5 research outputs found
Empirical Modeling on Hot Air Drying of Fresh and Pre-treated Pineapples
No full textThis research was aimed to study drying kinetics and determine empirical model of fresh pineapple and pre-treated pineapple with sucrose solution at different concentrations during drying. 3 mm thick samples were immersed into 30, 40 and 50 Brix of sucrose solution before hot air drying at temperatures of 60, 70 and 80°C. The empirical models to predict the drying kinetics were investigated. The results showed that the moisture content decreased when increasing the drying temperatures and times. Increase in sucrose concentration led to longer drying time. According to the statistical values of the highest coefficients (R2), the lowest least of chi-square (χ2) and root mean square error (RMSE), Logarithmic model was the best models for describing the drying behavior of soaked samples into 30, 40 and 50 Brix of sucrose solution
Innovative Insights for Establishing a Synbiotic Relationship with Bacillus coagulans: Viability, Bioactivity, and In Vitro-Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion
No full textThis study investigates the use of encapsulating agents for establishing a synbiotic relationship with Bacillus coagulans (TISTR 1447). Various ratios of wall materials, such as skim milk powder, maltodextrin, and cellulose acetate phthalate (represented as SMC1, SMC3, SMC5, and SMC7), were examined. In all formulations, 5% inulin was included as a prebiotic. The research assessed their impact on cell viability and bioactive properties during both the spray-drying process and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The results demonstrate that these encapsulating agents efficiently protect B. coagulans spores during the spray-drying process, resulting in spore viability exceeding 6 log CFU/g. Notably, SMC5 and SMC7 displayed the highest spore viability values. Moreover, SMC5 showcased the most notable antioxidant activity, encompassing DPPH, hydroxy radical, and superoxide radical scavenging, as well as significant antidiabetic effects via the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Furthermore, during the simulated gastrointestinal digestion, both SMC5 and SMC7 exhibited a slight reduction in spore viability over the 6 h simulation. Consequently, SMC5 was identified as the optimal condition for synbiotic production, offering protection to B. coagulans spores during microencapsulation and gastrointestinal digestion while maintaining bioactive properties post-encapsulation. Synbiotic microcapsules containing SMC5 showcased a remarkable positive impact, suggesting its potential as an advanced food delivery system and a functional ingredient for various food products
A randomized controlled clinical trial examining the effects of Cordyceps militaris beverage on the immune response in healthy adults
No full textAbstract Cordyceps militaris (L.) Link (C. militaris) contains various beneficial substances, including polysaccharides (galactomannan), nucleotides (adenosine and cordycepin), cordycepic acid, amino acids, and sterols (ergosterol and beta-sitosterol). It also contains other essential nutrients, such as protein, vitamins (E, K, B1, B2, and B12), and minerals (potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and selenium). Due to the numerous health benefits of supplements and products containing C. militaris extract, their popularity has increased. However, the immunostimulant effect of C. militaris remains unclear. Therefore, this study developed a functional beverage from the submerged fermentation of C. militaris (FCM) and aimed to investigate the potential of FCM in healthy male and female volunteers in Phayao Province, Thailand. This study provides essential information for the development of healthy drink products. Healthy men and women were provided either FCM containing 2.85 mg of cordycepin or placebo for 8 weeks (n = 10 for each gender). The immune cell markers, immunoglobulins, and safety parameters were assessed initially at baseline and at 4 and 8 weeks. The NK cell activity markedly increased in the male FCM group from baseline (p = 0.049) to 4 weeks after receiving FCM. Compared with those in the placebo group, the NK activity in women who received FCM for 8 weeks significantly increased (p = 0.023) from baseline. Within-group analysis revealed that the IL-1β levels were markedly reduced in the male FCM group (p = 0.049). Furthermore, the IL-6 levels decreased from baseline in the female FCM group (p = 0.047). The blood sugar, lipid, and safety indices were not different between the experimental groups. FCM can potentially be developed as an immune-boosting supplement without liver, kidney, or blood component toxicity
The Kinetic Models for Biomass and Extracellular Polysaccharide of Ganoderma tsugaae
No full textAbstractGanoderma tsugae has long been a well known medicinal mushroom and it has many pharmacological properties. The mathematical relationship of productions from G. tsugae is quite interested from industrial fermentation to predict and control the bioprocess. Therefore, the kinetic models of biomass and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) by G. tsugae were studied in a batch cultivation at the optimal condition. The pellet of mycelium was described by the cube-root equation whereas the extracellular polysaccharide was explained by Luedekin-Piret equation. The parameters of booth equations determine by observed experiment and algorithm solving. The correlation between the experimental values and predicted models of biomass and EPS for G. tsugae obtained the high R-square at 0.9605 and 0.9916, respectively. The both kinetic models may be useful to predict the both productions of G. tsugae
สภาวะที่เหมาะสมของการหมักไมซีเลียมเห็ดหลินจือในน้ำลำไยOptimization of Submerged Fermentation for Ganoderma lucidum Mycelium in Longan Juice
No full textลำไยเป็นผลผลิตทางการเกษตรของภาคเหนือประเทศไทยที่มีผลผลิตมาก ราคาตกต่ำ และขาดนวัตกรรมเพื่อเพิ่มมูลค่า ในสถานการณ์โควิด 19 มีความต้องการอาหารเพื่อกระตุ้นภูมิคุ้มกัน ดังนั้นงานวิจัยนี้จึงนำลำไยมาเป็นแหล่งพลังงานของราเห็ดหลินจือใช้ในการเจริญเติบโตและผลิตเส้นใยโดยกระบวนการหมักในอาหารเหลว งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อหาสภาวะที่เหมาะสมในการหมักไมซีเลียมเห็ดหลินจือในน้ำลำไย ปัจจัยในการศึกษาประกอบด้วยปริมาณของน้ำลำไย 9 องศาบริกซ์, น้ำตาลทราย, หางนม, CaCO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O และกล้าเชื้อ การคัดเลือกตัวแปรโดยวิธี Plackett Burman Design การหาช่วงที่เหมาะสมโดยวิธี Steepest Ascent และการหาสภาวะที่เหมาะสมโดยวิธีพื้นผิวตอบสนองนำมาใช้ในการวิเคราะห์ทางสถิติ การทดลองพบว่า น้ำลำไย 9 องศาบริกซ์ (251.549 มิลลิลิตรต่อลิตร) และหางนม (14.226 กรัมต่อลิตร) เป็นปัจจัยที่สำคัญและผลิตไมซีเลียมหลินจือน้ำหนักแห้งสูงสุด 36.636 กรัมต่อลิตร ในขณะที่องค์ประกอบอื่นๆของอาหารที่หมักในอาหารเหลวมีดังนี้ ปริมาณน้ำตาล 7.5 กรัมต่อลิตร CaCO3 0.6 กรัมต่อลิตร KH2PO4 0.75 กรัมต่อลิตร MgSO4.7H2O 0.75 กรัมต่อลิตร กล้าเชื้อ 50 มิลลิลิตรต่อลิตร งานวิจัยนี้สามารถนำไปประยุกต์ในเครื่องดื่มเพื่อสุขภาพ อาหารเสริม และผลิตภัณฑ์เสริมภูมิคุ้มกันจากธรรมชาติLongan is an agricultural product of northern Thailand with high yields, low prices, and a lack of innovation to add value. In the Covid–19 situation, there is a need for food to stimulate immunity, so longan was used as a source of energy for Ganoderma lucidum fungi for growth and mycelium production. The objective of this research was to determine the optimum conditions for fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium in longan juice. The factors were the quantity of 9 brix longan juice, sucrose, skim milk, CaCO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O and inoculate culture. Variables by Plackett Burman Design method, optimal range by the Steepest ascent method and optimization by the response surface method were used in the statistical analysis. It was found that 9 brix longan juice (251. 549 ml/ l) and skim milk (14. 226 g/ l) were important factors and produced the highest dry weight of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium at 36. 636 g/ l while the other composition of the medium used in submerged fermentation was as follows: 7. 5 g/ l sucrose, 0. 6 g/ l CaCO3, 0. 75 g/ l KH2PO4, 0.75 g/l MgSO4.7H2O, and 50 ml/l inoculate culture. This research can be applied in functional beverages, food supplements and natural immune-boosting products
