307 research outputs found
A Case of Malignant Lymphoma in the Pelvis Suspected to be a Neurogenic Tumor
No full textA 70-year-old man visited a urological clinic with a chief complaint of pollakiuria, which was refractory to various medications. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass 6 cm in diameter immediately next to the left side of the bladder. The patient was referred to our hospital for further examination. Since he had a past history of neurofibroma of cauda equina, we suspected neurofibromatosis type 1. 18Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) demonstrated a high accumulation of FDG in the pelvic mass. Under a diagnosis of neurogenic tumor, surgery was performed. As an examination of frozen section during the surgery led us to suspect a sarcoma, the tumor was excised radically. The pathological examination demonstrated diffuse large B cell lymphoma
Risky health behaviors and behavioral differences of the US youth: quasi-evidence with empirical study: policy implications
No full textThe focus of this paper is to examine the determinants and analyze the effects of risky health behaviors of alcohol and illicit drug use on social violence (drunken driving, riding in a car driven by a drunken driver, and not wearing seatbelts) among youth in the United States. Alcohol and illicit drug use usually lead to social violence as well as a reduction in health status and earnings. Although it is illegal to drink and drive in the U.S., forty-five percent of the traffic accidents among the age group of 14-18 are alcohol-related. Alcohol is a leading factor in deaths related to motor vehicle accidents.
This research defines use of alcohol, tobacco, cocaine, and other illicit drug use as risky health behavior. The use of some substances tend to precede and increase the risk of initiating habitual use of substances among the youth. The data used for this project is drawn from the 1992 and 2017 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey to examine the behavioral difference between two periods. The study examines the relationship between alcohol and illicit drug use and three types of violent behaviors: (1) drunken driving, (2) occupying a car driven by someone who has been drinking, and (3) not wearing seatbelts.
The results show that there is a positive relationship between the risky health behaviors of alcohol and illicit drug uses and social violence (drunken driving, riding in a car driven by a drunken driver, and not wearing seatbelts) among youth. The results suggest that binge drinking, smoking habits, as well as illicit drug use will contribute to the escalation of habitual, high-risk behaviors such as: drunken driving and not using seatbelts, among youth. The results also indicate that youth attitudes toward drunken driving will become more sensitive to multi-consumption habits as they get old. Controlling the consumption of alcohol and drug use at an early age is indeed an important factor in reducing drunken-driving behavior later. Drunken driving behavior is more likely to be a habitual behavior, and to reduce this behavior, access to alcohol and illicit drugs must be restricted among early teens.This audio recording was presented at the first annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity while the author was an undergraduate student at Rutgers University-Camden
LRG is a novel inflammatory marker clinically useful for the evaluation of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease
No full textSOCS1, a Negative Regulator of Cytokine Signals and TLR Responses, in Human Liver Diseases
No full textToll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways are strictly coordinated by several mechanisms to regulate adequate innate immune responses. Recent lines of evidence indicate that the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family proteins, originally identified as negative-feedback regulators in cytokine signaling, are involved in the regulation of TLR-mediated immune responses. SOCS1, a member of SOCS family, is strongly induced upon TLR stimulation. Cells lacking SOCS1 are hyperresponsive to TLR stimulation. Thus, SOCS1 is an important regulator for both cytokine and TLR-induced responses. As an immune organ, the liver contains various types of immune cells such as T cells, NK cells, NKT cells, and Kupffer cells and is continuously challenged with gut-derived bacterial and dietary antigens. SOCS1 may be implicated in pathophysiology of the liver. The studies using SOCS1-deficient mice revealed that endogenous SOCS1 is critical for the prevention of liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, and cancers. Recent studies on humans suggest that SOCS1 is involved in the development of various liver disorders in humans. Thus, SOCS1 and other SOCS proteins are potential targets for the therapy of human liver diseases
Screening for Novel Serum Biomarker for Monitoring Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using iTRAQ Technology-Based Quantitative Proteomic Approach
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Abstract 4410: LSR promotes ovarian cancer cell growth following the activation of β-oxidation and its antibody inhibits lipid catabolism
No full textAbstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy; thus developing new treatment options is urgently required. Molecular targeted therapies for cancers, which are generally more tolerable than widely used cytotoxic agents, have shown highly specific inhibition of target molecules. In this study, we aimed to identify a new ovarian cancer antigen and to develop a novel monoclonal antibody (mAb). Furthermore we evaluated its preclinical efficacy and analyzed the function of its antigen in ovarian cancer.To identify a new ovarian cancer antigen, cell surface membrane proteins of normal ovarian epithelial and ovarian cancer cell lines were analyzed by iTRAQ-based proteomic technology. We identified lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor (LSR) as the new therapeutic target for ovarian cancer. By the immunohistochemical analysis, significant poor prognosis was observed in high-LSR expression patients with ovarian cancer compared to patients with low-LSR expression by survival assay (p < 0.05). Our newly developed anti-LSR mAb showed significant inhibition of tumor growth in vivo against xenograft model of LSR-positive ovarian cancer cell line and patient derived LSR-positive ovarian cancer tissue (p < 0.05). In LSR-positive ovarian cancer cells, high number and large lipid droplets were observed compared to LSR-negative cells and anti-LSR mAb decreased these droplets. Moreover addition of VLDL to LSR-positive ovarian cancer cells significantly promoted the cell proliferation (p < 0.05) and anti-LSR mAb inhibited that in vitro (p < 0.05). Supporting these data, addition of VLDL to LSR-positive ovarian cancer cells significantly promoted β-oxidation-mediated lipid catabolism (p < 0.05) and anti-LSR mAb also inhibited that (p < 0.05). In addition, this anti-LSR mAb which cross-reacted with mouse LSR did not show any cytotoxicity on normal organs and lipid metabolism in mice. In summary, high expression of LSR in ovarian cancer was the poor prognostic factor. Our newly developed anti-LSR mAb showed significant tumor growth inhibition against not only LSR-positive ovarian cancer cell line but also patient derived LSR-positive ovarian cancer tissue. In LSR-positive ovarian cancer cells, high number and large lipid droplets were observed and LSR promoted cell proliferation following β-oxidation-mediated lipid catabolism. Anti-LSR mAb inhibited these processes. Our preclinical data demonstrated that targeting LSR by mAb is a promising therapy for patients with LSR-positive ovarian cancer.
Citation Format: Kosuke Hiramatsu, Satoshi Serada, Takayuki Enomoto, Takuhei Yokoyama, Yusuke Takahashi, Minoru Fujimoto, Kiyoshi Yoshino, Tadashi Kimura, Tetsuji Naka. LSR promotes ovarian cancer cell growth following the activation of β-oxidation and its antibody inhibits lipid catabolism [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4410. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-4410</jats:p
Application of Novel Quantitative Proteomic Technologies to Identify New Serological Biomarkers in Autoimmune Diseases
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