178 research outputs found
What makes you choose the food you eat?
No full textA student-friendly adaptation of:
Food choice in transition: adolescent autonomy, agency, and the food environment
Neufeld, Lynnette M et al.The Lancet, Volume 399, Issue 10320, 185 - 197
Researchers investigated what adolescents eat worldwide and what factors influence these food choices. </p
Role of milk and dairy products in growth of the child
No full textCow's milk and dairy products intake increase linear growth in children and result in increased adult stature. This is supported by observational and intervention studies mainly from low- and middle-income countries. However, recent reviews primarily based on studies from well-nourished populations question the relation. The probable effects seem to be mediated by insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin and to be more pronounced during periods of high growth velocity. Several components of cow's milk are suggested to stimulate growth: a high protein quality, bioavailable minerals that are important for growth, and perhaps lactose. Higher adult stature is associated with both positive and negative health effects. Growth stimulation is important in populations with undernutrition, but in well-nourished populations, it might not be important. A high intake of cow's milk and thereby a high protein intake early in life can increase the risk of later overweight and obesity, while a high protein intake later in childhood seems to be associated with a lower BMI later in childhood. A high dairy intake can limit the diversity of the diet and result in iron deficiency. Therefore, milk intake should not exceed 500 mL/day in young children. Most products for the treatment of undernutrition include dairy protein because of the well-documented effects on growth and recovery. However, as dairy is an expensive ingredient, the amount needed and the effects of alternative plant-based protein sources are considered.</p
Global Landscape of Nutrition Challenges in Infants and Children
No full textPediatric nutrition - Challenges and environmental impactsMalnutrition among children remains a persistent problem around the world. This publication aims to map the challenges within the global landscape of childhood nutrition and considers the importance of nutrition both prior to conception and in children beyond two years of age.Session I provides an updated picture of malnutrition around the world, the recent progress that has been made in eliminating malnutrition in all its forms and several data limitations to track such progress. The role of milk in early life is covered in session II. The chapters describe different aspects of cow’s milk and the possible role of optimized plant proteins as an alternative to dairy ingredients in treating children with severe acute malnutrition. Session III considers the ramifications of environmental constraints to healthy child growth. The chapters cover the issue of how persistent gut damage and systemic inflammation can precipitate malnutrition as well as the putative effects of alterations in the gut microbiota.This overview of diverse issues is relevant to the epidemiology, biology of nutrition in early life, programmatic implications, and future directions.<br/
Programme, policies, people: the interaction between Bosnian refugees and British society
Get PDFThis thesis analyses the situation of refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina that arrived in Britain as part of an organised programme. It represents a contribution towards the theoretical understanding of refugees, and develops and refines the theories of other authors. The author used field research methods based on techniques developed in ethnographic studies to generate empirical evidence on the social organisation of Bosnian refugees in Britain. Throughout the thesis it is argued that the situation of the refugees can only be understood through an examination of the influences affecting the refugees, before, during, and after their arrival in Britain.
At every stage of the refugees' experience, control over the course of their lives has been taken away from the refugees. The war that took place in Bosnia-Herzegovina became constructed as an ethnic conflict, although there was no strong Muslim identification before the war. The programme removed options over country and place of residence, and created a measure of dependency. Longer term policies of community development, originally designed to meet the perceived needs of labour migrants, have been directed towards the refugees and imposed a model of organisation. Combined with temporary protected status, this has removed control from the refugees and prevented the formation of a new collective or individual positive life project.
Refugees from Bosnia-Herzegovina represent a new type of refugee in Joly's typology. This is a type of refugee that had no collective project in the country of origin, and also no collective project in the country of exile, and that is unable to make a decision on return because of the constraints around them
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