5,871 research outputs found
Subgroups of SL(t, Z)
No full textIt is shown that if t > 3, then no subgroup of SL(t, Z) of finite index is free (in fact is not even the free product of cyclic groups). Here SL(t, Z ) is the multiplicative group of t x t matrices over the integers of determinant 1
Dentex carpenteri Iwatsuki, Newman & Russell, 2015, new species
No full textDentex carpenteri new species New common name: Yellow Snout Seabream Figure 1 A–B Dentex tumifrons (not of Temminck & Schlegel): Allen 1997: 132 (Western Australia); Carpenter 2001: 3000 (Western Pacific, in part). Allotaius spariformis: Hutchins 2001: 35 (Australia,?in part). Holotype. WAM P. 33486 -001 (X), 219 mm SL, female with gonad, off Ningaloo Reef near Exmouth, Western Australia (22 ° 10.02 ’S, 113 ° 46.21 ’E), 26 March 2011, trapped, depth 200– 210 m. Paratypes. WAM P. 33490 -001 (8 specimens), 145–189 mm SL, off Ningaloo Reef near Exmouth, Western Australia (22 ° 10.02 ’S, 113 ° 46.21 ’E), 26 March 2011, trapped, depth 200–210 m (only 171 mm SL, X; sex not determined but presumably male, Fig. 1 A). Diagnosis. A species of the Dentex hypselosomus complex (Iwatsuki et al. 2007) with the following combination of characters: posterior hind margin of upper jaw not reaching to or reaching slightly beyond vertically through anterior margin of eye; often yellow wide region in greater part from snout to infraorbital plus often yellow upper jaw; deeper suborbital depth (9.7–10.9 % SL; Fig. 3 A); orbit diameter larger (11.7–13.5 % SL Fig. 3 B); considerably deeper body, especially in specimens of about 100−200 mm SL (50.0–55.0% SL; Fig. 1 A– B). Description. Meristic values counts and measurements as percentages of standard length (SL) for the holotype and eight paratypes of Dentex carpenteri n. sp. are in Table 1. Characters presented in the diagnosis are not repeated. Body compressed, very deep, especially in specimens <200 mm SL (Fig. 1); anterodorsal profile ascending abruptly, rostro-occipital profile somewhat convex, body slender; orbit diameter large, slightly greater than interorbital width; snout length much greater than orbit diameter; mandibular profile weakly convex; preopercle entire, with rounded angle; preopercular flange fully scaled; first to third dorsal-fin spines becoming progressively longer, third or fourth dorsal-fin spine longest; predorsal length clearly less than body depth, slightly less than dorsal-fin base length; pectoral-fin tip reaching to or beyond first anal-fin spine base, pectoral-fin length greater than head length; anal-fin spines stout, second usually more stout and usually longest, longer than orbit diameter; caudal fin weakly forked, lobes short, broad; most upper gill rakers on lower limb of gill arch long, a few lower gill rakers sometimes abruptly shortened or rudimentary. Color when fresh —based on color photographs of the holotype (Fig. 1 B) and the paratype specimens (Fig. 1 A) for both prior to preservation, and four uncatalogued color photographs (thawed, Fig. 2 for one of the four specimens and fresh; lost after collection but tissue sample, herein analyzed and same in holotype’s sequence data in MUFS 42666) by S. J. Newman: body basically pinkish, becoming whitish in abdomen, upper part of pectoralfin rays somewhat more pinkish colour but pinkish hyaline in lower part; anal-fin membrane and rays pale reddishhyaline; caudal-fin membrane and rays mostly reddish hyaline. Color of preserved specimens —upper sides of head and trunk uniformly yellowish-tan; life colors lost in others. Etymology. This species is named in honour of Dr. Kent E. Carpenter (ODU) for his many contributions to ichthyology and activities pertaining to ichthyology at the FAO and IUCN. Remarks. Nominal species were discussed by Iwatsuki et al. (2007). Dentex spariformis Ogilby, 1910 has long been considered a junior synonym of D. tumifrons (= D. hypselosomus of Iwatsuki et al. 2007; Allen, 1997; Akazaki and Séret, 1999; Carpenter, 2001) but Iwatsuki et al. (2007) regarded Dentex spariformis as a valid species, known only from northern and northeastern Australia, Bali, and Lombok Island, southern Indonesia, and the Arafura Sea (fig. 6 of Iwatsuki et al. 2007), at depths between about 100 and 264 m, being a deeper water inhabitant. A large photographed fish (Fig. 2, about 310 mm SL) was collected from Western Australia before the type material was collected. This specimen was lost but tissue was taken, and the sequence data confirmed that this was a specimen of D. carpenteri n. sp. The types of D. carpenteri n. sp. were compared with example of the four known valid species from the western Pacific: Dentex abei and D. hypselosomus from the Northern Hemisphere, and D. fourmanoiri and D. spariformis from the Southern Hemisphere, respectively. We concluded that the specimens of the Dentex species from Western Australia are a distinct new species with clear morphological and genetic differences compared with those of the four known species (see different morphology of Comparisons below; Fig. 4). Comparisons. Differences between the four species of the Dentex hypselosomus complex (D. abei, D. fourmanoiri, D. hypselosomus, and D. spariformis) have been previously discussed (Iwatsuki et al. 2007). Dentex carpenteri n. sp. is most similar to D. spariformis in overall appearance of the body, but can be differentiated from the above species in having the following combination of characters: posterior margin of upper jaw not reaching to or reaching slightly beyond vertical at anterior margin of eye; often a wide yellow region on the greater part from the snout to the second infraorbital, often also on the upper jaw; suborbital depth greater (9.7–10.9 % SL; Fig. 3 A); considerably deeper body in specimens of 100−200 mm SL (Figs. 1 A −B & 2, vs. posterior hind margin of upper jaw reaching clearly beyond a vertical through anterior margin of eye or reaching beyond a vertical through anterior margin of black iris; no yellow region from snout to infraorbital; suborbital depth shallow (7.6–9.6 % SL in D. spariformis); relatively deep body in specimens of about 100−200 mm SL in D. spariformis; Fig. 1 B; 50.0– 55.0% SL vs. 45.5–51.4 % SL in D. spariformis). The orbit diameter in SL measurements of D. carpenteri n. sp. and D. spariformis are almost the same (Fig. 3 B), but are greater than those of D. abei and D. hypselosomus. Conversely, the suborbital depth of D. carpenteri n. sp. is similar to that of D. hypselosomus (Fig. 3 A). In addition, we observed that D. carpenteri n. sp. often has a much deeper body than that of D. spariformis in specimens <200 mm SL (Fig. 1 A −B). Furthermore, squamation of the anterior margin of head scales is similarly rounded or pointed in Dentex carpenteri n. sp., D. spariformis, D. fourmanoiri and D. abei, but only Dentex hypselosomus has an anterior margin of dorsal head scales that is straight or somewhat concave (Fig. 5 A–B). Distribution. Dentex abei, D. fourmanoiri, D. hypselosomus, and D. spariformis have allopatric and nonequatorial distributions in the western Pacific (fig. 5 of Iwatsuki et al. 2007). In the Northern Hemisphere, D. abei is currently known only from the Ryukyu Islands including the Okinawa Trough, and Ogasawara Islands, Japan, northeastern Taiwan, and off Luzon Island, Philippines; D. hypselosomus is currently known from the East Asian Shelf, including southern Japan (except the Ryukyu and the Ogasawara Islands), southern Korea, Taiwan (generally the western part of Taiwan), and China. In the Southern Hemisphere, Iwatsuki et al. (2007) reported that D. spariformis is distributed off Australia (except the southwestern part), while D. formanoiri is currently known only from off New Caledonia, including the Chesterfield Islands. The type specimens of D. carpenteri n. sp. were collected at depths between 200 - 215 m, and appear to be a much deeper inhabitant than the other species (Iwatsuki et al. 2007). Although we could not specify the exact distributional boundary between D. carpenteri n. sp. and D. spariformis, the distribution pattern of these species may follow a similar pattern to that of the deepwater congeneric trichiurids (Burhanuddin et al. 2002; Burhanuddin and Iwatsuki 2003; Chakraborty et al. 2005) in the Southern Hemisphere. For example, Trichiuris nikolensis in northwestern Australia, and T. australis in northeastern Australia, exhibit a boundary zone around the Gulf of Carpentaria. Species in both Dentex and Trichiurus are known to be basically benthic and deep-sea inhabiting species strongly connected with a continental shelf (Nakamura and Parin 1993 for Trichiurus) and are not strong swimmers (e.g. like species of the carangid genus Seriola). They may therefore exhibit similar distributional boundaries. In the Northern Hemisphere, Dentex species have a clearly allopatric distribution in the East Asian Shelf (D. abei and D. hypselosomus), while in the Southern Hemisphere, an allopatric distribution may also be evident (D. carpentari n. sp. from Western Australia, D. spariformis from northern and northeastern Australia and D. fourmanoiri from New Caledonia; fig. 5 of Iwatsuki et al. 2007 and this study). Mohsin and Ambak (2010; plate 270) recently reported Dentex angolensis from Sabah, Borneo (off Kota Kinabalu and Sandakan), Malaysia (M. A. bin Ambak pers. comm.). Dentex angolensis is known to be distributed in the Eastern Atlantic, and is unlikely to be an Indo-Pacific species. The reported specimen may be D. carpenteri n. sp. based on the posterior margin of the upper jaw in the photographed specimen clearly not extending beyond a vertical at the anterior margin of the eye. The Malaysian specimens of Dentex need further examination. Phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic tree (mitochondrial 16 S ribosomal RNA genes, 545 bp) has the clade of Dentex carpenteri n. sp. included in a clade of D. spariformis and D. fourmanoiri, all of the Southern Hemisphere. As this clade includes D. carpenteri n. sp., it clearly demonstrates that each species is distinct (Fig. 4). In overall body appearance D. carpenteri n. sp. is most similar to that of D. spariformis, which is known from off northern and eastern Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, and New South Wales; fig. 5 of Iwatsuki et al. 2007). Chiba et al. (2009; figs. 2−3) reported a gene tree for eastern Atlantic Dentex species (Dentex angolensis, D. maroccanus, D. macrophthalmus, plus Spicara alta) and westen Pacific Dentex species (D. abei, D. hypselosomus, and D. spariformis), with different clades within the same monophyletic group, supporting a previous study of the two sparids (Dentex hypselosomus and Spicara alta) by Orrell & Carpenter (2004). However, Dentex dentex, D. gibbosus, D. canariensis, plus Cheimerius nufar were more distinct and formed a different clade in the tree of Chiba et al. (2009; figs. 2−3). Discernible morphological differences in the cranium among the three groups has been detected (Tanaka and Iwatsuki pers. obs.), and further work on the generic definition of the genera, Dentex, Cheimerius, and Spicara is urgently required so as to understand interrelationships within these Sparidae. A new insight on sparid phylogeny is possible if all known species can be examined and further genetic analysis of complete mitochondrial DNA and greater regions of nuclear DNA are undertaken, in association with detailed morphological studies, which included all previous sparid work (Akazaki 1962; Carpenter and Johnson 2002; Day 2002).Published as part of Iwatsuki, Yukio, Newman, Stephen J. & Russell, Barry C., 2015, Dentex carpenteri, a new species of deepwater seabream from Western Australia (Pisces: Sparidae), pp. 109-119 in Zootaxa 3957 (1) on pages 111-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/23363
CR1 Knops blood group alleles are not associated with severe malaria in the Gambia
No full textThe Knops blood group antigen erythrocyte polymorphisms have been associated with reduced falciparum malaria-based in vitro rosette formation (putative malaria virulence factor). Having previously identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human complement receptor 1 (CR1/CD35) gene underlying the Knops antithetical antigens Sl1/Sl2 and McC(a)/McC(b), we have now performed genotype comparisons to test associations between these two molecular variants and severe malaria in West African children living in the Gambia. While SNPs associated with Sl:2 and McC(b+) were equally distributed among malaria-infected children with severe malaria and control children not infected with malaria parasites, high allele frequencies for Sl 2 (0.800, 1,365/1,706) and McC(b) (0.385, 658/1706) were observed. Further, when compared to the Sl 1/McC(a) allele observed in all populations, the African Sl 2/McC(b) allele appears to have evolved as a result of positive selection (modified Nei-Gojobori test Ka-Ks/s.e.=1.77, P-valu
FIGURE 1. Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848 in Validity of Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848 and redescriptions of P. waigiensis Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828 and Hypopterus macropterus (Günther 1859) in the family Latidae (Perciformes) from the Indo-West Pacific
No full textFIGURE 1. Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848 (A–B) and Psammoperca waigiensis (C). A, NTM S.16708-077, Neotype, 138 mm SL, Bullocky Point Reef, Darwin, Northern Territory; B, WAM P. 344852-001, 204 mm SL, Carnarvon Harbour, Western Australia; C, MUFS 43427, 241 mm SL, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Is., Japan.Published as part of Iwatsuki, Yukio, Newman, Stephen J., Tanaka, Fumiya & Russell, Barry C., 2018, Validity of Psammoperca datnioides Richardson 1848 and redescriptions of P. waigiensis Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1828 and Hypopterus macropterus (Günther 1859) in the family Latidae (Perciformes) from the Indo-West Pacific, pp. 467-486 in Zootaxa 4402 (3) on page 474, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4402.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/120969
Quantum and its irreducible representations
No full textWe define for real a unital -algebra
quantizing the universal enveloping
-algebra of . The -algebra
is realized as a -subalgebra of the
Drinfeld double of and its dual Hopf -algebra
, generated by the equatorial Podle\'s sphere coideal
-subalgebra of and
its associated orthogonal coideal -subalgebra . We then classify all the irreducible
-representations of .Comment: 22 pages; author accepted manuscrip
Meissner effect and holographic dual for the Melvin–Kerr–Newman–Taub–NUT spacetimes
No full textAbstract We investigate correspondence between the Melvin–Kerr–Newman–Taub–NUT spacetime, and the conformal field theory. The near horizon geometry of extremal Melvin–Kerr–Newman–Taub–NUT spacetime possesses the S L 2 , R × U 1 isometry, which allows one to employ the asymptotic symmetry group method, in establishing the holographic correspondence for the spacetime. We also use the alternative way of the stretched horizon method, to compute the extremal entropy of the black hole. We find perfect agreement between the results of asymptotic symmetry group and the stretched horizon methods, to establish the holography for the extremal Melvin–Kerr–Newman–Taub–NUT black hole. The black hole Meissner effect for the Melvin–Kerr–Taub–NUT black hole is also discussed
Meissner effect and holographic dual for the Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetimes
No full textWe investigate correspondence between the Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime, and the conformal field theory. The near horizon geometry of extremal Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime possesses the isometry, which allows one to employ the asymptotic symmetry group method, in establishing the holographic correspondence for the spacetime. We also use the alternative way of the stretched horizon method, to compute the extremal entropy of the black hole. We find perfect agreement between the results of asymptotic symmetry group and the stretched horizon methods, to establish the holography for the extremal Melvin-Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT black hole. The black hole Meissner effect for the Melvin-Kerr-Taub-NUT black hole is also discussed.v4: revisions added, mathces published version; v3: a discussion for Meissner effect is added; v2: an appendix is added, a Maple file for Einstein equations calculations with GRTensor package is provided; v1: 18 pages, no figur
On the sheaf-theoretic SL(2, C) Casson–Lin invariant
No full textWe prove that the (τ-weighted, sheaf-theoretic) SL(2, C) Casson–Lin invariant introduced by Manolescu and the first author is generically independent of the parameter τ and additive under connected sums of knots in integral homology 3-spheres. This addresses two questions asked by Manolescu and the first author. Our arguments involve a mix of topology and algebraic geometry, and rely crucially on the fact that the SL(2, C) Casson–Lin invariant admits an alternative interpretation via the theory of Behrend functions.</p
Candidatus Rhetoricae (or Novus Candidatus).
No full textThis little book is a find whatever it finally turns out to be! For now it seems to be a Jesuit collegium text in rhetoric following the Progymnasmata of Aphthonius. If one works from the back of the book, there is an apparently independent 48-page work, Angelus Pacis by Nicolas Caussini (Latinized name), S.J. The rest of the book seems to be a commentary on or presentation of Aphthonius' Progymnasmata in 3 parts covering 435 pages, followed by a T of C and an AI, which is often one page off. Pars II is titled Rhetoricae Praecepta, Pars III De Panegyrico seu Laudatione. Pars I seems to be Apparatus ad Fabulam et Narrationem. Fable is handled on 15-31. After the famous Greek definition of Theion done into Latin ( sermo falsus veritatem effingens ), the author distinguishes rational (human) and moral (animal) fables, with mixed fables including both. He holds (19) that the sense of the fable generally needs to be expressed; otherwise people often miss the point of a fable. His Latin for promythium is praefabulatio, for epimythium affabulatio. Apologus and parabola are identical for him with fabula. After describing the qualities and uses of fables, the author presents some nine fables that exemplify various levels of style, twice telling the same stories on two levels (WL and FC). The last example is of the florid style: The Silkworm and the Spider takes four pages to tell! I found this book sitting in a box of disparate, unmarked, old books. It pays to look!This is a hardbound book (hard cover)Language note: Bilingual: Greek/LatinElzevers
Searches for New Physics effects in b →sl-sl+ transitions
No full textThe dissertation aims at presenting the current situation in the measurements of electroweak
penguin diagrams dominated decays: b → sl−l+1 . These decays have been a smoking gun
for hunting for New Physics effects over many years, but in the last three years the research
on these phenomena has intensified due to new measurements. Enormous progress has
been made both on the theoretical and the experimental sides to understand the measured
deviations from the current Standard Model predictions, referred to in what follows as
“anomalies”. The author of this dissertation has been one of the main authors of the angular analysis
of B0→ K∗ 0µ+µ− decay in the LHCb experiment, which has been widely regarded as one
of the most important results of the flavour physics sector in recent years. He has proposed
a method called “the method of moments” to measure the angular terms of this decay,
which he has later successfully applied in the measurement itself. Moreover, he has been
the driving force behind the two other important analyses in LHCb: the measurement of
the angular distribution and branching ratio of the B0→ K∗ 0 (1430)µ+µ− decay, where again the method of moments has been used to obtain the angular coefficients, and the search for the light scalar particle that can be produced in the b → s transitions and that decays to a dimuon pair. In this case no signal has been observed and the upper limits on the branching fraction have been set, later to be used for constraining the inflaton model.
The dissertation is organized as follows: the brief introduction is followed by, the second
chapter devoted to a theoretical description of rare B decays, where the effective field
theory formalism is introduced. Furthermore, the author discusses the current theoretical
problems in calculating the Standard Model predictions for the b → sl−l+ processes. Last but not least, the optimised angular observables that are less dependent on the form
factors uncertainness are derived. The third chapter describes the experimental apparatus
used in the b → sl−l+ measurements. Special focus is put on the sub-detectors that play
an important role in the studies of b → sl−l+ transitions. Chapters 4, 5, 6 are devoted to
describing the data analyses performed by the author in the LHCb experiment. In Chapter 7
the global analysis of electroweak penguin decays is presented. This kind of global analysis
has become extremely popular in the past few years as it helps to constrain and pin down those New Physics models that are likely to be responsible for the observed anomalies. The
author of this monograph is involved in one of the biggest collaborations performing New
Physics fits, where he is the convenor of the Flavour Working group. Furthermore, the
author presents his own study on separating the long distance effects in the B0→ K∗ 0µ+µ−decay. This is the state of the art way of determining those contributions. The chapter ends with a description of possible New Physics models that can explain the observed discrepancies
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