296,288 research outputs found
Spatial modulation and space-time shift keying: optimal performance at a reduced detection complexity
No full textAbstract—In this paper, we propose a comprehensive reduced-complexity detector both for hard-decision-aided as well as for the soft-decision-assisted Spatial Modulation (SM)/Space-Time Shift Keying (STSK). More explicitly, the detection of the SM scheme, which activates a single one out of M antennas to transmit a single LPSK/QAM symbol, may be carried out by detecting the antenna activation index m and the LPSK/QAM symbol sl separately, so that the detection complexity may be reduced from the order of O(M · L) to the lower bound of O(M + log2 L). However, the QAM aided STSK hard detection proposed in [1] results in a performance loss. Furthermore, the Max-Log-MAP algorithm proposed for soft STSK detection in [2] only takes into account the maximum a posteriori probabilities, which also imposed a performance degradation. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel solution for hard-decision-aided SM/STSK detection, which retains its optimal performance, despite its reduced detection complexity, when either LPSK or LQAM is employed. Furthermore, we propose the reduced-complexity Approx-Log-MAP algorithm conceived for the soft-decision-aided SM/STSK detector, in order to replace the sub-optimal Max-Log-MAP algorithm
Si Kenkoy Bilang Kuwelang Ingles sa Komiks: Isang Pagdalumat sa Karabaw English Bilang Instrumento ng Pagsulong ng Makabayang Diwa sa Panahon ng Kolonyalismong Amerikano; 1929-1934
No full textAbstrakAng tinaguriang “Carabao English” ay inilalarawan bilang isang katawa-tawa at hindi kanais-nais na paraan ng komunikasyon. Kinikilala ito bilang paaran ng pilit na paglakip sa dayuhang wika kung saan nagkaroon ng korupsiyon (sariling maka-Pilipinong pagbabaybay) ang wikang Ingles dahil sa naging paghahalo nito sa wikang Filipino. Tatangkain ng papel na ito na matunton ang naging paggamit sa “Carabao English” na mababakas sa mga diyalogo na inilarawan ni Tony Velasquez sa kaniyang likhang-sining na Kenkoy Komiks. Si Kenkoy ang kumatawan sa ‘kuwelang Ingles’ na sa unang pagtingin ay katawa-tawa ngunit kung bibigyan ng malalim na pagsusuri ay nagpapahiwatig ng mga makabayang aral at mga tunggalian sa isang kolonyal na lipunan. Ang layunin ng pag-aaral ay mabigyan ng masusing pagtalakay at masuri ang mga simbolismong pumapaloob sa Kenkoy Komiks na makikita sa ilustrasyon at mga linya nito. Bukod pa rito, layunin ding mabigyang-linaw at maisakonteksto ang nilalaman ng sining ng pagguhit at wikang “Carabao English” sa ilalim ng pamamahala ng Estados Unidos sa Pilipinas at ang papel at paggamit ng nasabing wika sa layunin ng may-akda upang maisulong ang kaniyang mithiing pagkabansa. Matutunghayan mula sa pag-aaral ang pagtugon at ang pakikipagtunggali ng lipunang Pilipino sa panahon ng mga kultural na pagbabago sa dagok ng kolonisasyon mula sa komiks. Iminumungkahi ng pag-aaral na nagkaroon ng proseso ng akulturasyon sa wika kung saan sinasalamin nito ang pag-angkin ng lipunang Pilipino sa mga dayuhang elemento, ngunit nagkaroon ng pagtatakip upang maipagpatuloy ang diwang makabayan sa kabila ng kaayusang kolonyal na pinatatakbo ng Estados Unidos sa bansa. Mga Susing Salita: komiks, Carabao English, Kenkoy, patriotismo, wika Kenkoy’s Humourous English in Comics: An Analysis on the use of “Carabao English” as an Instrument of Advancing Patriotism under the American Colonial Period; 1929 – 1934 Abstract“Carabao English” is portrayed as a farcical and an unfavorable means of communication. It was known to caused by an enforced adherence to the use of a foreign language wherein it formed a ‘corrupted version’ (based on the Philippine enumeration) of the English language due to its contact and mixing with the Filipino language. This paper aims to trace the usage of “Carabao English” based on the dialogues in Tony Velasquez’ Kenkoy Komiks. The main character, Kenkoy, embodies the use of “Humourous English” which at first glance may seem laughable however under thorough analysis implies patriotic values and underscores the struggles of Filipinos under a colonial society. The purpose of this study is to highlight and contextualize the use of “Carabao English” under the American colonial period in the Philippines and its use by the author in order to achieve nationhood. The dynamics of response and conflict within the Filipino society under a period of cultural change brought about by a new colonial era based on the comics, can be seen from the study. The study proposes that language underwent a process of acculturation where it reflects a gradual acceptance of foreign cultural elements within the Filipino society but nevertheless, became instrumental in promoting patriotism by serving as an alternative expression of continued resistance to American colonial rule.Keywords: comics, Carabao English, Kenkoy, patriotism, languag
Ang Posibilidad at Hanggahan ng Ekosalin: Isang Pagbabalangkas at Paglalapat ng Nababagong Teorya sa Larangan ng Pagsasalin¹*
No full textNakatuon ang pag-aaral na ito sa pagbubuo at paglalapat ng dulog pampagsasaling nakasentro sa kalikasan na tatawaging “ekosalin” na salig sa larangan ng eco-translation at ekolingguwistika. Ilalapat ang nabuong dulog o ang ekosalin sa mga pilíng artikulo sa Ingles na arawang lumabas sa pahayagang The Manila Times noong 1986-1989 — ang Halupi, partikular ang mga pumapaksa sa flora at fauna na ituturing sa pag-aaral na ito bílang mga stories-we-live-by o mga-kuwentong-nakasanayan-na. Pangunahing hakbang ang paglalantad sa mga padron ng paggamit ng wika sa loob o kabuoan ng teksto, gayundin ang pagtatabi ng mga teksto sa inilatag na ekosopiya ng tagasalin na nakasandig sa konsepto ng malalim na ekolohiya o deep ecology, at nakaangkla sa kasalukuyang lagay ng kalikasan o kapaligirang ginagalawan ng tagasalin. Sa pamamagitan nito, matutukoy ang mga (1) tekstong benepisyal para sa kalikasan kayâ dapat na isalin nang walang pagbabago, (2) ambivalent o alanganin na kinakailangang ayusin sa salin, at (3) destruktibo o nakasasama sa kalikasan kayâ dapat isantabi’t hindi na isalin. Naroon ang paniwala na kapag nakapasok na sa sistema ang ekosalin ng mga teksto, magagawa na ng ekolohikal na pananaw na makapasok sa nangingibabaw na ideolohiya at sirain ang kasalukuyang mga restriksiyong panlipunan na magbubunsod sa mga panibagong gawi’t asal na magsasantabi sa mga praktikang anti-ekolohikal.
 
Calappa liaoi Ng 2002
No full textCalappa liaoi Ng, 2002 Calappa liaoi Ng 2002: 50, figs. 7–11. Material examined. Off Aurora Province, eastern Luzon, Philippines: 1 Ƥ (CL 21.5 mm) (NMCR), stn. CP 2653, 16º05.85’N 21 º 58.85 ’E, 105 m, 20 May 2007; 1 Ƥ (CL 16.3 mm) (ZRC 2009.0246), stn. CP 2654, 16º04.26’N 21 º 56.98 ’E, 98–107 m, 20 May 2007; 1 3 (CL 17.2 mm) (ZRC 2009.0247), stn. CP 2747, 15º 55.53 ’N 121 º 42.12 ’E, 124 m, 2 June 2007. Distribution. Philippines. Remarks. Previously known only from the type specimen which was collected from shallow water (less than 10 m, in coral debris) (Ng 2002: 52); the present records extend the depth range to 124 m. It also extends the range northwards to Luzon.Published as part of Galil, Bella S. & Ng, Peter K. L., 2009, Calappoidea and Leucosioidea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) from Luzon, Philippines, with descriptions of two new species of Mursia, pp. 45-60 in Zootaxa 2085 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18738
Iteratively Decoded Variable Length Space-Time Coded Modulation: Code Construction and Convergence Analysis
No full textAn Iteratively Decoded Variable Length Space Time Coded Modulation (VL-STCM-ID) scheme capable of simultaneously providing both coding and iteration gain as well as multiplexing and diversity gain is proposed. Non-binary unity-rate precoders are employed for assisting the iterative decoding of the VL-STCM-ID scheme. The discrete-valued source symbols are first encoded into variable-length codewords that are mapped to the spatial and temporal domains. Then the variable-length codewords are interleaved and fed to the precoder assisted modulator. More explicitly, the proposed VL-STCM-ID arrangement is a jointly designed iteratively decoded scheme combining source coding, channel coding, modulation as well as spatial diversity/multiplexing. As expected, the higher the source correlation, the higher the achievable performance gain of the scheme becomes. Furthermore, the performance of the VLSTCM-ID scheme is about 14.6 dB better than that of the FixedLength STCM (FL-STCM) benchmarker at a source symbol error ratio of 10-4
Hexaplax aurantium Rahayu & Ng 2014
No full textHexaplax aurantium Rahayu & Ng, 2014 Hexaplax megalops— Tesch 1918: 242 (not Hexaplax megalops Doflein, 1904). Hexaplax aurantium Rahayu & Ng, 2014: 473, Figs. 2 F, 56 C, 57 C, 58 C, 59 D–F, 60 B, 61 A, 63, 64. Material examined. Indonesia: 2 males (15.8 × 11.0 mm, 10.0 × 6.8 mm), 3 females (14.7 × 10.4mm, 16.7 × 11.8 mm, 13.4 × 9.5 mm) (NNM-ZMA Crust De 240130), 1 male (NNM Crust D 2180), station 12, 7° 15 'S 115 ° 15.6 ’E, north of Bali, 289 m, coll. M. Webber, Siboga Expedition, 26 September 1899; 1 male (7.2 × 5.0 mm) (NNM), station 212, 5° 54.5 ’S 120 ° 19.2 ’E, west of Saleyer Island (= Kabupaten Selayar), 462 m, coll. M. Webber, Siboga Expedition, 1899. Remarks. On the basis of the description and location, Rahayu & Ng (2014) indicated that Tesch’s (1918) records of “ Hexaplax megalops Doflein, 1904 ” from Indonesia probably belonged to their new species, Hexaplax aurantium. Re-examination of these specimens confirms this.Published as part of Ng, Peter K. L. & Rahayu, Dwi Listyo, 2015, Notes on Hexapodidae (Crustacea, Brachyura) from Indonesia and Malaysia, with description of a new species of Mariaplax Rahayu & Ng, 2014, from Lombok, Indonesia, pp. 125-137 in Zootaxa 3981 (1) on page 135, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3981.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/24181
Near-capacity code design for entanglement-assisted classical communication over quantum depolarizing channels
No full textWe have conceived a near-capacity code design for entanglement-assisted classical communication over the quantum depolarizing channel. The proposed system relies on efficient near-capacity classical code designs for approaching the entanglement-assisted classical capacity of a quantum depolarizing channel. It incorporates an Irregular Convolutional Code (IRCC), a Unity Rate Code (URC) and a soft-decision aided Superdense Code (SD), which is hence referred to as an IRCC-URC-SD arrangement. Furthermore, the entanglement-assisted classical capacity of an N-qubit superdense code transmitted over a depolarizing channel is invoked for benchmarking. It is demonstrated that the proposed system operates within 0.4 dB of the achievable noise limit for both 2-qubit as well as 3-qubit SD schemes. More specifically, our design exhibits a deviation of only 0.062 and 0.031 classical bits per channel use from the corresponding 2-qubit and 3-qubit capacity limits, respectively. The proposed system is also benchmarked against the classical convolutional and turbo codes
Reduced-complexity non-coherent soft-decision-aided DAPSK dispensing with channel estimation
No full textDifferential Amplitude Phase Shift Keying (DAPSK), which is also known as star-shaped QAM has implementational advantages not only due to dispensing with channel estimation, but also as a benefit of its low signal detection complexity. It is widely recognized that separately detecting the amplitude and the phase of a received DAPSK symbol exhibits a lower complexity than jointly detecting the two terms. However, since the amplitude and the phase of a DAPSK symbol are affected by the correlated magnitude fading and phase-rotations, detecting the two terms completely independently results in a performance loss, which is especially significant for soft-decision-aided DAPSK detectors relying on multiple receive antennas. Therefore, in this contribution, we propose a new soft-decision-aided DAPSK detection method, which achieves the optimum DAPSK detection capability at a substantially reduced detection complexity. More specifically, we link each a priori soft input bit to a specific part of the channel's output, so that only a reduced subset of the DAPSK constellation points has to be evaluated by the soft DAPSK detector. Our simulation results demonstrate that the proposed soft DAPSK detector exhibits a lower detection complexity than that of independently detecting the amplitude and the phase, while the optimal performance of DAPSK detection is retained
Xenocrate peculiaris Ng & Castro 2007
No full textXenocrate peculiaris Ng & Castro, 2007 (Figs. 49A–H; 50A–D) Xenocrate peculiaris Ng & Castro, 2007: 45, figs. 1–5. – Ng et al. 2008: 79 [in list]. Type material. Male holotype, 34.0 mm × 39.1 mm (NMCR); 1 male paratype, 39.6 mm × 45.8 mm (ZRC 2008.0428), 1 female paratype, 36.9 mm × 42.2 mm (ZRC 2008.0427). Type locality. Philippines, Bohol, Panglao I., Maribojoc Bay, 100–300 m. Material examined. Philippines. Bohol. Panglao I., Maribojoc Bay, tangle nets, 100–300 m, T. J. Arbasto coll., 11.2003 –04.2004: male holotype 34.0 mm × 39.1 mm (NMCR); 06.2004 –05.2005: 1 male paratype, 39.6 mm × 45.8 mm (ZRC 2008.0428). PANGLAO 2005: stn. L45, tangle nets, T. J. Arbasto coll., 80–90 m, 03.07.2004: 1 female paratype, 36.9 mm × 42.2 mm (ZRC 2008.0427). Solomon Is. SALOMON 1: stn. DW 1823, 09°50.4’S, 160°53.2’E, 82–83 m, 04.10.2001: 1 male, 10.5 mm × 12.7 mm (MNHN-B830609). Vanuatu. SANTO 2006: stn.EP40, west Tutuba I., 15°33.1/33.6’S, 167°16.4/16.5’E, tangle net, 125–156 m, 18.10.2006: 1 male, 30.8 mm × 36.8 mm (MNHN-B). Diagnosis. Dorsal, ventral surface of carapace granular, carapace subhexagonal, with two short teeth on each anterolateral border (Fig. 49A–C). Orbits short, shorter than front, wide, spherical (Fig. 49C). Distribution. Western Pacific: Philippines, Solomon Is., and Vanuatu. Depth: 80– 300 m.Published as part of CASTRO, PETER & NG, PETER K. L., 2010, Revision of the family Euryplacidae Stimpson, 1871 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Goneplacoidea), pp. 1-130 in Zootaxa 2375 (1) on pages 115-116, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2375.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/628270
Paradynomene quasimodo McLay & Ng 2004
No full textParadynomene quasimodo McLay & Ng, 2004 Paradynomene tuberculata.— Jamieson et al. 1993: 313, figs. 1–3.— Guinot 1993: 1227, figs. 1, 2.— Jamieson 1994: 384, fig. 5c.— Jamieson et al. 1995: 271, fig. 2 c.— Guinot & Bouchard 1998: 632.— Secretan 1998: 1756, figs. 7, 8.— McLay 1999: 543 (part), figs. 4e, f, 6e, f, 7c, e, 10b–d, 14a, 32. Paradynomene quasimodo McLay & Ng, 2004: 8, figs. 5, 6, 14B. Material. Holotype male, 14.3 by 15.4 mm, Balicasag Island, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, in tangle nets, 200–300 m, coll. local shell fishermen, Jun 2002, ZRC 2001.260; Paratype male, 17.6 by 17.7 mm, Balicasag Island, Panglao, Bohol, Visayas, in tangle nets, 200–300 m, coll. local shell fishermen, Dec 2000, ZRC 2001.176. Remarks. See McLay & Ng (2004) for detailed discussion.Published as part of Mclay, Colin L. & Ng, Peter K. L., 2005, On a collection of Dromiidae and Dynomenidae from the Philippines, with description of a new species of Hirsutodynomene McLay, 1999 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura), pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 1029 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1029.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/505021
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