1,721,006 research outputs found
Identification of BOLD engine deficiencies and suggestions for improvement based on a curated Tachina (Diptera) record set
No full textThe increasing number of Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) records per species and genus leads to contradictory species assignments within Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), serving as identifiers for the BOLD ID engine. To examine these issues, we analyzed a dataset comprising original and curated BOLD records for the genus Tachina (Insecta: Tachinidae), based on a previous publication. This dataset included both published and private records. We were able to assess the performance of the BOLD engine’s species determination algorithm, Refined Single Linkage (RESL), and compare it to Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP). Additionally, we investigated the usage of BINs by the BOLD v4 ID engine. Our analysis confirmed that BOLD queries primarily rely on BINs for species identification, although some cases deviated from this pattern, resulting in species matches inconsistent with the assigned BIN species. ASAP was found to be superior to RESL due to RESL’s adherence to the concept of the DNA barcoding gap. Moreover, we found that taxonomic misassignments, inconsistencies in BIN formation, and missing metadata also contribute significantly to unreliable identifications. These problems appear to stem from both algorithmic limitations and deficiencies in submission and post-submission processes. Moreover, we noted that the default mode of the BOLD v4 ID engine integrates both private and published data, leading to public records based solely on COI-based identifications. However, this issue may now be mitigated, as the BOLD v5 ID engine default mode exclusively employs published data. To enhance BOLD’s reliability, we propose improvements to submission and post-submission processes. Without such amendments, the accumulation of contradictory species assignments within BINs will continue to rise and the reliability of specimen identification by BOLD will decrease
FIGURES MG24–MG27. Male genitalia. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG24, Scythris sinensis (MIC6783); MG25, Altenia perspersella (MIC5351); MG26, Gnorimoschema jalavai (MIC5930); MG27, Scrobipalpa acuminatella (MIC5204). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES MG24–MG27. Male genitalia. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG24, Scythris sinensis (MIC6783); MG25, Altenia perspersella (MIC5351); MG26, Gnorimoschema jalavai (MIC5930); MG27, Scrobipalpa acuminatella (MIC5204).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
Figure 3. A in Identity of the ailanthus webworm moth (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae), a complex of two species: evidence from DNA barcoding, morphology and ecology
No full textFigure 3. A The original figure of Atteva punctella from Plate 372 in Stoll (1781). Th e illustration is 25 mm wide in the work B Phalaena Tinea punctella Stoll (= A. pustulella Fabricius), specimen USNCN- CLEP00056027 (USNM) C Atteva hysginiella, specimen CNCLEP00060122 (CNC) D A. zebra, specimen CNCLEP00056033 (USNM).Published as part of Wilson, John, Landry, Jean-François, Janzen, Daniel, Hallwachs, Winnie, Nazari, Vazrick, Hajibabaei, Mehrdad & Hebert, Paul, 2010, Identity of the ailanthus webworm moth (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae), a complex of two species: evidence from DNA barcoding, morphology and ecology, pp. 41-60 in ZooKeys 46 (46) on page 50, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.46.406, http://zenodo.org/record/57666
FIGURES NJ1–NJ6. Neighbor-joining trees. Scale bar = 1%. Blue circles indicate Nearctic specimens, red circles Palearctic specimens, and mixed circles indicate a combination of the two; diamonds indicate outgroups. In parentheses are numbers of specimens per node. NJ1, Scardia amurensis; NJ2, Triaxomera parasitella; NJ3, Nemapogon cloacella; NJ4, Elabotia montelliella; NJ5, Tinea svenssoni; NJ6, Caloptilia suberinella. in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES NJ1–NJ6. Neighbor-joining trees. Scale bar = 1%. Blue circles indicate Nearctic specimens, red circles Palearctic specimens, and mixed circles indicate a combination of the two; diamonds indicate outgroups. In parentheses are numbers of specimens per node. NJ1, Scardia amurensis; NJ2, Triaxomera parasitella; NJ3, Nemapogon cloacella; NJ4, Elabotia montelliella; NJ5, Tinea svenssoni; NJ6, Caloptilia suberinella.Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES NJ17–NJ19, NJ21. Neighbor-joining trees. Scale bar = 1%. Blue circles indicate Nearctic specimens, red circles Palearctic specimens, and mixed circles indicate a combination of the two; diamonds indicate outgroups. In parentheses are numbers of specimens per node. NJ17, Agonopterix conterminella. NJ18, Depressaria depressana; NJ19, Coleophora atriplicis; NJ21, Coleophora granulatella. in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES NJ17–NJ19, NJ21. Neighbor-joining trees. Scale bar = 1%. Blue circles indicate Nearctic specimens, red circles Palearctic specimens, and mixed circles indicate a combination of the two; diamonds indicate outgroups. In parentheses are numbers of specimens per node. NJ17, Agonopterix conterminella. NJ18, Depressaria depressana; NJ19, Coleophora atriplicis; NJ21, Coleophora granulatella.Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES FG14–FG19. Female genitalia, ventral aspect. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. FG14, Blastobasis glandulella (MIC6604); FG15, Blastobasis maroccanella (DAdamski6068); FG16, Blastobasis tarda (MIC5832); FG17, Agonopteryx conterminella (USNM130226); FG18, Depressaria depressana (MIC5961); FG19, Coleophora atriplicis (MIC6210). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES FG14–FG19. Female genitalia, ventral aspect. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. FG14, Blastobasis glandulella (MIC6604); FG15, Blastobasis maroccanella (DAdamski6068); FG16, Blastobasis tarda (MIC5832); FG17, Agonopteryx conterminella (USNM130226); FG18, Depressaria depressana (MIC5961); FG19, Coleophora atriplicis (MIC6210).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES FG1–FG5. Female genitalia, ventral aspect. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. FG1a, Scardia amurensis (JFL1702, inset = 8th abdominal tergum); FG1b, Scardia anatomella (MIC6097, inset = 8th abdominal tergum); FG2, Triaxomera parasitella (MIC6619); FG3, Nemapogon cloacella (MIC6618); FG4, Elatobia montelliella (MIC6792); FG5, Tinea svenssoni (USNM130227). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES FG1–FG5. Female genitalia, ventral aspect. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. FG1a, Scardia amurensis (JFL1702, inset = 8th abdominal tergum); FG1b, Scardia anatomella (MIC6097, inset = 8th abdominal tergum); FG2, Triaxomera parasitella (MIC6619); FG3, Nemapogon cloacella (MIC6618); FG4, Elatobia montelliella (MIC6792); FG5, Tinea svenssoni (USNM130227).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES MG16–MG19. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 200µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG16, Blastobasis tarda (MIC5831); MG17, Agonopterix conterminella (MIC5361); MG18, Depressaria depressana (MIC6212); MG19, Coleophora atriplicis (MIC6208). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES MG16–MG19. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 200µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG16, Blastobasis tarda (MIC5831); MG17, Agonopterix conterminella (MIC5361); MG18, Depressaria depressana (MIC6212); MG19, Coleophora atriplicis (MIC6208).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES MG1–MG5. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG1a, Scardia amurensis (JFL1701); MG1b, Scardia anatomella (MIC6059); MG2, Triaxomera parasitella (MIC5366); MG3, Nemapogon cloacella (MIC5376); MG4, Elatobia montelliella (MIC6791); MG5, Tinea svenssoni (MIC5577, inset = magnification of internal phallic structures; scale bar = 50µm). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES MG1–MG5. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 500µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG1a, Scardia amurensis (JFL1701); MG1b, Scardia anatomella (MIC6059); MG2, Triaxomera parasitella (MIC5366); MG3, Nemapogon cloacella (MIC5376); MG4, Elatobia montelliella (MIC6791); MG5, Tinea svenssoni (MIC5577, inset = magnification of internal phallic structures; scale bar = 50µm).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
FIGURES MG11–MG15. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 200µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG11, Plutella hyperboreella (MIC6191); MG12, Lyonetia pulverulentella (MIC6630); MG13a, Oegoconia deauratella (MIC6771); MG13b, Oegoconia novimundi (MIC5423); MG14, Blastobasis glandulella (MIC6603); MG15, Blastobasis maroccanella (DAdamski6067). in Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology
No full textFIGURES MG11–MG15. Male genitalia. Scale bar = 200µm. Genitalia slide numbers in parentheses. MG11, Plutella hyperboreella (MIC6191); MG12, Lyonetia pulverulentella (MIC6630); MG13a, Oegoconia deauratella (MIC6771); MG13b, Oegoconia novimundi (MIC5423); MG14, Blastobasis glandulella (MIC6603); MG15, Blastobasis maroccanella (DAdamski6067).Published as part of Landry, Jean-François, Nazari, Vazrick, Dewaard, Jeremy R., Mutanen, Marko, Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, Huemer, Peter & Hebert, Paul D.N., 2013, Shared but overlooked: 30 species of Holarctic Microlepidoptera revealed by DNA barcodes and morphology, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 3749 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3749.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/527185
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