1,721,158 research outputs found
Osteoarthritis in dogs and cats
No full textOsteoarthritis is a common orthopaedic problem in dogs and cats. It is a degenerative disease with an inflammatory modification. Many causes of osteoarthrosis are known, all of which disturb joint homeostasis. In most cases, the clinical presentation and diagnosis is straightforward. The therapy of osteoarthrosis consists of appropriate surgical techniques, pain reduction, chondroprotection, weight management and physiotherapy
Serum Concentrations of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1), 26S Proteasome (26S PSM), and 3-Methylhistidine (3-MH) in Cats with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
No full textBackground: Cardiomyopathies not only affect the cardiovascular system but can also have systemic implications. Despite their significance, only a few laboratory parameters are currently used to describe the metabolic effects of cardiomyopathies. This study aimed to explore a potential link between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and serum IGF-1, 26S PSM, and 3-MH concentrations in cats. Materials and Methods: Serum IGF-1, 26S PSM, and 3-MH concentrations were measured using ELISA in cats diagnosed with HCM (n = 27; 13 cats in category B1 + B2 and 14 cats in category C + D) and compared with those of a healthy control group (n = 35). Additionally, these parameters were analyzed in relation to various morphological factors assessed via echocardiography in affected cats. Results: Cats with HCM exhibited elevated median serum IGF-1 and 3-MH concentrations compared to the control group, suggesting metabolic alterations. While 26S PSM levels did not differ significantly, 3-MH concentrations showed a non-significant tendency to higher serum concentrations in cats categorized as C–D than in those classified as B1–B2. Conclusions: These findings suggest a potential interplay between HCM and protein metabolism in cats, highlighting the relevance of metabolic biomarkers in understanding disease progression
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratios in dogs and cats with acute pancreatitis
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Nematophagous fungi as biological control agents of parasitic nematodes in soils of wildlife parks
No full texthttp://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002765 Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und TechnologieOpen-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
Investigations of Procalcitonin, Interleukin-8 and Defensin-β in Dogs with Superficial and Deep Pyoderma
No full textBackground: Canine pyoderma is a common bacterial skin disease that can be classified as superficial or deep and is associated with inflammatory processes. Systemic inflammatory biomarkers such as procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and beta-defensin-2 (Defb2) may reflect immune activation; however, their diagnostic and clinical relevance in canine pyoderma remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Serum concentrations of PCT, IL-8, and Defb2 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in healthy control dogs (group 1, n = 40), dogs with superficial pyoderma (group 2a, n = 16), and dogs with deep pyoderma (group 3a, n = 7). A subset of dogs with superficial pyoderma (group 2b, n = 12) was re-evaluated after clinical remission. Biomarker concentrations were statistically compared between groups and over time. Results: Dogs with superficial and deep pyoderma exhibited significantly higher serum concentrations of PCT and IL-8 compared to healthy controls, whereas Defb2 concentrations were significantly reduced in both disease groups. No statistically significant differences were detected between superficial and deep pyoderma for any of the biomarkers, although IL-8 showed a trend toward higher concentrations in dogs with deep pyoderma (p = 0.07). Follow-up examinations after clinical improvement revealed no significant changes in biomarker concentrations. Conclusions: Canine pyoderma is associated with measurable systemic inflammatory alterations, characterized by increased serum concentrations of PCT and IL-8 and decreased Defb2 levels, irrespective of disease depth. The lack of biomarker normalization following clinical remission suggests that systemic inflammatory responses may persist beyond visible clinical healing. While these biomarkers may provide complementary information on inflammatory activity, their utility for monitoring treatment response appears limited
Interleukin-6 as a prognostic marker in dogs in an intensive care unit
No full textBackgroundInterleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in the acute phase reaction during inflammatory disease, including septicemia and the inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). In people, IL-6 has been studied as a prognostic marker in intensive care medicine, where nonsurvivors had significantly higher IL-6 concentrations than survivors. ObjectivesThe objective of the study was to investigate the prognostic value of IL-6 in dogs admitted to the intensive care unit based on sensitivity and specificity. MethodsDogs suffering from different severe diseases treated in the intensive care unit were divided into 2 groups of survivors and nonsurvivors. Serum IL-6 concentrations were measured with a canine-specific ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kit. ResultsSixty-nine dogs were included in the study, including 20 survivors, 9 nonsurvivors, and 40 control dogs. In the control group, IL-6 serum concentrations were below the detection level (0pg/mL). In the group of nonsurviving dogs, IL-6 ranged from 45-4656pg/mL (median 1398pg/mL). The surviving dogs had a range of 0-405pg/mL (median 84.5pg/mL). The mean IL-6 concentration was significantly higher (P<.001) in nonsurvivors than in survivors. Using a cutoff of 400pg/mL, a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 95% were determined. ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that IL-6 is a useful prognostic marker for canine critical care patients with acute internal disease
Reference Interval of Hemoglobin A1c and Influence of Hematological Parameters on Its Serum Concentration in Dogs
No full textHbA1c could be an alternative to fructosamine as a marker for glucose levels over a longer period. In this study, we calculated a reference interval for HbA1c in dogs and investigated the correlation of HbA1c with hemoglobin and different hematological parameters. In total, 110 blood samples from dogs were investigated. Significant negative correlations were found between HbA1c and erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, as well as hematocrit. There was a tendency in the red cell distribution width. No significant correlation was found in the reticulocyte number and the erythrocyte indices. In conclusion, there is an association of different blood parameters with the HbA1c concentration, which have to be considered for the interpretation of HbA1c
Wind-borne dispersion of Echinococcus multilocularis eggs – a flight model
No full textAbstract The alveolar hydatid disease, also known as alveolar echinococcosis, of humans is certainly one of the most dangerous zoonoses worldwide. The disease is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis – the fox tapeworm. Red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) are currently counted as the most important carriers (reservoirs) of E. multilocularis in the Northern Hemisphere. The possible routes of infection of E. multilocularis to humans are complex and still require research. Until now, it has been unknown whether E. multilocularis eggs can be moved by wind at all. This analysis shows, based on calculations, that E. multilocularis eggs can be transported by wind. Using a mathematical model, flight distances depending on wind speed and take-off heights are calculated for dense and less dense (coniferous) forest areas. The results – differentiated for seasons and as overall average – are based on mean values of wind speeds which were measured over a ten-year period in an experimental forest stand in the Solling (Germany). Due to their rate of descent, wind-related spreading of E. multilocularis eggs is possible. The average flight distance covered by E. multilocularis eggs in forest areas, depending on their starting altitude and wind speed, is between approximately 1.3 m and approximately 17 m. From the mathematical point of view, the wind factor can definitely be seen as one of the multiple vectors associated with environmental contamination by E. multilocularis eggs. Consequently, the possible wind-borne spread of E. multilocularis eggs poses an infection risk to humans that should be considered and requires further research
Development of a lateral-flow assay for rapid detection of parasitic nematodes
No full textOpen-Access-Publikationsfonds 202
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