124,444 research outputs found
Aconurella paraerebus Naveed & Zhang 2018, sp. n.
No full textAconurella paraerebus, sp. n. (Fig. 3; Plate I, G–I) Length. Male: 2.1–2.8mm; female: 2.9mm. Dark brown to ochraceous (Plate I: G). Head broader than pronotum. Vertex black with yellowish spots at posterior margin. Pronotum shiny black, laterally carinate. Scutellum black with lateral yellow margins. Ocelli prominent, at anterior margin (Plate I: G–H). Frontoclypeus dark with black striae and yellow spots, anteclypeus dark brown with lateral yellowish spots (Plate I: I). Forewing macropterous. Genitalia. Pygofer with darkly sclerotized part on posteroventral margin less than its half, with sparse spinules, dorsoapical margin with 3–4 macrosetae (Figure 3: A). Pair of spinular bunches present near the anal tube base. Connective Y-shaped with arms slightly close together distally (Figure 3: C). Subgenital plates with 2 macrosetae, equal or slightly longer than pygofer (Figure 3: B). Style with well developed claw-like apophysis, inner process longer than outer process, wide apart (Figure 3: D); with preapical tooth laterally (Fig. 3H). Aedeagus as shown in figure (Figure 3: E–F). Type material. Holotype: ♂, PAKISTAN, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kaghan, 2500m, 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed. Paratypes: 2♂, 1♀, same data as holotype. Etymology. “ Para ” means “similar” and we have named this new species paraerebus since it is very similar to “ A. erebus ”. PLATE I. Aconurella prolixa (Matsumura). A: habitus, dorsal view; B: habitus, lateral view C: face. Aconurella erebus (Distant). D: habitus, dorsal view; E: habitus, lateral view F: face. Aconurella paraerebus sp. n. G: habitus, dorsal view; H: habitus, lateral view I: face. Aconurella naranensis sp. n. J: habitus, dorsal view; K: habitus, lateral view L: face. Remarks. This species is similar to A. erebus in having the pygofer side with darkly sclerotized part occupying less than half its length and a patch of spinules present near the anal tube base. This species can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters: subgenital plates as long as or slightly longer than pygofer, with only two macrosetae near apex.Published as part of Naveed, Hassan & Zhang, Yalin, 2018, Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Aconurella Ribaut (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) from Pakistan with description of three new species in Zootaxa 4418 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/124250
Aconurella naranensis Naveed & Zhang 2018, sp. n.
No full text<i>Aconurella naranensis,</i> sp. n. <p>(Fig. 4; Plate I, J–L)</p> <p>Length. Male: 1.7–2.4mm.</p> <p>Greenish ochraceous (Plate I: J). Head slightly broader than pronotum. Vertex with central black marking, two black spots at posterior margin. Ocelli at anterior margin (Plate I: K). Pronotum with dark brown spots. Scutellum with Two dark brown spots anteriorly. Eyes grey. Antennae moderately long (Plate I: J, L). Face dark with brown markings (Plate I: L). Forewing macropterous; subhyaline; with prominent brown veins.</p> <p> <b>Genitalia.</b> Pygofer with darkly sclerotized part on posteroventral margin more than its half, with sparse spinules, dorsoapical margin with 5–6 dark macrosetae (Figure 4: A). Spinular dark serration present near the anal tube base. Connective Y-shaped with arms slightly close together distally (Figure 4: C). Subgenital plate with 6 macrosetae, smaller than pygofer (Figure 4: B). Style apophysis with a bump, digitate anteriorly (Figure 4: D, E), inner process longer than outer process, wide apart (Figure 4: D). Aedeagal shaft gently curved dorsally (Figure 4: F).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: ♂, PAKISTAN, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Naran, 2500m, 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed. Paratypes: 2♂, same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species can be distinguished from the other species in this genus by the following features: smaller in size; scutellum with two dark brown spots anteriorly; darkly sclerotized part of pygofer more than half length; pygofer dorsoapical margin with 5–6 long setae; style apophysis serrate with preapical tooth; subgenital plates shorter than pygofer.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> This specific name “ naranensis ” indicates the type locality in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province.</p>Published as part of <i>Naveed, Hassan & Zhang, Yalin, 2018, Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Aconurella Ribaut (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Chiasmini) from Pakistan with description of three new species in Zootaxa 4418 (1)</i>, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4418.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1242507">http://zenodo.org/record/1242507</a>
Stirellus mankiensis Shah & Naveed & Duan 2020, sp. n.
No full textStirellus mankiensis Shah & Duan sp. n. (Figs 9 –10) Measurement. Male: 3.80–4.00mm; female: 5.00mm. Coloration and morphology. General color greyish brown (Fig. 9 A–B). Surface of crown, pronotum and scutellum pale to yellowish brown (Fig. 9A, 9C). Crown with brown spots on each side of median vertical suture (Fig. 9A, 9C). Pronotum, mesonotum and scutellum with yellowish brown to dark brownish spots (Fig. 9A, 9C). Eye tinged with yellow and blackish spots. Face yellowish, frontoclypeus with transverse brownish streaks (Fig. 9D). Apical margin of gena as well as anteclypeus dark brown (Fig. 9B, 9D). Forewing with numerous small irregular greyish brown spots, whitish to yellowish brown venation, with costal margin yellow (Fig. 9 A–B). Legs yellowish with brown spots. Crown broader than pronotum, slightly longer than breadth between eyes (Fig. 9A, 9C). Crown with anterior margin slightly upturned in lateral view, moderately produced (Fig. 9A, 9C). Ocelli on margin next to eyes (Fig. 9 A–C). Face as long as broad (Fig. 9D). Anteclypeus parallel-sided, extending slightly beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 9D). Pronotum median length slightly shorter than median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum shorter than pronotum (Fig. 9A, 9C). Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe broad basally with apex truncate (Fig. 10A). Pygofer side with two macrosetae dorsally (Fig. 10A). Subgenital plate slightly concave laterally, macrosetae not uniseriate laterally (Fig. 10B). Valve triangular (Fig. 10B). Style narrow with digitate apophysis, laterally curved (Fig. 10B). Connective Y-shaped with arms well separated, stem longer than arms (Fig. 10C). Aedeagal shaft in lateral view bent near base, long, slender, parallel to aedeagal base slightly sinuate, tip pointed, gonopore apical (Fig. 10 D–E). Female genitalia. Female seventh sternum as shown in Fig. 9E. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Manki, 34°0′34.5096 N, 72°19′44.4432 E, Sweeping hand net, 20 August 2019, coll. Bismillah Shah. Paratypes: 10♂♂, 2♀♀, same data as holotype. Etymology. The species epithet “mankiensis indicates the type locality Manki in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Remarks. The species can be distinguished from other species of Stirellus by its distinct external appearance and crown with anterior margin slightly bulbous. This species somewhat resembles Stirellus neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang in aedeagal structure but can readily be differentiated by other genital characters like subgenital plates with macrosetae not uniseriate and connective stem longer than arms, also extremely different from them in external appearance.Published as part of Shah, Bismillah, Naveed, Hassan & Duan, Yani, 2020, Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Stirellus Osborn & Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from Pakistan with description of a new species, pp. 189-202 in Zootaxa 4763 (2) on pages 198-200, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4763.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/375820
Hecalus erectus Naveed & Zhang 2018, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Hecalus erectus,</i> sp. nov. <p>(Fig. 1A–H; Plate IA–C)</p> <p>Length. Male: 5.8–6.3mm; female: 7.5–7.8mm.</p> <p> <b>Colouration and Morphology:</b> Yellowish green in colour (Plate IA). Crown and face with submarginal fuscous lines (Plate IC). Eyes with orange colour (Plate IB). Pronotum yellowish. Scutellum with one longitudinal yellowish fuscous line in middle. Forewings subhyaline and hindwings hyaline. Forewings with black spot at end of clavus. Crown subangularly produced; broadly triangular with a dorsal marginal ridge. Ocelli on margin next to eyes. Genae strongly sinuate below eyes. Pronotum as wide as head, laterally carinate. (Plate IA).</p> <p> <b>Genitalia</b>: Pygofer lobe abruptly narrowed medially, subacute apically, heavily setose in posterior half (Fig. 1A). Valve broadly triangular. Subgenital plates elongate, broad basally, tapered apically with 5–6 submarginal setae (Fig. 1D). Connective “Y”-shaped with small and broad stem, as broad as long (Fig. 1C); lateral arms wide apart. Style with pointed, claw-shaped apophysis, anterior half with scales; preapical lobe poorly developed (Fig. 1B). Aedeagus with long dorsal apodeme (curved distally) (Fig. 1F). Aedeagal shaft laterally gradually compressed, tapered distad; broader at middle than at apex with pair of identical apical processes (Fig. 1E–F). Aedeagal shaft not smooth throughout, with pair of apical flares dorsally (Fig. 1E). Gonopore apical.</p> <p> <b>Type material:</b> Holotype: ♂, Pakistan, Punjab Prov., Lalian City, 21 May 2016, Coll. Hassan Naveed. Paratypes: 3♂, 3♀, same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This new species is very close to <i>H. ghaurii</i> Rao & Ramakrishnan, 1990 in having the pygofer lobe subacute apically and aedeagal shaft broad at middle and tapering at apex. But it differs in having the aedeagal shaft laterally gradually compressed; not smooth dorsally with lateral flares near apex. Style and connective shape are also different from <i>H. ghaurii</i> Rao & Ramakrishnan, 1990.</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> The term “ erectus ” refers to the apex of aedeagal shaft being straight.</p> <p> <b>PLATE I.</b> A–C. <i>Hecalus erectus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>; D–G. <i>Hecalus ghaurii</i> Rao and Ramakrishnan <b>n. rec</b>; H–J. <i>Hecalus muzaffarabadensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Naveed, Hassan & Zhang, Yalin, 2018, Review of the grass feeding leafhopper genus Hecalus Stål (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with description of four new species from Pakistan, pp. 580-590 in Zootaxa 4415 (3)</i> on pages 581-583, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.3.10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1242038">http://zenodo.org/record/1242038</a>
FIG. 3. Stirellus neoconvexus Naveed & Zhang. A–C in Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Stirellus Osborn & Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from Pakistan with description of a new species
No full textFIG. 3. Stirellus neoconvexus Naveed & Zhang. A–C: habitus, dorsal view; D: habitus, lateral view; E: head and thorax, dorsal view; F: face; G: end of female abdomen, ventral view; H: male pygofer, lateral view; I: male pygofer lobe, lateral view; J: male pygofer, dorsal view; K: subgenital plate, style and valve, dorsal view; L: connective; M: aedeagus, lateral view; N: aedeagus, dorsal view.Published as part of Shah, Bismillah, Naveed, Hassan & Duan, Yani, 2020, Taxonomic review of the leafhopper genus Stirellus Osborn & Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from Pakistan with description of a new species, pp. 189-202 in Zootaxa 4763 (2) on page 194, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4763.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/375820
Stirellus pakhtunensis Shah & Naveed & Duan 2020, sp. n.
No full textStirellus pakhtunensis Shah & Duan sp. n. (Fig. 3) Measurement. Male: 3.6mm. Description. Coloration. General color pale to greyish brown (Fig. 3 A–D). Crown with two spots near posterior margin (Fig. 3A, 3C). Pronotum and scutellum with two dark brown longitudinal stripes (Fig. 3A, 3C). Eye red, surrounded with yellow band (Fig. 3 A–D). Pronotum slightly darker (Fig. 3A, 3C). Scutellum yellowish brown. Forewing brownish with prominent white venation (Fig. 3 A–B). Morphology. Crown almost subequal to pronotum, almost as long as distance between eyes, anteriorly slightly angulate (Fig. 3A, 3C). Eye relatively large. Ocellus next to eye slightly below anterior margin of crown (Fig. 3B, 3D). Face as long as broad, with faded transverse markings near eyes (Fig. 3D). Pronotum median length nearly as long as median length of crown (Fig. 3A, 3C). Mesonotum and scutellum shorter than pronotum. Forewing macropterous; appendix distinctive, prolonged around wing apex; 4 apical and 3 anteapical cells, inner anteapical cell opened at base. (Fig. 3 A–B). Male genitalia. Pygofer lobe broad basally with apex truncate, without macrosetae (Fig. 3E). Subgenital plate slightly convex laterally, apically truncate, macrosetae not uniseriate laterally (Fig. 3F). Valve triangular. Styles narrow, apophysis digitate, slightly curved laterally (Fig. 3F). Connective with stem equal in length to arms (Fig. 3F). Aedeagal shaft long, geniculate basally, nearly parallel to aedeagal base, with preapical anterior expansion visible in lateral and dorsal views, apex pointed and slightly curved dorsad, gonopore apical (Fig. 3 G–H). Material examined. Holotype: Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: 1³, Manki, 34°0′34.5096 N, 73°19′44.4432 E, sweeping hand net, 20 August 2019, coll. Bismillah Shah. Distribution. Pakistan. Remarks. This species can be easily distinguished from other species in this genus by the distinctive external appearance. Etymology. This species is named for Pakhtun-khwa province in Pakistan where the type specimen has been collected.Published as part of Shah, Bismillah, Naveed, Hassan & Duan, Yani, 2020, A new species and four new records of Stirellus Osborn & Ball (Hemiptera Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Stenometopiini) from Pakistan with a revised key to species, pp. 398-410 in Zootaxa 4895 (3) on page 404, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/432682
Sustainable Manufacturing through Digital Multi-Material 3D Printing
No full textThe utilisation of three-dimensional (3D) printing has become a well-established method for fabricating structural components across various materials such as polymers, metals and ceramics. Within this domain, multi-material 3D printing emerges as a pivotal advancement, offering prospects for rapid manufacturing, customised design, and structural innovation. Particularly, the incorporation of recycled materials into multi-material printing holds promise for promoting sustainability and recyclability in manufacturing processes. By leveraging multi-material printing techniques and incorporating recycled materials, this study aims to advance the sustainability agenda within manufacturing practices while concurrently exploring avenues to enhance material performance for practical engineering applications. This study focuses on the multi-material printing of pure polylactic acid (PLA) alongside recycled polylactic acid (rPLA), employing fused deposition modelling (FDM) as a cost-effective 3D printing technique. The research aims to identify the optimal composition for achieving desired material properties by exploring different percentages and layer placements of recycled material in combination with pure PLA. Detailed analysis of the mechanical properties of these 3D printed components was conducted, with the experimental results further validated through analysis of variance. The results of this study emphasis the mechanical advantages associated with the utilisation of multi-material 3D printing techniques. Moreover, the incorporation of both PLA and rPLA materials highlights the potential sustainability benefits inherent in these approaches
Kolla insignis Distant 1908
No full textKolla insignis Distant, 1908 n. rec. Figs. 2 E–H, 4A–E Kolla insignis Distant, 1908: 223; Ishihara, 1971: 16; Young, 1986: 135 Length. Male: 6.1–6.3mm; female: 6.5mm. Material Examined. 2♂, Pakistan: Punjab, Murree Hills 2000m, 10 July 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed. 1♂, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad City, 737m, 4 July 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed. 1♂, 1♀, Naran 2500m, 19 July 2017, coll. Hassan Naveed. Remarks. This species can be distinguished by the vertex with two black spots connecting anteriorly, three angulate black spots in the center connected by oblique lines, pronotum black with a peculiar wavy transverse fascia anteriorly, scutellum with black spots at each basal angel, aedeagal shaft with lobes broad and process narrower than shaft. Distribution. China, India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, West Indonesia.Published as part of Naveed, Hassan & Zhang, Yalin, 2018, Newly recorded leafhoppers of the subfamily Cicadellinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with description of a new species from Pakistan, pp. 285-295 in Zootaxa 4504 (2) on pages 292-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/260631
FIGURE 3. Balclutha pararubrostriata RaO & Ramakrishnan n. rec. A in Review of the leafhopper tribe Macrostelini Kirkaldy (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) in Pakistan with description of a new species
No full textFIGURE 3. Balclutha pararubrostriata RaO & Ramakrishnan n. rec. A. genital capsule, lateral view; B. pygOfer appendage, lateral view; C. cOnnective, dOrsal view; D. aedeagus, dOrsal view; E. aedeagus, lateral view; F. valve, subgenital plate and style, dOrsal view; G. pygOfer appendage, ventral view.Published as part of Naveed, Hassan & Zhang, Yalin, 2018, Review of the leafhopper tribe Macrostelini Kirkaldy (Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) in Pakistan with description of a new species, pp. 257-273 in Zootaxa 4462 (2) on page 263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4462.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/144159
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