196,500 research outputs found
Antitumor effects of curcumin and of its combination with cisplatin or doxorubicin on human hepatic cancer cells: possible relationship to NF-kB activation and IAP gene expression.
No full textIhnibitor of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) as a new possible therapeutic targets in hepatocellular cancer.
No full textMeccanismi antitumorali degli oli essenziali estratti da piante succulente in un modello di leucemia mielocitica acuta multifarmacoresistente
No full textEssential oil of Cyphostemma juttae (Vitaceae): chemical composition and antitumor mechanism in triple negative breast cancer cells
No full textThe genus Cyphostemma (Planch.) Alston (Vitaceae) includes about 150 species distrib- uted in eastern and southern Africa and Madagascar. Some species are used in traditional medicine and their biological activities, including antiproliferative effects against cancer cell lines, have been demonstrated. To date no investigations on Cyphostemma essential oils have been carried out. Essential oils, which play important roles in plant defenses have been demonstrated to be active in the treatment of several human diseases and to enhance bioavability of other drugs. The aim of this paper was to identify the chemical composition of the essential oil of the leaves of Cyphostemma juttae (Dinter & Gilg) Desc. and to verify some biological activities on two triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM 149), characterized by the over-expression of the transcription factor NF-κB. In the essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 39 compounds were detected and with phytol (30%) dominating the chemical composition. C. juttae essential oil reduced cell growth and showed a pro-oxidant activity in both cell lines. Moreover, C. juttae essential oil caused a substantial decrease of NF-κB activation and consequently a significant reduction of some NF-κB target genes. The present study shows for the first time the cytotoxic properties of C. juttae essential oil and highlight its avail- ability to interfere with NF-κB pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic use in triple nega- tive breast cancers (TNBCs) of this essential oil
Human milk is not “merely nutritious”: How its bioactive role can influence child health
No full textMaternal milk represents the best food for the newborn, providing specific physiologic advantages over the other sources of nutrition. It also contains many hundreds to thousands of bioactive molecules that protect against infection (i.e. IgA), inflammation (i.e. 5-methylthioadenosine) and contribute to eliciting strong immune responses in breastfed children (i.e. allergens or viral antigens). Quality and quantity of breast milk components may influence the development of infant body composition in the first years of life; in particular, it has been shown that a different composition of human oligosaccharides (HMOs) in overweight/obese women’s human milk can be correlated with her offspring’s growth. This could be associated with human milk’s probiotic role, since probiotics support the assembly of a healthy gut microbiome, by stimulating the growth of beneficial microbes. Therefore, the aim of this review is to outline the bioactive role of human milk and its potential beneficial effect on a child’s long-term health
The First 1000 Days of Life: How Changes in the Microbiota Can Influence Food Allergy Onset in Children
No full textBackground: Allergic disease, including food allergies (FA)s, has been identified as a major global disease. The first 1000 days of life can be a “window of opportunity” or a “window of susceptibility”, during which several factors can predispose children to FA development. Changes in the composition of the gut microbiota from pregnancy to infancy may play a pivotal role in this regard: some bacterial genera, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, seem to be protective against FA development. On the contrary, Clostridium and Staphylococcus appear to be unprotective. Methods: We conducted research on the most recent literature (2013–2023) using the PubMed and Scopus databases. We included original papers, clinical trials, meta-analyses, and reviews in English. Case reports, series, and letters were excluded. Results: During pregnancy, the maternal diet can play a fundamental role in influencing the gut microbiota composition of newborns. After birth, human milk can promote the development of protective microbial species via human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), which play a prebiotic role. Moreover, complementary feeding can modify the gut microbiota’s composition. Conclusions: The first two years of life are a critical period, during which several factors can increase the risk of FA development in genetically predisposed children
Recovery of Bioactive Compounds from Marine Organisms: Focus on the Future Perspectives for Pharmacological, Biomedical and Regenerative Medicine Applications of Marine Collagen
No full textMarine environments cover more than 70% of the Earth's surface and are among the richest and most complex ecosystems. In terms of biodiversity, the ocean represents an important source, still not widely exploited, of bioactive products derived from species of bacteria, plants, and animals. However, global warming, in combination with multiple anthropogenic practices, represents a serious environmental problem that has led to an increase in gelatinous zooplankton, a phenomenon referred to as jellyfish bloom. In recent years, the idea of "sustainable development" has emerged as one of the essential elements of green-economy initiatives; therefore, the marine environment has been re-evaluated and considered an important biological resource. Several bioactive compounds of marine origin are being studied, and among these, marine collagen represents one of the most attractive bio-resources, given its use in various disciplines, such as clinical applications, cosmetics, the food sector, and many other industrial applications. This review aims to provide a current overview of marine collagen applications in the pharmacological and biomedical fields, regenerative medicine, and cell therapy
Antioxidants: Role the in prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia
No full textBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is one of the major causes of chronic respiratory diseases among infants. Both pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches have been proposed for its management. Since oxidative stress is known to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of BPD, it is reasonable to consider the potential of antioxidant strategies in the prevention and treatment of this condition. Indeed, antioxidants can prevent or inhibit substrate oxidation. Some studies have evaluated the efficacy of the exogenous administration of vitamins and micronutrients in reducing the propagation of free radicals through their scavenging capacity. Nonetheless, encouraging preclinical results did not translate into effective preventive and/or therapeutic interventions. This narrative review evaluates the current evidence about the antioxidants that are potentially useful for preventing and treating BPD and explores the most relevant issues affecting their implementation in clinical practice, as well as their associated evidence gaps and research limitations
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