1,721,074 research outputs found
Convergence of waste-related indicators of environmental quality in Italy
No full textThis study tests the presence of convergence in the main municipal solid waste-related indicators across Italy. In the last decade the waste sector has experienced a profound transformation, both at a European and an Italian level, a transformation in which landfill is losing its primary role as the main means of waste disposal, and other activities, like recycling and incineration, are becoming increasingly important. In this context, β and σ tests of convergence can tell us more about the distribution of the three different rival choices of waste disposal, by assessing the geographic characteristics of this transformation and helping us to obtain a deeper understanding of the effects of European and national policies. Moreover, environmental policies, as well as social polarization and organized crime, may play an extremely relevant role in this scenario, which may influence waste management performances and render the policy environment less stable and less secure. © 2012 Springer
La dinamica degli SUAP: Le pratiche.
No full textIn questo capitolo viene effettuata una analisi descrittiva ed interpretativa sul numero di pratiche totali svolte ogni anni dalla rete di sportelli unici della regione Emilia-Romagna. I dati sono stati raccolti tramite un'intervista effettuata a tutti gli sportelli regionali. L'analisi è stata condotta al fine di valutare da un lato l'efficienza degli stessi e dall'altro quanto le scelte in termine di struttura organizzativa abbiano influenzato la prevalenza di determinate tipologie di pratiche
L’innovazione come motore della competitività territoriale Il caso della provincia di Ferrara
No full textL’analisi degli scenari internazionali, proposti in apertura di questo libro, mette in luce come l’attuale crisi abbia origini strutturali, piuttosto che finanziarie. Nasce quindi l’esigenza di un ripensamento del nostro sistema produttivo e delle politiche industriali ad esso connesse. Il libro intravede una traiettoria di sviluppo nella sintesi di due variabili: l’innovazione ed il territorio, declinate nel rapporto tra scienza ed in- dustria. Nell’ambito delle politiche europee per l’innovazione vengo- no analizzate il caso della rete di trasferimento tecnologico ERIK, gli spin-off realizzati dall’Università di Ferrara e le dinamiche dei settori innovativi delle provincia di Ferrara nella duplice prospettiva settoriale e territoriale. Il libro mostra come l’elemento territoriale sia fondamen- tale per stimolare e consolidare il nuovo intreccio di relazioni tra uni- versità ed imprese ed orientarlo verso l’obiettivo di accrescere la com- petitività delle imprese e del sistema produttivo nel suo complesso. Tuttavia, sono ancora presenti molti vincoli che rallentano e talvolta impediscono il pieno dispiegarsi di questo dialogo virtuoso
Il ruolo sociale ed economico delle imprese e dei settori tra <<politiche>> globali e locali di sostenibilità. Le strategie europpe, l'innovazione ambientale e la produzione di beni pubblici
No full textIl presente contributo esamina le performance di sostenibilità di un sistema socio economico focalizzandosi primariamente sul ruolo delle imprese manifatturiere e dei servizi, al fine di effettuare confronti delle performance ambientali, innovative e socio-economiche tra paesi e tra settori
Economie di agglomerazione e adozione di nuove tecnologie: un'indagine empirica condotta sull'industria meccanica in Emilia-Romagna
No full textAgglomeration externalities and technology adoption: An empirical investigation into the machinery industry in Emilia-Romagna. This paper investigates the local dynamic of technology adoption. Although the positive effects of knowledge spill-overs are well-known in literature, it is assumed that Marshallian externalities can produce side effects so that the capability to adopt technologies located outside the agglomeration space decreases. On the empirical side, technology is broadly assumed to be approximated by one patent and its adoption by a citation of that patent. Data refer to the machinery industry in Emilia-Romagna and include all the patents in the technological fields related to the machinery industry cited between 1981 and 2010 by inventors located in the region. The main explanatory variables concern the intensity of the local productive specialisation expecting that citation lags increase with agglomeration
Gli sportelli unici per le attività produttive nella regione Emilia-Romagna
No full textQuesto capitolo riporta i risultati di un'analisi condotta intervistando tutti gli sportelli unici della regione Emilia-Romagna, ed analizza sia la struttura organizzativa degli sportelli stessi, che la rete di relazione che li collega tra essi
Diverting Waste: The Role of Innovation
No full textEncouraging innovation in material recycling and waste management technologies has been on the agenda in many countries for several decades. In this chapter, the data presented indicate the possibility that the first wave of policies (end of the 1980s, beginning of the 1990s) has produced an innovation response, but their effect is now less pronounced. Technological maturity of this sector, relative to other areas of environmental innovation, is one possible explanation for this finding. Nonetheless, in many countries recycling rates have increased and waste generation per unit of economic activity is beginning to fall. It is likely, that for mature sectors responses to environmental policy shocks may be reflected in behavioural and organisational innovations, rather than in terms of technological inventions.
The contribution of Christian Michel (formerly with ENSAE ParisTech, France) via the initial work on the development of search strategies and Fleur Watson (OECD Environment Directorate) for further data preparation is gratefully acknowledged
DINAMICHE SOCIO ECONOMICHE E POLITICHE AMBIENTALI: UN’ANALISI DEL PROCESSO DI DELINKING NEL SETTORE RIFIUTI
No full textWaste generation and waste disposal are issues that are becoming increasingly prominent in the environmental arena both from a policy perspective and in the context of delinking analysis. Waste generation is still increasing proportionally with income, and economic and environmental costs associated to landfilling are also increasing. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of waste generation, incineration, recycling and landfill dynamics based on two different panel data sets, one for the EU25 (1995-05), and another one for the Italian provinces (1999-05), to assess the effects of different drivers (economic, structural, policy) We show that for waste generation there is still no Waste Kuznets Curve (WKC) trend, although elasticity to income drivers appear lower than in the past. Landfill and other policy effects do not seem to provide backward incentives for waste prevention. On the other side landfill, as expected, has a decreasing trend, with policy providing a strong driver. It demonstrates the effectiveness of policy even in this early stage of policy implementation. This is essential for an ex post evaluation of existing landfill and incineration directives. Furthermore, also some institutional and socio economic factors are highly significant, like population density and all the variables related to municipalities’ commitment in general (as share of recycling), underlining the relevance that non economic factors have in this relation. We may conclude that although absolute delinking is far from being achieved for waste generation, there are first positive signals in favor of an increasing relative delinking for waste generation and average robust landfill diversion, and various evidence of a significant role of the EU waste policies implemented in the late 1990s and early 2000s on landfill diversion. Waste prevention is nevertheless the next necessary target of waste regulatory efforts
Waste Technological Dynamics and Policy Effects: Evidence from OECD Patent Data
No full textThis chapter examines the effect of environmental policies on technological change, in the field of waste management. This study is conducted using patent data on 28 OECD countries over the period 1980–2005 and considers five different technological fields related to the waste sector. Even though the analysis confirms that policies actually played a positive, significant role in promoting the development of green innovations, this effect is highly non-linear and strongly depends on time. As previous works have highlighted, the technological maturity of the sector, especially if compared with other areas of environmental innovation such as renewables, is reflected in a decreasing effect of policies on innovation trends. If a first wave of policies, which dates back to the 1990s, was able to promote technological change, this effect is now less evident. Nevertheless, it is reasonable to conclude that if no policy efforts had been introduced, the slowdown in the trend of patenting in waste-related sectors would have been even more pronounced
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