11 research outputs found
Repeated systemic inflammation was associated with cognitive deficits in older Britons
No full textAbstractIntroductionThe relationship of C-reactive protein (CRP) to cognition in the older old group (≥75 years) has recently been found positive on both sides of the Atlantic. We hypothesized that higher levels of CRP and fibrinogen are related to worse episodic memory throughout later life (≥50 years).MethodsData are drawn from older Britons free of dementias in the English Longitudinal Study of Aging 2004–2013. We applied growth trajectory models to repeated observations of episodic memory, CRP, and fibrinogen levels (and sociodemographic confounders). We accounted for practice effects in repeated tests of cognition.ResultsHigher levels of both inflammatory markers were associated with worse episodic memory, where a fibrinogen effect is evident throughout later life (coefficient −0.154; 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.254 to −0.054). Most importantly, the CRP effect is strongly negative among the older old group (coefficient −0.179; CI −0.320 to −0.038).DiscussionHigher levels of fibrinogen are detrimental to older people's cognition, and among the older old, raised CRP levels are comparably deleterious. Repeated measures of inflammation can be considered in clinical practice as part of a response to the challenge of dementias
Social stratification and cultures hierarchy among the omnivores: Evidence from the Arts Council England surveys
No full textBy analysing the Arts Council England survey of 13,300 respondents in 2001-2004 I take snapshots of the space of cultural consumption and map its social stratification. Mirroring a redrawn image of Americans' cultural consumption in the early 1990s, the emergent image in the UK exhibits evidence of division within the omnivores. The image and division raise questions about the omnivore-univore thesis and existing literature on cultural consumption. The findings also show that contrary to some recent studies, cultural consumption continues to be structured by social class. Most intriguing, however, is the result that culture is seen by avid cultural omnivores to be hierarchical. The received understanding of omnivores as tolerant and possessing inclusive tastes across culture hierarchy (consuming high, middle and low brow cultures), therefore, diverges from evidence of both division within and culture hierarchy perceived by the omnivores. The apparent divergence can be resolved by acknowledging that the concept of omnivores as those whose tastes are inclusive pre-supposes and guarantees the existence of culture hierarchy. © 2010 The Author. Journal compilation © 2010 The Editorial Board of The Sociological Review
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana yang Diancam dengan Pasal 112 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2009 tentang Narkotika
Get PDFA more crucial problem which is also the main topic of discussion in this research is the provisions of other articles whose impact may be to close the opportunity for medical rehabilitation for narcotics addicts and abusers, namely the provisions in Article 112 paragraph (1) of Law no. 35 of 2009. Example of the case of Central Jakarta District Court Decision Number 51/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Jkt.Pst, related to Article 112 paragraph (1). The research method used is the normative juridical method, namely research that prioritizes library data, namely research on secondary data. This secondary data can be in the form of primary, secondary or tertiary legal materials. This research includes research regarding the positive legal provisions in force in Indonesia relating to criminal liability for perpetrators of criminal acts which are threatened with Article 112 paragraph (1) of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Based on the research results, the author concludes that the rationale for the establishment of Article 112 paragraph (1) of Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics, is not a denial of the principle of legality) in principle it is to realize justice for the defendant and the community. And if there is a conflict between justice and law enforcement, then the sense of justice must take priority. Meanwhile, the problems that arise from Article 112 paragraph (1) of Law Number 35 of 2009 include: a) It can criminalize drug addicts and abusers who should be given the right to rehabilitation. What is meant here is the vulnerability of this article being used to criminalize people who are not actually involved in criminal acts but whose cases are fabricated as if they were carrying or controlling narcotics.
 
Pengawasan Market Conduct Terhadap Layanan Peer to Peer Lending (P2P Lending) Ditinjau dari Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan No. 01/POJK.07/2013
Get PDFAbstrakTerselenggaranya kegiatan jasa keuangan yang transparan, berkeadilan, dan berintegritas merupakan tujuan utama dibentuknya otoritas jasa keuangan. Salah satu cara untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut adalah melalui pengawasan, termasuk pengawasan Peer to Peer Lending (P2P Lending). Fokus tulisan ini mengkaji pelaksanaan pengawasan pasar dalam perspektif P2P Lending POJK No. 01/ POJK.07/2013.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang penulis lakukan, pengawasan pasar yang dilakukan oleh OJK belum dilakukan secara maksimal. Kondisi ini karena POJK No.01//POJK.07/2013 belum mengatur secara spesifik tanggal definisi, bentuk, dan mekanisme perilaku pasar yang dilakukan oleh OJK.Ketentuan Pasal 34 dan Pasal 48 POJK No.01//POJK.07/2013 hanya memiliki korelasi yang paling dekat, namun wujud pengawasan market conduct sebenarnya ada pada layanan P2P Lending.
Kata kunci: Pengawasan, Perilaku Pasar, Peer to Peer Lending
AbstractThe implementation of financial services activities that are transparent, fair, and with integrity is the main objective of the establishment of a financial services authority. One of the ways to achieve this goal is through supervision, including supervision of Peer to Peer Lending (P2P Lending). The focus of this paper examines the implementation of market supervision in P2P Lending perspective POJK No. 01/POJK.07/2013. Based on the results of the research that the author has done, market supervision carried out by OJK has not been carried out optimally. This condition is because POJK No.01//POJK.07/2013 has not specifically regulated the date of definition, form and mechanism of market conduct carried out by OJK. The provisions of Article 34 and Article 48 of POJK No.01//POJK.07/2013 only have the closest correlation, but the manifestation of market conduct supervision is actually in P2P Lending services.
Keywords: Supervision, Market Conduct, Peer to Peer Lendi
Settlement of Workers' Rights at PT Satelit Bintang Persada Through PKPU Legal Efforts at the Medan Commercial Court
Get PDFGenerally, if a company is no longer able to provide for the welfare of its employees, then the company experiences a financial crisis and this will result in the company's bankruptcy. Bankruptcy or bankruptcy is legal certainty received by the debtor because of the court's bankruptcy decision. The result of bankruptcy is that the debtor's assets are placed under investment so that the debtor cannot have his assets back. The problem is that this research was conducted to reveal how the rights of PT workers are resolved. Bintang Persada Satellite through legal action at the Medan District Court and how the PKPU was resolved at the Medan Commercial Court. The research method uses normative juridical research methods. The research results show that PT. Bintang Persada Satellite was found guilty and had to pay workers their rights in accordance with the provisions of article 156 of Law no. 13 of 2003 which includes severance pay, long service awards and rights assignment money. Meanwhile, in the case of delayed debt payment obligations (PKPU) which occurred at PT. Bintang Persada Satellite where the company is deemed incapable and is no longer actively running its busines
Legal Analysis of Green Victimology in Environmental and Forestry Crimes
Get PDFEnvironmental and forestry crimes are serious violations that not only damage ecosystems but also threaten human sustainability. This study aims to examine the criminal law policy in addressing environmental crimes based on Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, and to evaluate the application of criminal liability through in absentia procedures in illegal logging cases, as exemplified by the District Court Decision No. 954/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Mks. This research adopts a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-qualitative analysis of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings reveal that while the criminal law policy on environmental protection is normatively robust, its implementation faces challenges such as weak supervision and low public legal awareness. Furthermore, the in absentia mechanism has proven effective in ensuring justice when perpetrators evade legal proceedings, though it raises legal debates concerning the defendant’s right to a fair trial. This study underscores the need to strengthen regulations and procedural safeguards to enhance the effectiveness of environmental criminal law enforcement in Indonesia
Land Acquisition Mechanism for Public Interest on Traditional Land: A Study of Rempang Eco City
Get PDFIndonesia, as an agrarian nation, faces the complexities of land management, particularly concerning customary land. The Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) of 1960 and Law No. 2 of 2012 regulate land acquisition for public purposes. However, their implementation often triggers conflicts among the government, private entities, and indigenous communities. The case of the Rempang Eco City serves as a vivid illustration of such conflicts, highlighting the need to balance development interests with the protection of indigenous community rights. This study employs a normative juridical method with legal and conceptual approaches. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials are analyzed through literature review and documentation. An inductive approach and legal interpretation are applied to understand customary land acquisition in the context of public interest. Customary land rights (hak ulayat) are recognized under the 1945 Constitution and the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) of 1960, provided they do not conflict with national interests. The Rempang Eco City case reveals tensions between the recognition of indigenous rights and the demands of national development. An ideal solution must prioritize deliberation, the acknowledgment of indigenous rights, and fair compensation for indigenous communities, adhering to the principles of social justice and sustainable development.The Rempang Eco City project underscores the importance of recognizing indigenous rights in land acquisition processes. Indigenous community participation, transparent consultations, and fair compensation are crucial steps to prevent conflicts. Therefore, a justice-based approach that emphasizes social welfare and human rights protection must take precedence in the process of acquiring customary land for public purposes
Assessing the influence of R&D institutions by mapping international scientific networks: the case of INESC Porto
Get PDFAlthough scientometric and bibliometric studies embrace a much wider perspective of the linkages/networks of R&D institutions than standard economic studies, to the best of our knowledge, these studies have not yet made use of scientometric tools to analyse the influence and impact of R&D institutions. Moreover, the international perspective has so far been neglected both in standard and bibliometric studies. Based on networks of 1239 foreign co-authorships and 13035 foreign citation linkages, we demonstrate that INESC Porto international influence has considerably expanded since 2003, a year that coincided with the implementation of an internal policy of granting monetary prizes to publications in scientific international journals. In terms of co-authorship, the network of INESC Porto more than duplicated (13 countries in the initial period to 27 in 2004-07). In terms of citations, INESC Porto’s network encompassed almost 40 countries during the whole period (1996-2007). Its more prolific units (optoelectronics, energy and multimedia) presented a rather distinct pattern both in terms of size and evolution of the corresponding network boundaries. The network size of foreign co-authorships was not much different between the three units by the beginning of the 2000s (around 10 countries) but it evolved quite distinctly. The most remarkable pattern was registered by the multimedia (UTM) unit, whose network size rose exponentially to 21 countries in 2004-07. This contrasted with the decline (down to 8 countries) of the energy (USE) unit. The citation network of the optoelectronic unit (UOSE) was by far the largest, until 2003, involving 34 distinct countries, which contrasted with the size of USE (12 countries) and UTM (1 country). But again, after 2003, the size of the citation network of USE and UTM converged spectacularly to that of UOSE’s, reaching in the last period 21 and 16, respectively. The influence of INESC Porto reaches all five continents, especially when we consider citation networks. Indeed, excluding the citations from authors affiliated in Portuguese institutions, those that most cite INESC Porto’s (and UOSE’s) works are affiliated in institutions located in China, the UK and the US. The scientific works produced by USE influences mostly authors affiliated in institutions located in India, China and Spain, whereas for UTM the corresponding countries are the US, Germany and Italy. We infer from the evidence analysed that not only did the boundaries of INESC Porto’s scientific network substantially enlarge in the period of analysis (1996-2007) but its ‘quality’ also evidenced a positive evolution, with authors affiliated in institutions located in the scientific frontier countries citing works of INESC Porto (and its units).Bibliometrics, Knowledge networks; R&D Institutions
Determinants of the international influence of a R&D organisation: a bibliometric approach
Get PDFTraditionally, studies on the influence and impact of knowledge-producing organisations have been addressed by means of strict economic analysis, stressing their economic impact to a local, regional or national extent. In the present study, an alternative methodology is put forward in order to evaluate the international scientific impact and influence of a knowledge-producing and -diffusing institution. We introduce a new methodology, based on scientometric and bibliometric tools, which complement traditional assessments by considering the influence of a R&D institution when looking at the scientific production undertaken and the recognition of its relevance by its international peer community. Focusing on the most prolific scientific areas of INESC Porto, and resorting to published scientific work recorded in the Science Citation Index (SCI), we show that INESC Porto has enlarged its international scientific network. The logit estimations demonstrate that the wide geographical influence of INESC Porto scientific research is a result not of its international positioning in terms of co-authorships, but rather a result of the quality of its scientific output.Impact and influence assessment methods; R&D Institutions; Bibliometrics, Scientometrics; knowledge network; INESC Porto
Assessing the influence of R&D institutions by mapping international scientific networks: the case of INESC Porto
Get PDFAlthough scientometric and bibliometric studies embrace a much wider perspective of the linkages/networks of R&D institutions than standard economic studies, to the best of our knowledge, these studies have not yet made use of scientometric tools to analyse the influence and impact of R&D institutions. Moreover, the international perspective has so far been neglected both in standard and bibliometric studies. Based on networks of 1239 foreign co-authorships and 13035 foreign citation linkages, we demonstrate that INESC Porto international influence has considerably expanded since 2003, a year that coincided with the implementation of an internal policy of granting monetary prizes to publications in scientific international journals. In terms of co-authorship, the network of INESC Porto more than duplicated (13 countries in the initial period to 27 in 2004-07). In terms of citations, INESC Porto’s network encompassed almost 40 countries during the whole period (1996-2007). Its more prolific units (optoelectronics, energy and multimedia) presented a rather distinct pattern both in terms of size and evolution of the corresponding network boundaries. The network size of foreign co-authorships was not much different between the three units by the beginning of the 2000s (around 10 countries) but it evolved quite distinctly. The most remarkable pattern was registered by the multimedia (UTM) unit, whose network size rose exponentially to 21 countries in 2004-07. This contrasted with the decline (down to 8 countries) of the energy (USE) unit. The citation network of the optoelectronic unit (UOSE) was by far the largest, until 2003, involving 34 distinct countries, which contrasted with the size of USE (12 countries) and UTM (1 country). But again, after 2003, the size of the citation network of USE and UTM converged spectacularly to that of UOSE’s, reaching in the last period 21 and 16, respectively. The influence of INESC Porto reaches all five continents, especially when we consider citation networks. Indeed, excluding the citations from authors affiliated in Portuguese institutions, those that most cite INESC Porto’s (and UOSE’s) works are affiliated in institutions located in China, the UK and the US. The scientific works produced by USE influences mostly authors affiliated in institutions located in India, China and Spain, whereas for UTM the corresponding countries are the US, Germany and Italy. We infer from the evidence analysed that not only did the boundaries of INESC Porto’s scientific network substantially enlarge in the period of analysis (1996-2007) but its ‘quality’ also evidenced a positive evolution, with authors affiliated in institutions located in the scientific frontier countries citing works of INESC Porto (and its units). Length: 64 pagesBibliometrics, Knowledge networks; R&D Institutions
