60,532 research outputs found
National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet: Cancer Health Disparities
No full textThe National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines "cancer health disparities" as adverse differences in cancer incidence (new cases), cancer prevalence (all existing cases), cancer death (mortality), cancer survivorship, and burden of cancer or related health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States (see Question 1).
Complex and interrelated factors contribute to the observed disparities in cancer incidence and death among racial, ethnic, and underserved groups. The most obvious factors are associated with a lack of health care coverage and low socioeconomic status (see Question 2).
Although cancer deaths have declined for both Whites and African Americans/Blacks living in the United States, African Americans/Blacks continue to suffer the greatest burden for each of the most common types of cancer (see Question 4).
American White women have the highest incidence rate for breast cancer, although African American/Black women are most likely to die from the disease (see Question 5).
African American/Black men have the highest incidence rate for prostate cancer in the United States and are more than twice as likely as White men to die of the disease (see Question 9).
NCI is pursuing a variety of programs and initiatives to address cancer health disparities. In 2001, the Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities (CRCHD) was established to serve as the cornerstone of NCI's efforts to reduce the unequal burden of cancer in our nation (see Questions 15 and 16)
National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cancer framework 2015
No full textOverview
The National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cancer Framework (the Framework) provides high-level guidance and direction for the many individuals, communities, organisations and governments whose combined efforts are required to address disparities and improve cancer outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples.
This Framework is designed to complement and enhance national, jurisdictional, regional and local efforts to improve Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cancer outcomes, including cancer plans and related policies, frameworks and action plans. It sets out priority areas for action, and allows the flexibility for jurisdictions, communities and organisations to address those priorities in ways that suit their local context and local needs.
This Framework encompasses the full continuum of cancer control, including cancer prevention, screening and early detection, diagnosis and treatment, palliative care and survivorship; and the policy, systems, research and infrastructure that surround these service areas
National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet: Cancer Health Disparities
No full textThe National Cancer Institute (NCI) defines "cancer health disparities" as adverse differences in cancer incidence (new cases), cancer prevalence (all existing cases), cancer death (mortality), cancer survivorship, and burden of cancer or related health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States (see Question 1). Complex and interrelated factors contribute to the observed disparities in cancer incidence and death among racial, ethnic, and underserved groups. The most obvious factors are associated with a lack of health care coverage and low socioeconomic status (see Question 2). Although cancer deaths have declined for both Whites and African Americans/Blacks living in the United States, African Americans/Blacks continue to suffer the greatest burden for each of the most common types of cancer (see Question 4). American White women have the highest incidence rate for breast cancer, although African American/Black women are most likely to die from the disease (see Question 5). African American/Black men have the highest incidence rate for prostate cancer in the United States and are more than twice as likely as White men to die of the disease (see Question 9). NCI is pursuing a variety of programs and initiatives to address cancer health disparities. In 2001, the Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities (CRCHD) was established to serve as the cornerstone of NCI's efforts to reduce the unequal burden of cancer in our nation (see Questions 15 and 16).https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/disparitie
Role of academic institute in cancer therapy development in National Institute of Cancer Research, NHRI in Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]National Health Research Institutes (NHRI) is a non-profit organization established by the Taiwan government in 1996. Among the 10 research units, 8 research institutes and two research centers, the National Institute of Cancer Research (NICR) and the Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research (IBPR) are involved in cancer therapy development. NICR aims to ascertain statistically efficacious new drugs and therapy for locally prevalent cancers through clinical trials. Whiles, IBPR is a fully integrated institute with multi-disciplinary technologies cover major aspects of the drug discovery and development. Such an integrated infrastructure facilitates the new drug development within NHRI. For instance, NICR joined in the pre-clinical and clinical development of a vascular-disrupting, anti-microtubular agent, DPRB104.Besides the intramural collaboration, NICR also plays an important role in helping the new drug development for domestic pharmaceutical companies. Regarding investigator-initiated trials, NICR explored the commercial available, off-labeled agents as well as yet approval agents for treating domestic prevalent cancers
Racial/ethnic patterns of cancer in the United States, 1988-1992 /
No full text"Prepared by the Cancer Control Research Program, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute"--Prelim. p.Mode of access: Internet
The researchers' toolbox.
No full textDescription based on: March 2000; title from caption."A newsletter of the Applied Sociocultural Research Branch of the National Cancer Institute"--March 2000.Mode of access: Internet.Issued by: Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences,
Pink book
No full textPreface -- Why Use this Book? -- Introduction -- Overview -- Stage 1: Planning and Strategy Development -- Stage 2: Developing and Pretesting -- Stage 3: Implementing the Program -- Stage 4: Assessing Effectiveness -- Communication Research Methods -- Appendix A: Communication Planning Forms and Samples -- Appendix B: Selected Planning Frameworks, Social Science Theories, and Models of Change -- Appendix C: Information Sources -- Appendix D: Selected Readings and Resources -- Appendix E: GlossaryU.S. Department of Health & Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute."Reprinted August 2004.""Revised December 2001.""This document was revised in coordination with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during development of CDCynergy--a program-planning tool on CD-ROM."Called also: the Pink book.Also available via the World Wide Web.Includes bibliographical references (p. 236-242)
Factors Predicting Late Recurrence for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer
No full textThis is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version of 'Sestak, Ivana, et al. "Factors Predicting late recurrence for estrogen receptor–Positive Breast cancer." Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2013): djt244' is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djt24
National Bowel Cancer Screening Program: monitoring report 2013–14
No full textPresents statistics on the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program for Australians invited to take part between July 2013 and June 2014.
Summary
The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) aims to reduce the morbidity and mortality from bowel cancer by actively recruiting and screening the target population for early detection or prevention of the disease.
The NBCSP has been running since August 2006, and this report focuses on measures of program performance for people invited to participate in screening between July 2013 and June 2014 (those turning 50, 55, 60 or 65).
Program participation has increased
Of the 1.4 million people invited between July 2013 and June 2014, 36.0% returned a completed bowel cancer screening kit for analysis. This overall participation rate was higher than the participation rate of 33.4% in 2012-13 (Table 1). The increase was mainly due to the start of the second round of invitations to 55 and 60 year olds, who had higher rates of re-participation. For those receiving their second invitation after participating 5 years earlier, the re-participation rate was more than 70%.
How many positive screening results were there?
Of those participants who returned a valid screening test, about 37,700 (7.5%) had a positive screening result. These people were encouraged to follow up this result by visiting their primary health-care practitioner (PHCP) for referral to further investigative testing (colonoscopy). Sixty-eight per cent of those with a positive screening result were recorded as having had a follow-up colonoscopy at the time of this report.
The positivity rate (percentage of positive faecal occult test results) for those participating for the second time (6.3%) was lower than for initial screens (8.2%).
How many bowel cancers and adenomas were detected?
One participant in every 25 who underwent a colonoscopy to follow up a positive screening result was diagnosed with a confirmed or suspected cancer (149 and 599 participants respectively), while advanced adenomas were found in a further 1,691 participants (1 in 11 colonoscopies assessed). Adenomas are benign growths that have the potential to become cancerous, and their removal is likely to lower the risk of future bowel cancers in these patients.
Were there differences between subgroups participating in the NBCSP?
Women were more likely to participate in screening than men; conversely, men had higher rates of screen-detected bowel cancers, overall bowel cancer incidence and mortality.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants, participants who lived in Regional and remote regions, and participants who lived in areas of lower socioeconomic status, continue to have higher rates of positive screening results, yet lower rates of follow-up colonoscopies than other participants
SEER summary staging manual 2000 : codes and coding instructions /
No full textIncludes index.Shipping list no.: 2001-0259-P."July 2001"--P. [4] of cover.[Prepared by] "Cancer Statistics Branch, Surveillance Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health."Mode of access: Internet
- …
