519 research outputs found

    The image of Krishna in the poems of Mīrā̃ Bāī

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    The paper by Tcvetkova S. O. “The image of Krishna in the poems of Mīrā̃ Bāī» deals with the problem of the religious ideas reflected in the poetical heritage of Mīrā̃ Bāī (1499–1547), the famous poetess and one of the most prominent exponents of the Krishna bhakti cult in Northern India. It is traditionally accepted that Mīrā̃ never was a member of any of the religious communities of her age nor was she a follower of any «earthy» religious preceptor, — it was the Lord Krishna by his own who became her “true teacher” (satgūru). The scholars nevertheless find in her verses-songs (bhajans) many traces of the probable influences from the part of some religious sects — namely the influence of the sermons of the Krishna-bhakti doctrines of Vallābhācārya (1478–1530) and Caitanya (1486–1533) as well as the teaching of the shaivite yogīs (nāthas). The image of beloved divine Krishna as depicted in the bhajans of Mīrā̃ can throw light to this question. Krishna is represented in her poetry in two main appearances: as Gopāl (the Herdsman), the iconic form traditionally accepted in Krishna-bhakti cult, and as an ascetic yogī (nātha). Analyzing the possible reasons of such an unexpected representation of Krishna as the latter in the bhajans of a Krishnaite devotee the author of this paper considers it to be due to the influence of the conception of «bhakti-rasa» elaborated by the school of the followers of Caitanya. Refs 11

    FIGURE 1. A in Treatise on the Isoptera of the World

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    FIGURE 1. A. Carl Linnaeus (Carl von Linné), the founder of taxonomy; B. Pierre A. Latreille, author of the family Termitidae; C. Charles De Geer, French naturalist; D. Johann C. Fabricius, Danish entomologist and one of the more successful "apostles" of Linnaeus.Published as part of <i>Krishna, Kumar, Grimaldi, David A., Krishna, Valerie & Engel, Michael S., 2013, Treatise on the Isoptera of the World, pp. 200-623 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2704 (377)</i> on page 12, DOI: 10.1206/377.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10113630">http://zenodo.org/record/10113630</a&gt

    FIGURE 12. A in Treatise on the Isoptera of the World

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    FIGURE 12. A. The University of California, Berkeley's Faculty of Zoology in 1944, with three illustrious contributors to termite systematics, biology, and evolution among its staff: Charles A. Kofoid, Harold Kirby, and Sol F. Light. Front row (left to right): Richard Goldschmidt, S.J. Holmes, Kofoid, H.B. Torrey, and Kirby. Second row: E. Raymond Hall, J.E. Gullberg, Alden H. Miller, Light, and S. C. Brooks. Third row: Ray L. Watterson and Richard M. Eakin. B. Laura Hare, author of the Nasutitermitinae, the largest subfamily of termites.Published as part of <i>Krishna, Kumar, Grimaldi, David A., Krishna, Valerie & Engel, Michael S., 2013, Treatise on the Isoptera of the World, pp. 200-623 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2704 (377)</i> on page 31, DOI: 10.1206/377.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10113630">http://zenodo.org/record/10113630</a&gt

    The Rhetoric of Krishna versus the Counter-Rhetoric of Vyas: The Place of Commiseration in the Mahabharat

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    In the context of the mixed perception among scholars whether the Mahabharat is a pacifist or a militant text, this paper analyzes the rhetorical project of the epic to examine its position on violence. Highlighting the existence of two main arguments in the Mahabharat, this paper argues that the author has crafted a grand rhetorical project to question the dominant war ideology of the time that Krishna presents as the divine necessity. Historically, the emergence of Krishna—one of the major characters of the epic—as an incarnation of Lord Vishnu in Hindu tradition and the extraction and elevation of the Bhagavad Gita from the epic as an independent text have undermined the complexity of Vyas’ rhetoric. This paper places Krishna’s argument within the broad rhetorical scheme of the epic and demonstrates how Vyas has represented Krishna’s rhetoric of ‘just war’ only to illustrate its pitfalls. By directing his narrative lens to the devastating consequences of the war in the later parts of the epic, Vyas problematizes Krishna’s insistence on the need to suppress human emotions to attain a higher cognitive and ontological condition. What emerges is the difference between how Vyas and Krishna view the status of feeling: the scientist Krishna thinks that human emotions and individual lives are trivial, incidental instances in the cosmic game—something not worthy of a warrior’s concern; Vyas’ rhetoric, this paper argues, restores the significance of ordinary human emotions. It is a war—not human life and feeling—that arises as a futile enterprise in Vyas’ rhetoric

    Behavioral Subtyping in Object-Oriented Languages

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    data types, modules, packages; F.3.1 [Logics and Meanings of Programs] Specifying and Verifying and Reasoning about Programs --- logics of programs, pre- and post-conditions, theory A version of this technical report is published as the author's doctoral dissertation. c fl Copyright 1997 by Krishna Kishore Dhara All rights reserved. Department of Computer Science 226 Atanasoff Hall Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 50011-1040, USA ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 1 1.1 Problem : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 2 1.1.1 Reasoning problem and behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : 2 1.1.2 Aliasing and behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 4 1.2 Overview of the solutions : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 1.2.1 Different notions of behavioral subtyping : : : : : : : : : : : : 6 1.2.2 Semantic conditions : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 7 1.2.3 "..

    Author Correction Large spontaneous exchange bias in a weak ferromagnet Pb 6 Ni 9 (TeO 6 ) 5 (Scientific Reports, (2017), 7, 1, (8300), 10.1038/s41598-017-09056-w)

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    In the original version of this Article, Binoy Krishna Hazra and S. Srinath were incorrectly affiliated with ‘Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati, TIRUPATI, 517506, India’. The correct affiliation is listed below School of Physics, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India This error has now been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article, and in the accompanying Supplementary Information file. © 2019, The Author(s)

    The economic effects of minimum import prices : with an application to Uruguay

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    By increasing the costs of imports, minimum unit import reference prices not only generate the usual distortions one expects from tariff protection but add new ones that a pure tariff system would not generate. Reference prices substantially reduce the price gap between imports with prices above and below the reference price. By making cheap imports relatively more expensive than expensive imports, reference prices affect quality in three ways that appear not to have been analyzed before: 1) they can induce foreign firms to shift toward more expensive exports to the country with reference prices; 2) they can induce domestic producers in that country to shift production toward lower-quality, cheaper goods; and 3) because this decreases the relative price of the expensive varieties, domestic consumers may lean toward buying more expensive goods. Using the case of Uruguay, the authors estimate what protection the reference price procedures provide for Uruguayan industries and analyze how this protection affects Uruguay's economy. The authors show that the reference and minimum export price procedures impose floor prices on imports that cover more than a third of value added in Uruguayan manufacturing. These systems jeopardize trade liberalization efforts by creating the impression that tariff cuts are greater than they really are. These systems also create massive distortions between the relative domestic prices of imported goods above and below the floor prices.Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT,Economic Theory&Research,Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets

    Modeling Human Veins, Venous Thrombosis & Therapeutics with Organ-On-Chips

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    Venous valves are anatomical structures in the veins, small and large, that help in the unidirectional flow of blood towards the heart. Unwanted clot (thrombus) formation at these valves and its subsequent complications is the third leading cause of cardiovascular deaths in the world. Our knowledge of this thrombus formation is limited due to our over reliance on murine models, which do not have venous valves. As human in vivo study of these valves is difficult due to its location there is a need for physiologically relevant in vitro models that can efficiently dissect the contribution of Virchow���s triad ��� endothelial inflammation, blood flow dynamics and coagulable nature of blood, at the venous valves for thrombus formation. This dissertation focusses on the development of physiologically relevant in silico and in vitro models of veins containing venous valves. An in silico model was used to analyze the unique flow patterns within physiological and pathological non-actuating micro venous valves (vein diameter less than 200 ��m). I observed that an incompetent non-actuating micro venous valve may have a different mechanism of thrombus formation compared to valves at larger veins. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) that occurs at the valves of the deep (larger) veins and its consequences lead to around 100,000 deaths annually in the US alone. I used the organ-on-chip technology to create a Vein-Chip platform that integrated fully vascularized venous valves and its hemodynamic, as seen in vivo. The vascular endothelium of valves adapted to the locally disturbed microenvironment by expressing a different phenotype from the other regions of the vein that had uniform flow. The platform is used to modulate the three factors of Virchow���s triad to investigate the determinants of fibrin and platelet dynamics of DVT. Healthy venous valves actuate to help unidirectional blood flow in the body. I extended the current model by including a 3D printed hydrogel valve that could actuate. The current model helps us understand how an actuating venous valve may keep the valves healthy and thrombus free. Overall, the Vein-Chip offers a new preclinical approach to study venous pathophysiology and show effects of antithrombotic drug treatment
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