Dong Province (Lac Duong District). Endemic.</p> <p> <b>Conservation status</b>:—Formally, the species may be estimated as globally Critically Endangered, CR: B1a,b(i-iii,v)+ 2a,b(i-iii,v); D. Available observations indicate that the species meets the following IUCN Red List categories and criteria (IUCN 2022): only one population was discovered, with the extent of occurrence (EOO) much less than 100 km 2 (B1a) and the area of occupancy (AOO) surely less than 10 km 2 in one known location (B2a); observed and expected continuing decline (b) of the extent of occurrence (i), the area of occupancy (ii), area, extent, and quality of habitat (iii), and the number of mature individuals (v); the population is very small, with the estimated number of mature individuals less than 50 (D).</p> <p> <b>Notes</b>:—The species is remarkable for its large flowers with an unusually long lip. Morphologically, it is most similar to <i>C. kanran</i> Makino (1902: 10), but differs in pseudobulbs with 2 (rarely 3) dark green, rigid, or coriaceous leaves, 1–3 cm wide (vs. pseudobulbs with 3–7 grassy green, leathery leaves, 9–17 mm wide), inflorescence distinctly longer than leaves bearing 5–18 flowers (vs. inflorescence as long as leaves, bearing 5–12 flowers), median lip lobe 16–22 mm long, 4–8 mm wide, more than twice longer than side-lobes (vs. median lip lobe 11–16 mm long, 8–12 mm wide, as long as side-lobes, or little longer), and shorter column, 10–13 mm long (vs. column 10–17 mm long). In the coloration of flowers, the new species is similar to <i>C. munronianum</i> King & Pantling (1895: 338), but has sepals, petals, and a lip twice as long, or longer. The new species has a stout, erect inflorescence with numerous widely opening attractive flowers and represents interest for cultivation as an ornamental plant perspective for breeding and further selection.</p>Published as part of <i>Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Truong, Ba Vuong, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Nguyen, Cuong Huu, Maisak, Tatiana V., Doan, Nga Thi, Nguyen, Tuan Hoang, Pham, Van The, Dat, Pham Thi Thanh, Thai, Tran Huy, Nguyen, Van Khuong & Trinh, Ngoc Bon, 2023, New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VI (Orchidaceae, tribes Arethuseae, Cymbidieae, Diurideae, Epidendreae, Vandeae, and Vanilleae), pp. 87-110 in Phytotaxa 597 (2)</i> on pages 96-99, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7929197">http://zenodo.org/record/7929197</a>
Coelogyne phitamii Aver. & K. S. Nguyen 2023, sp. nov.
No full textCoelogyne phitamii Aver. & K.S.Nguyen, sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Type: — VIETNAM, Son La Province, Thuan Chau District, Chieng Pha Commune, remnants of primary evergreen broad-leaved forest on limestone mountain, lithophytic and epiphytic perennial creeping herb, flower greenish-yellowish white, adaxially lip dark brownish-red, 9 September 2022, Nguyen Sinh Khang, Lo Trung Van, AL 1593 (holotype LE01170123 https://herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=162710, isotype HN, LE01170118 https://herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=162682, authentic photos LE01123558 https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=142722). Paratype: — VIETNAM, the border between Dien Bien (Tuan Giao District, Toa Tinh Municipality) and Son La Province (Thuan Chau District, Phong Lai Municipality), 15August 2022, Nguyen Phi Tam, AL 1592 (LE01170155 https://herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=162879, authentic photos LE01123556 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=142720). Etymology: —The species name honors its discoverer, an orchid enthusiast named Mr. Nguyen Phi Tam. Herb lithophytic and epiphytic, perennial, with creeping plagiotropic rhizome and ascending or erect pseudobulbs. Rhizome semiwoody, 25–35 cm long, (2)2.5–3(3.5) mm in diameter, covered by 7–9 pale yellowish gray bract remnants, with a few rigid, pale brownish roots arising from nodes and internodes. Pseudobulbs 2-leaved, green, distant on (3) 4–7 cm, narrowly cylindrical, (2.5)3–4(4.5) cm long, (5.5)6–8(9) mm in diameter, young with 1–2 pale yellowish grey, papyraceous bracts at the base. Leaves glossy green, apical, subopposite, subsessile, leathery, narrowly elliptic, acute, (6)7–9(10) cm long, (2.5)2.8–3(3.2) cm wide. Inflorescence hysteranthous, arising from the apex of mature pseudobulb, erect, normally with 2 flowers; inflorescence axis green, (2)2.5–3(3.5) cm long, at base enveloped by 2–3 pale yellowish, papyraceous sterile bracts; floral bracts pale yellowish, papyraceous, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate, acute, (1.2)1.4–2.2(2.4) cm long, (2)2.2–5(6) mm wide, early caducous. Pedicel and ovary pale green, (4)4.5–5(5.5) mm long, ovary 1.6–2.2 mm in diameter, broadening distally, shallowly ribbed. Flowers widely opening, (1.8)2–2.5(2.8) cm across; sepals and petals light yellowish; lip light yellowish with chestnut brown center and chestnut brown keels; column very light yellowish green to almost white with brown apex; anther cap orange. Sepals subsimilar, spreading, narrowly ovate, (1.5)1.6–1.8(2) cm long, 6–8 mm wide, acute, and shortly apiculate; lateral sepals slightly oblique. Petals linear, spreading or slightly recurved, acute, as long as sepals, 1–1.2 mm wide. Lip broadly ovate in outline, (1.5)1.6–1.8(2) cm long, 1.4–1.6 mm wide, 3-lobed; lateral lobes erect, obscurely triangular, 4–5 mm long and wide, with entire margin, ciliate at apex; median lobe half circular, (7)8(9) mm long, (0.9)1–1.2(1.3) cm wide, fimbriate along margin; median lobe with 6 undulate keels, two inner extending from base to the apical part of the median lobe, the other much shorter. Column stout, slightly curved, (1.1)1.2–1.3(1.4) cm tall, in apical half with broad, forward directed, rounded wings; column with flattened wings (4)5(6) mm wide; column apex round, irregularly denticulate; stigma in form of a half circular hollow. Anther cup hemispheric, 2–2.2 mm across, with a broad, truncate beak at the front and with prominent boss at the apex. Pollinia 2, lens-shaped, dull yellow, with a small amorphous viscidium. Fruits unknown. Ecology and phenology:—Perennial epiphytic and lithophytic creeping herb. Primary and secondary broad-leaved evergreen forests on limestone. Occasional. Flowers in August–September. Distribution:— Vietnam, provinces Dien Bien (Tuan Giao District), and Son La (Thuan Chau District). Conservation status:—Two species populations were discovered in NW Vietnam, in a small area along the border of Son La (Thuan Chau District) and Dien Bien provinces (Tuan Giao District), a total area of about 2700 km ². Taking into consideration the vast deforestation in this area and the occurrence of both discovered populations in highly disturbed remnants of primary forest, the case meets the following conditions of IUCN Red List criteria (2022): the extent of occurrence (EOO) less than 5000 km 2, the area of occupancy (AOO) less than 500 km 2, only two existing, severely fragmented populations, the continuing decline observed, estimated, inferred and projected in the extent of occurrence, the area of occupancy, the quality of habitat; and the number of mature individuals. Following these criteria, the status of the species may be preliminarily estimated as Endangered, EN (B1a,b(i-iii,v), B2a,b(i-iii,v). Notes:—New species belongs to the Coelogyne sect. Fuliginosae Pfitzer & Kraenzlin in Engler (1907: 33) and may be close to C. fimbriata Lindley (1825: tab. 868) in plant habit and flower lip shape. However, the new species differs from all species of the section in the presence of five distinct high keels on the medial lip lobe. In comparison, all other species of the section bear 2 keels on the lip median lobe (Pelser et al. 2000, Clayton 2002), rarely with 1–2 short, additional, highly reduced lamellae on the sides of well-developed keels (Seidenfaden 1975). Coelogyne suaveolens (Lindl.) Hooker (1890: 832), Seidenfaden (1975: 52, fig. 18), Pearce & Cribb (2002: 338), Clayton (2002: 204), Chen et al. (2009: 323), Zhou et al. (2016: 34), Kumar et al. (2018: 65), Ormerod et al. (2021: 74). (Fig. 2) ≡ Pholidota suaveolens Lindley (1856: 372). Type:— INDIA. 19 May 1856, cult. Bishop of Winchester s.n. (lectotype K000079285, designated here). Ecology and phenology:—Epiphyte on tall mossy trees, commonly along streams. Primary and secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests on sandstone at an elevation of 500–700 m a.s.l. (and probably higher). Very rare. Flowers in April–June. Distribution:— Vietnam, Dien Bien Province (Muong Nhe District). NE India, Myanmar, SW China (Yunnan), Thailand, Laos. Conservation status:—The conservation status of this species in all area of its distribution up to now has not been evaluated (NE). In Vietnam, only one locality has been documented despite special regional fieldwork. Taking into consideration the almost total deforestation in this area and following the formal Red List IUCN (2022) criteria, the species meets in Vietnam the following conditions: A2a,c; B1a,b(i-iii,v)+2a,b(i-iii,v); C1+2(i,ii); D1; observed population reduction for 10 years or 3 generation ≥ 80% are not reversible (A2), based on direct observation (a) and observed decline of the area of occupancy, extent of occurrence and habitat quality (c); the area of occurrence <100 km ² (B1) and the area of occupancy <10 km ² (B2), with 1 known population (a) and continuing observed decline of extent of occurrence (bi); the area of occupancy (bii); area, quality of habitat (biii); the number of mature individuals (bv); the number of mature individuals <250, observed, estimated or projected continuing decline in 25% in 3 years or 1 generation (C1) and observed, estimated, projected or inferred continuing decline when the number of mature individuals in each subpopulation (C2(i)) ≤ 50 and % of mature individuals in one subpopulation = 90–100% (C2(ii)); the number of mature individuals <50 (D), which identifies the species as nationally Critically Endangered (CR). Notes:—Field observations identify this species as a very rare plant known only from extreme NW Vietnam in a small area close to the Vietnam –Laotian border. Habit and floral morphology fit well with a detailed description of Laos plants published earlier (Kumar et al. 2018). However, the flowers of Vietnamese plants are somewhat smaller (fig. 2). Studied specimens:— VIETNAM, Dien Bien Province, Muong Nhe District, Muong Nhe Natural Reserve, Leng Su Sin Municipality, A Suoi Voi Village around point about N 22º20´27´´ E102º21´29´´ secondary evergreen broad-leaved lowland and submontane forest on mountain slopes composed with sandstone at an elevations of 500–700 m a.s.l., creeping epiphyte on a mossy tree along a stream, flower white, lip with a yellow spot on the disk, not common, 17 May 2022, L. Averyanov, Tran Huy Thai, Khang Sinh Nguyen, T. Maisak, VR 1705 (LE01168995 https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=140466; analytical photos LE01123261 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=137034). Otochilus lancilabius Seidenfaden (1976: 13, fig. 11, 1986: 94, fig. 53, 1992: 121), Pearce & Cribb (2002: 327, fig. 82, pl. 15), Schuiteman et al. (2008: 301), Chen et al. (2009: 340), Rokaya et al. (2013: 539), Jalal & Jayanthi (2015: 37), Zhou et al. (2016: 100), Ormerod et al. (2021: 179). Type: — INDIA. Sikkim Himalaya, Otochilus porrecta Lindl., 6000 ft. Oct.-Dec. 1892 [Oct.-Dec. 1893 wrong?] R. Pantling 26 (lectotype K000387921 designated here, isolectotypes HUH 00287633, LE01170187, P00403233). (Figs. 3 A–C) ≡ Coelogyne lancilabia (Seidenfaden) R. Rice (2019: 173). Ecology and phenology:—Epiphyte on tall mossy trees. Primary and secondary evergreen broad-leaved, mixeg, and coniferous forests on any kind of parental rocks at an elevation of 1000–2200 m a.s.l. Common and locally abundant. Flowers in October–December. Distribution:— VIETNAM, provinces Cao Bang, Hoa Binh, Lai Chau, Lao Cai, Nghe An, and Son La. Bhutan, Nepal, NE India, Myanmar, SW China, Laos. Conservation status:—According to data from available collections and our field observations, this species is still common in many locations in Vietnam. However, its populations exhibit a clear tendency to decrease due to deforestation and the destruction of habitats in most areas of the country. Due to currently available data, the conservation status of this species in Vietnam may be estimated as nationally Near Threatened (NT). Notes:—Gunnar Seidenfaden, under species description, indicated as a type the specimen “ Pantling No. 26 ” housed at K (Seidenfaden 1976, 1986). Meanwhile, four available herbarium specimens marked as “ Pantling No. 26 ” have a bit different label data listed here in chronological order of collecting date as follows: “ Sikkim Himalaya, Otochilus porrecta Lindl. Common. Sikkim, 6000 ft., Oct.-Dec. 1892, R. Pantling 26 ” (HUH 00287633 and P00403233); “ Sikkim Himalaya, Otochilus porrecta Lindl. Common. Sikkim, 6000 ft., Oct.- Jan. 1892, R. Pantling 26 ” (LE01170187 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=162386); “ Sikkim Himalaya, Otochilus porrecta Lindl., 6000 ft., Oct.-Dec., 1893 R. Pantling 26 (K000387921). Most likely, the date discrepancy was due to a manual writing error, and all herbarium specimens represent a single collection, as was indicated later in the assessment of Sikkimese orchids (King & Pantling 1898). Considering the indication by G. Seidenfaden (1986) of the specimen housed at K as a type, we accept it as a lectotype, and other specimens “ Pantling No 26 ” are treated here as isolectotypes. Studied specimens:— VIETNAM, numerous studied specimens of this species from Vietnam are available in the Herbarium LE database and are accessible by following the link: https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&s= Otochilus %20lancilabius&f=%5Ball%5D.Published as part of Averyanov, Leonid V., Nguyen, Van Canh, Truong, Ba Vuong, Nguyen, Khang Sinh, Nguyen, Cuong Huu, Maisak, Tatiana V., Doan, Nga Thi, Nguyen, Tuan Hoang, Pham, Van The, Dat, Pham Thi Thanh, Thai, Tran Huy, Nguyen, Van Khuong & Trinh, Ngoc Bon, 2023, New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VI (Orchidaceae, tribes Arethuseae, Cymbidieae, Diurideae, Epidendreae, Vandeae, and Vanilleae), pp. 87-110 in Phytotaxa 597 (2) on pages 89-93, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.597.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/792919
Superresolution recurrent convolutional neural networks for learning with multi-resolution whole slide images
No full textThis file was last viewed in Microsoft Edge.A recurrent convolutional neural network is supervised machine learning way to process images that has both properties of convolutional and recurrent networks. We propose Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based approach and its advanced recurrent version (RCNN) to solve the problem of enhancing the resolution of images obtained from a low magnification scanner, also known as the image super-resolution (SR) problem. The given class of scanner produces microscopic images relatively fast and storage efficiently. However, those scanners generate comparatively low quality images than images from complex and sophisticated scanners and do not have the necessary resolution for diagnostic or clinical researches, therefore low resolutions scanners are not in demand. The motivation of this study is to determine whether an image with low resolution could be enhanced by applying deep learning framework such that it would serve the same diagnostic purpose as a high resolution image from expensive scanners or microscopes. We presented novel network design and complex loss function. We validate these resolution improvements with computational analysis to show an enhanced image give the same quantitative results. In summary, our extensive experiments demonstrate that this method indeed produces images which are same quality to images from high resolution scanners. This approach opens up new application possibilities for using low-resolution scanners not only in terms of cost but also in access and speed of scanning for both research and possible clinical use
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